'Niva 21213 ": makhalidwe, mbali ndi ndemanga za eni

Vaz 21213 "Niva" - Ndi mmodzi wa bwino kwambiri ndi kwambiri pa chitukuko cha galimoto Volga. Tikhoza kunena kuti "Field" ndi chitsanzo chofunika kwambiri mu mbiri lonse zoweta magalimoto. Poyamba, makina amakhala ngati msewu galimoto zonyamula anthu ndi zonse gudumu 4x4 pagalimoto. Kodi zinsinsi kubisa chitsanzo ichi ndi kuti ali pansi pa nyumba ndi yaitali kodi liti? Zonsezi osati - Patapita m'nkhani ino.

mbiri yopanga

Siriyo yopanga magalimoto Vaz "Niva" 21213 inayamba mu 1977. Mu chitukuko cha SUV ankagwira wotchuka kwambiri akatswiri opanga ndi USSR. Mwina ndi umodzi wa zochitika zonse za ogwira ntchito za mamangidwe amasinthira walenga galimoto, yodziwika ndi permeability mkulu, kulemera kuwala ndi kuphweka kwa kukonza.

Vaz "Niva" 21213 - ali woyamba mu mbiri ya zoweta galimoto kuti linapangidwa mwapadera kukwera pa msewu, amayendera malo akutali kwambiri, komanso maulendo nsomba ndi kusaka. Zonsezi zachititsa kuti otha galimoto ndi wamphamvu pa nthawi injini mafuta, komanso zothandiza kukonzekera thupi - lopinda kumbuyo mpando limakupatsani ikani mkati "Niva" akatundu osiyanasiyana chuma mpaka makilogalamu mazana angapo.

M'banja "manambala Rover"?

chimagwirizanitsa Kodi zoweta Vaz 2121 ndi British "Rover"? Koyamba, chilichonse. Komabe, tiyenera kuona luso, ndi chirichonse idzawonetsedwa yekha. chakuti "Niva" anagwiritsidwa ntchito nondisconnectable galimoto matayala onse anayi ndi mlandu kutengerapo ndi interaxle lockable masiyanidwe. Ndi ichi "stuffing" anali mu British "manambala Rover" mu 70s lapansi. Chifukwa zida zimenezi moti akanatha mosavuta zoweta SUV fording, gullies ndi zina kuchoka msewu. Pa nthawi imeneyo latsopano Soviet Jeep analibe analogues mawu a permeability ndi chitonthozo.

Pa kumbuyo kwa SUV

Akuti poyamba thupi la galimoto Vaz "Niva" 21213 sanali zitsulo onse. Woyamba zosintha experimental ankatengedwa SUV lotseguka thupi, denga umene chidafundidwa ndi lona (ngati panopa mpandadenga mtunda). Komabe, kuŵeta kumaphatikizapo chitsanzo yekha ndi thupi olimba zitsulo, limene ife tsopano onani m'misewu.

Zida ndi chitonthozo

Koyamba, Vaz "Niva" 21213 - ndi analogue wa Volga Urals UAZ 469-TH chitsanzo. Inde, pa ntchito njira ndi mtunda ndi pafupifupi Siamese mapasa, koma m'katimo iwo yosiyana. Mzere kutsogolo kwa mipando - ndi headrests, backrest ndi chosinthika m'litali ndi ngodya, kumbuyo mzere apangidwe kuonjezera katundu malo. Mwa dongosolo la "Niva" mans makina ochapira ndi kumbuyo zenera wiper, chotenthetsera ndi zenera pa galimoto. Mwa mfundo masiku ano zipangizo Volga SUV pafupifupi wokonda moyo wodzimana, koma 70 zinthu zotere wapamwamba ndipo ngakhale akulakalaka.

Soul akazi!

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa makina n'chakuti ambiri a mbali ndi mbali anali "anaponyedwa pa" zitsanzo za magalimoto chomwecho Vaz (kwenikweni "zisanu ndi chimodzi"). Choncho, pamaziko a Vaz 2106 akatswiri Soviet anali analenga galimoto, kumbuyo chitsulo chogwira matayala ndipo gearbox.

Vaz "Niva" 21213: zofunika

Poyamba, galimoto yatenganso 4 yamphamvu carburettor injini ya malita 1.6. zosintha Komanso anali watsopano, chifukwa mu amagetsi limodzi ndi mzere 1.3-lita injini, koma wotchuka kwambiri ndi ziziyenda, iye sanagwiritse ntchito.

