Ndi apano oopsa kwa anthu? Oopsa komanso zoopsa mfundo panopa

Magetsi mantha - ichi mwamuna magetsi mantha, kenako mwina mantha - zimachitika aakulu zikuchitika lamphamvu, chimene ndi magetsi. Iwo ankadziwa kuti aliyense oopsa panopa kuti moyo wa munthu. Nkhaniyi anayankha funso la chimene panopa ndi voteji ndi oopsa kwa anthu.

Kuyambira mantha magetsi

Malinga ndi vuto kuyambira mantha angakhale zosiyanasiyana. Ngati munthu walandira amphamvu mantha magetsi, chifukwa angayambitse mavuto ndi magazi ndi kupuma. Zinthu zitafika povuta kwambiri angayambe fibrillation za mtima - minofu mtima akuyamba twitch erratically. Popeza mtima kwenikweni zimaleka kugwira ntchito, magazi mabasi. Ngati si anapereka thandizo m'njira yake munthu akhoza kufa.

zodabwitsa magetsi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pamene kumenya anthu ndi mphamvu yake panopa mpaka 1000 V. Burns angayambe mchikakamizo cha panopa 1 A ndi pamwamba. Izi zimachitika makamaka pamene akugwira ntchito panopa mpaka 1000 munthu safuna kutsatira malamulo zofunika chitetezo. gawo Busbar ili pafupi kwambiri ndi dera thupi, pakati pa mphanvu kumaliseche zikachitika, imbaenda amayaka kwambiri.

Ngati munthu mwangozi tiri ndi mphamvu, panopa nthawi kugwirizana ndi thupi likamatenthetsa minofu 60 °. Zimenezi zimabweretsa mapuloteni clotting, nizidzamuwotcha opangidwa pa zinkakhala m'dera. Burns chifukwa cha mantha magetsi, mankhwala ndi zovuta.

Zizindikiro za kuvulala kwa mantha magetsi

Pali chinthu monga chizindikiro magetsi. Izi khungu akufa ndi chikasu mtundu, zomwe maonekedwe ndi wofanana ndi wa chimanga. Ngati panopa aloŵa m'kati mwenimweni mwa khungu, zimakhala za thupi kufota ndi nthawi.

Zizindikiro amayaka magetsi:

• khungu m'dera mmene akanamachita manyazi;
• pa malo a moto unayamba kuonekera amayaka ndi matuza;
• minofu pamalowa mmene charred;
• khungu umakhoza tizitsulo pa kuwonjezeka zovala.

The owopsa kwa onse, ngati mantha magetsi anabwera m'dera:

• akachisi;
• kumbuyo;
• manja;
• shins;
• nape wa khosi;
• khosi.

Gulu la panopa magetsi ndi nkhani Zimakhudzanso anthu

The magetsi zimasiyanasiyana mu digiri wake kukhudzana anthu. Zimakhala:

• chogwirika;
• neotpuskayuschego;
• fibrillyatsionnogo.

Palpable otchedwa magetsi pa zimakhudza zimene munthu amamva kuyabwa ndi zoonekeratu. Kumva panopa akhoza anawomberedwa pa 0,6 MA.

Neotpuskayuschego - magetsi inawadutsa kuchititsa kayendedwe musanaganizire jerky wa miyendo amene wokhudza mawaya pamtunda.

Alternating m'kupita panopa mwa maselo a thupi la munthu, izo Kupeleka nyemba pa zimene munthu ali ndi kukakamira kwenikweni.

Fibrillyatsionnogo panopa pa amadza amachititsa mavuto ndi dongosolo mtima. Pa mfundo imeneyi, munthu akhoza kufa chifukwa kumangidwa mtima.

oopsa panopa

Zoopseza, kudzera m'thupi la munthu akhoza kupereka voteji kukula osiyana, choncho mwina chifukwa cha kuvulala zosiyanasiyana. Muyenera kudziwa kuti panopa, owopsa kwa anthu, ali ndi mphamvu panopa kuposa 15 MA, pa umene munthu sangathe kuthawa popanda thandizo. Mphamvu panopa 50 MA angathe kuwononga katundu thanzi, ndi 100 MA masekondi 1-2 pansi kanthu imatengedwa mnzake koopsa ndi zambiri amayambitsa mtima kumangidwa.

The owopsa kwa panopa anthu ndi AC, pafupipafupi amene ali wamkulu kuposa 50-500 Hz. Ngati mtengo wake ndi za 9 MA, munthu akhoza lokha lopanda zotupa gwero (waya). Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti moyo ndi thanzi la anthu ngozi ndipo panopa nthawi zonse, amene akhoza kuchotsa kokha ngati zilibe upambana 20-25 MA.

