Ndi phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa chiyani? Kilimanjaro: kufotokoza, chithunzi

Africa - zosowa kwa anthu ambiri a mu Eurasian. Pali chipululu chachikulu ndi savannahs zimapezeka nyama zachilendo ndi kukula zomera chodabwitsa. Kodi mukudziwa phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa? Maina a ena a iwo, ife akukumbukirabe maphunziro kusukulu, pamene ena kwathunthu osadziwika.

mafotokozedwe ambiri

Mbali yaikulu m'dzikoli ndi mapiri atali si apangidwe nyumba. Mwachitsanzo, phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa ili mapiri East Africa. Mu kumpoto, kumadzulo, ndi kummwera kwa Africa ataliatali mapiri apangidwe - Atlas ndi Cape. Aitiopiya (Abyssinian) okwera lili kumpoto kum'mawa lokwera Aberdarsky - mu mtima m'dzikoli, ndi Drakensberg mapiri kum'mwera, ndi Ahaggar - kumpoto chakumadzulo. Komanso, Africa anatchuka chifukwa udakali zinatha mapiri (Kilimanjaro ndi Cameroon).

Phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa - Kilimanjaro

Lalikulu mapiri wapangidwa ndi mapiri atatu zinatha tsopano - Mawenzi (5129 m), Shira (3962 m), ndipo Kibo (5,895 m). Choncho, kutalika kwa phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa akuti ndi mamita 5895. khamu ili m'dera la mapiri a Masai. Asayansi mulibe umboni zopelekedwa kuti kalelo panali ntchito chiphala, akulankhula za kokha nthano. M'dera Kilimanjaro lero kuphulika kwa mapiri kukumbutsa panthaŵi mpweya. Komabe, mu likusuntha zakale ndipo kugumuka ankalembedwa.

phiri lalitali la Africa anatchuka chifukwa ayezi kapu yake kuyambira nsonga ya yokutidwa ndi kuwundana kwa zaka zambiri. Masiku ano, asayansi ambiri atadandaula kuti yaikuluyi chisanu kapu akhoza kutha mu m'zaka zikubwerazi. Mwina pasanapite si zoona - pa zaka 100 zapitazi chipewa ali utachepa mu Volume ndi pafupifupi 80%. Izi si chifukwa adzawuka kutentha, koma zimadalira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chipale kugwa mu dera.

Phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa chinamasulidwa mu 1848, m'busa wa German Johannes Rebmann. Kwa nthawi yoyamba anayesa kugonjetsa udachitikira ya Chihangare Chiwerengero SamuelTeleki, koma anawamvera yekha mu 1889, ndi German wapaulendo Hans Meyer ndi mnzake - climber kwa Austria Ludwig Purtscheller.

Phiri Kenya

Si phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa Koma akafika kutalika mamita 5199. Phiri Kenya - ndi zinatha stratovolcano ndi mmodzi wa anthu otchuka pakati pa mapiri nsonga a mu Africa. Malowa ali pamtunda mu malo osungirako Phiri Kenya, amene anakhazikitsidwa mu 1949 kuteteza madera ozungulira.

Nthawi zambiri kukwera phiri zimenezi zinachititsa kuti nsonga zitatu - Batiani, Nelionu ndi Point Lenanu. Kuyambira mfundo luso view, angakwanitse kwambiri ndi zosavuta Point Lenana imatengedwa udzakhazikitsidwe mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa massif lapansi.

Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni awiri zapitazo - phiri Kenya ndi phiri lomwe lingaphulike. Pali lomwe masiku amenewo zinali Kilimanjaro.

Mu 1849 izo anatsegula German mmishonale Johann Krapf, ndi pambuyo 34, anatsimikizira anapeza ake wofufuza George. Thompson, watsikira kwa phazi kuchokera kumadzulo.

Cameroon

phiri ili akuti ndi wapamwamba Africa Central. kutalika kwake ndi mamita 4070. Panopa, izo akadali kusonyeza ntchito chiphala. Kuphulika lotsiriza la Cameroon analemba mu 2000. Pamwamba pa phiri si nthawi zonse yokutidwa ndi chisanu, koma nthawi zina amapezeka chipewa. Vulcan alinso ndi mayina ena - Phaco ndi Mongo Ma Ndeme - monga amatchedwa ndi anthu akuderalo.

Anatsegula kuphulika Apwitikizi oyendetsa - mamembala a ulendo, amene anali kufunafuna njira kudutsa Africa ku India. Iye anagonjetsa udachitikira mu 1861, Richard Francis Burton.

okwera Aitiopiya

Inkakhala kumpoto, kum'mawa m'dzikoli, Ethiopia, Eritrea, mwina kumpoto kwa Somalia. The chimbuzi cha phiri akuti ndi Ras Dashen. kutalika kwake ndi mamita 4550. Mu ledges kum'mawa ndi okwera kum'mwera otsetsereka. Iwo ukutsika mu chigwa kwambiri. Western ledges stupenchatoe maonekedwe osiyana, chosema ndi maphompho zakuya za Blue Nile. Valley okwera agawanika pa ufulu ataima magulu (Amba). Kulemba mapiri a Ethiopia gneiss, schists, chiphala thanthwe ili pamwamba.

The Plateau ikusonyezedwa chakum'mawa kwa nyengo, zimene zimathandiza pano kukula khofi mtengo, rye ndi tirigu. Komanso pali mchere ambiri - golide, pulatinamu, sulfure, mkuwa, ndi zitsulo. Ncho pano lignite, miyala ndi gypsum.

Atlas mapiri

osiyanasiyana Izi phiri ili kumpoto chakumadzulo m'dzikoli. Kwa nthawi yaitali ankaganiza kuti chochokera Atlantic gombe ku Morocco ku gombe la Tunisia. Lero unakhazikitsidwa kuti akutambasula makilomita 2,300 kuchokera Cape Sirte kuti Kotey.

Atlas Mountains anasiyanitsidwa Mediterranean ndi Atlantic gombe la Sahara chipululu. Iwo amapanga zitunda zambiri. The chimbuzi cha khamu la - phiri Toubkal (4167 m).