Koma gearbox ndi, "Niva" anali okonzeka ndi HIV zinayi Buku ndi synchronizers pa kutsogolo zida. A Patapita nthawi, SUV anayamba m'chinyumba ichi ndi HIV patsogolo kwambiri - 5 magawo. Musaiwale za bokosi kutengerapo, amene analola SUV kuti tigonjetse kuchokera msewu. Tsatane awiri "razdatka" ndi loko pakati masiyanidwe anakakamizika. Driveline inkakhala kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo axles, komanso wapakatikati kutsinde chilengedwe migodi olowa.

Kuyimitsidwa analinso zochititsa luso. Front ufulu wodzilamulira pa yopingasa ikulendewera Mkono absorbers hayidiroliki mantha, akasupe ndi stabilizer, amene kumathandiza galimoto ku monyang'ama pa pamene cornering. Kumbuyo kuyimitsidwa - yozungulira, ndi koyilo akasupe wina mtanda kapamwamba ndi anayi kotenga. Monga kutsogolo, zida ndi absorbers angapo hayidiroliki mantha.

The wamakono loyamba la SUV zoweta

Si zachilendo, koma choyamba akweza chitsanzo, "Niva" analowa kupanga patapita zaka 16. Komanso, mu gawo luso galimoto pafupifupi kanthu zasintha - mbali zonse ndi mbali ya nyemba 1977! Kupatulapo anali watsopano mkati kuyaka injini, koma pambuyo pake.

The kusintha chachikulu kuti okha maonekedwe akunja a "Niva". The kusinthidwa latsopano ali ndi thupi elongated ndi pang'ono kusinthidwa magetsi ananyema pa kumbuyo. Mwa njira, anakhala m'mbali mwa galimotolo tsopano akutsegula chabe ku chipinda anthu. Bampala zitsulo anakhalabe, koma tsopano utoto kuwala imvi mtundu. Ambiri, kunja kwa galimoto si phompho kwambiri ndiponso kuukonza. Komabe, masiku ano kuchokera msewu ikukonzekera Vaz 21213 ( "Field"), chimene chiri kukhazikitsa mphamvu bumpers, snorkel, abulusa yatsopano, ndi mayunitsi ena, amalola modernize tione galimoto.

Mkati, kwambiri, kusintha anali kochepa - mipando ndi chida gulu anayamba kuyang'ana ngati "Ladovsky" (kuchokera Vaz 2108). Ndipo kodi iwo anati eni? Malinga ndi ndemanga, "Niva" 21213 pambuyo kukulitsa anakhala bwino kwambiri, koma zolakwa za akale (kumbuyo chinyengo ndi phokoso zonse mkati) Kodi sakwanitsa kupewa okonza.

Ndipo tsopano gawo luso. The akweza Baibulo la "Niva" ndi chiyambi cha 1993 udzatha ndi watsopano petulo injini ndi kusamutsidwa kuchuluka kwa - kwa malita 1.7. Kwa nthawi yoyamba pa dongosolo SUV contactless poyatsira ankagwiritsa ntchito. Kusintha ndi carburetor. The bwino braking dongosolo. Home gearshift kufala tsopano ali ndi zida chiŵerengero cha 3,9. Iwo lasintha zazing'ono ndi silencer. Tsopano mtembo wake osati welded, monga poyamba ndipo seamed (ngati "Lada" chitsanzo chitatu).

Monga mmene kumapeto, ndi patsogolo latsopano mu injini mkati kuyaka ndi dongosolo kufala kwambiri adatchithisira SUV Vaz "Niva" mowa 21213 mafuta. Kotero, kuti "zana" galimotoyo kuthera maola pafupifupi 13 malita mu mzinda mpaka malita 11 pamsewu.

The katundu Baibulo la "Niva" anali chapakati mafuta jekeseni, zida ndi sanali tripping mawilo galimoto ndi pakati masiyanidwe ndi mbali "razdatkoy" sitepe-pansi. Pa pempho kasitomala, galimoto akhoza okonzeka ndi injini dizilo wa French "Peugeot" ndi kusamuka kwa malita 1,9. Koma, mwatsoka, zinali ochepa milandu.

Pomaliza

Ngakhale kuti lero mpikisano azinji adaaonekera "Niva" 2121, SUV ichi anali kumeneko ndipo adzakhala bwenzi lapamtima la alenje, anglers ndi mafani wosokonezeka msewu. Chifukwa sitili pafupifupi Vaz 2121 zamagetsi - izi mwina yekha Jeep, amene adzakhoza kupambana popanda mavuto a gawo lililonse pa msewu (kupatulapo anzake Ural "UAZ" mtundu).