Amene AC oopsa kwa anthu?

Anthu amene nthawi zonse amayenda ndi zipangizo zamagetsi ndi magetsi, mukudziwa chimene AC ndi DC. Koma si onse zomwe, amene ndi woopsa kwambiri kwa anthu.

Iwo ankadziwa kuti magetsi ndi owopsa kwa anthu, amakhala ndi moyo mwa zifukwa zambiri. Monga:

• yaitali zinatha kukhudzana bwanji;
• njira imene masiku ano anadutsa thupi;
• Kodi mphamvu anali kukumenya;
• thupi la munthu kukana.

Iwo yoopsa kuti AC anthu. zifukwa:

• DC panopa adzakhala ndi phindu mphamvu pa thupi la anthu, ngati 3 zina kuposa AC. Izi zimachitika chifukwa alternating panopa zambiri zosangalatsa misempha ndipo zimachititsa kuti minofu ndi mtima.
• Imfa chifukwa kusisita panopa zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kumangidwa mtima. Chiopsezo imfa nthawi zambiri pamene ntchito alternating panopa.
• Fundo outputted thupi, pamwamba DC, ndi apamwamba pafupipafupi, m'munsi kukana.

Choncho zimaonekeratu kuti alternating panopa ndi woopsa kwambiri kwa moyo wa munthu kuposa zonse.

Kodi DC ndi owopsa kwa anthu

Chiopsezo kwa anthu onse AC ndi DC panopa. Chinthu chokha woopsa kwambiri kuposa AC nthawi 35 kuposa okhazikika. Ndi ofunika podziwa kuti chitetezo akuti ndi DC panopa 50 MA, mofanana alternating panopa chizindikiro chimenechi 10 okha MA. Koma chinthu chachikulu - kuopsa panopa aliyense zimatengera ndendende pa mwamphamvu ake.

Amaona:

• pa voltages mpaka 400 V alternating panopa zoopsa;
• ngati voteji ndi 500 V, padzuwa panopa mofanana;
• pa voteji oposa 500 V DC ndi woopsa kwambiri.

Alternating kumenya panopa intermittently yomweyo anadyetsa zonse mosalekeza. Pamene chidwi ndi alternating panopa, ali ndi mwayi kusiya gwero chotupa. Iwo anazindikira kuti vutolo si zikuwoneka pano, anagunda munthu, komanso chiwembu anagwidwa. The owopsa njira panopa mwa mtima, ubongo ndi mapapo.

Direct panopa ndi zoipa kwa munthu, popeza mantha magetsi kapena amayaka akhoza kupanga tione mavuto kupuma.

Amene ziwalo amakhudzidwa magetsi?

Kodi kwambiri chidwi ndi thupi pa nthawi ya mantha, izo zimatengera momwe panopa zapita lomwe. Zochita pali zingapo zimene mungachite imene panopa akhoza kudutsa thupi:

• Ngati munthu wapatuka Ng'amba waya, amene ali pansi nkhawa, ndi manja onse awiri. Izi ndi njira dzanja - dzanja napereka pakati pa manja, zokhudza dongosolo kupuma ndi mtima.
• Munthu atayima pansi, nthawi yomweyo wokhudza waya adachitira ndi dzanja. Njira amatchedwa dzanja - pansi, Chifalikira panopa mwa ziwalo za kupuma ndipo mtima.
• Ntchito mtengo mapazi pansi, m'chigawo cha grounding wolakwika. kumaliseche panopa analandira mmwamba. Njira masiku ano amatchedwa mwendo - mwendo.
• Pamene munthu mwangozi anakhudza mutu wake wochititsa gawo. Njira tikhoza kunena kuti mutu - dzanja, mutu - miyendo.
• The njira zoopsa kwambiri zomwe panopa akhoza kudutsa thupi, ndi amene amakhudza kwambiri za dongosolo anthu.

Koopsa mantha magetsi

Ngati magetsi ndi kugunda pa voteji a 500 V, munthu amamva ululu pa zowawa za malo, khungu kuwotcha. Ndipo pali imabwera amphamvu kuti kupuma mabasi kapena kugunda mabasi.

Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti pa voteji a 500 V kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya mafunde pafupifupi kwina. Pakati pano umene ukufika mwa thupi la munthu voteji ali ndi kudalira osalunjika. Choncho, pamene voteji kwambiri chifukwa panopa mphamvu ukuwonjezeka.

Mulimonsemo, mphamvu ya mantha magetsi zimadalira munthu mu umene munthu anagwa mu mphamvu gululi.