Nikolay Kopernik: kanthawi mbiri ndi ziphunzitso ndi

Nikolay Kopernik, kanthawi yonena tikambirana m'nkhani ino, ndi wasayansi kwambiri. Iye sikuti zakuthambo chachikulu amene analenga heliocentric dongosolo la dziko. Copernicus anali makaniko wabwino, masamu, Kanonnikov, komanso munthu amene anaika maziko a izi zisinthe sayansi, woyamba mu mbiri ya chitukuko anthu. Mwini wake wasayansi anali Zida wosazindikira n'kuzitentha wake. Koma izi sizinamulepheretse kupanga angapo kufufuza mu kuonerera ake makumi chaka dera zakuthambo.

Copernicus, yonena mwachidule amene amasonyeza mphamvu zazikulu za malingaliro wamba, anabadwa mu banja wamalonda mu 1473 mu Torun (Poland). Bambo ake anamwalira msanga, mnyamata anakula amalume ake - Bishop Lucas Vachenrode. Iye anaphunzira wasayansi kutsogolozo University of Cracow, Bologna ndipo amapemphera anaphunzira zakuthambo, mankhwala ndi lamulo. Titamaliza maphunziro, iye anasankhidwa Kanonnikov, ntchito monga dokotala ndi mlembi wa amalume ake pa nyumba yake (Lidzbark).

Copernicus, amene lalifupi yonena - sikungokhudza woyera mikwingwirima, anali kudziŵa ndipo anatha kuona. Atamwalira mphunzitsi wake, anasamukira Frombork komwe iye anakakhala nsanja pa yekha, anasunga lero. Mu nyumba yake, Nikolai anapereka Observatory Choncho tikhoza kunena kuti zimene anatulukira anapanga yekha kunyumba. Komanso, anatumikira Kanonnikov ufulu wa odwala ankachitira anayamba dongosolo ndalama zomwe wakhala wakhala anayambitsa mu Poland, anamanga makina hayidiroliki. Pa nthawi imeneyi, zakuthambo kwakukulu moyo wake wonse. Koma izi sizinamulepheretse athe kutenga nawo mbali mu moyo m'dziko lawo kuposa kamodzi iye anapatsidwa ntchito zofunika zimene analimbana modabwitsa bwino. Mwachitsanzo, iye negotiated pakati pa mafumu chikumenyana, zinagwirizana ndi maganizo abwino a nthawi.

Nikolay Kopernik chosintha atulukira pa nthawi. Poyamba, ankafuna kusintha Ptolemy anayamba dongosolo heliocentric, anapereka mwa Iye "Almagest". Komabe, ntchito yake inali zimasiyana: Nikolai molondola kwambiri kudziwa njira kuyenda kwa zakuthambo, ndipo ngakhale anenanso chawo. Choncho, zakuthambo Polish chasanduka Lapansi ku likulu la chilengedwe chonse, monga mmene ankaganizira poyamba, mmodzi wa mapulaneti wamba a dongosolo la zowalitsa. patebulo lake anali kwambiri zolondola Ptolemaic, zomwe zabwino bwanji chitukuko cha navigation. kuzipenya ake onse ndi kuwerengetsera iye anafotokoza mu ntchito yake "Pa Revolutions wa muzochitika Akumwamba", wamfupi, koma zili ndi zofunika kwambiri.

Copernicus, kanthawi yonena amene sangakhoze kulephera amasangalala m'nthawi yake, lofalitsidwa ntchito yake okha 1543, atatsala pang'ono kuphedwa. Iwo adampulumutsa kuzunzidwa kwa otsatira ake ndi ophunzira. Iye mwakachetechete dziko lino, ndipo anaikidwa m'manda mu mpingo wa St. John mu mzinda wa Munga.

Mpingo wa Katolika kale kale ntchito ya Nicholas mpatuko ndi sanamuzindikire. Komabe, ziphunzitso za khalidwe chosintha wa anapitiriza ndiponso anatsegula Galileo Galilei. Copernicus mwachidule mbiri limene tafotokozazi, analandira chipilala ndi m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Koma tsopano iwo ali osati Kraków, Warsaw, Munga, Regensburg ndi padziko lonse.