Ndani anayambitsa ndi nkhafi ndikupita kompyuta (mbewa). Evolution wa Computer Mbewa

Lero, popanda chipangizo ichi sadzatha kuchita chilichonse kompyuta kompyuta ano. Inde, ndi pa Malaputopu, akatswiri ambiri amakonda kugwirizana mwamsanga kulumbira pa touchpads kwa hypersensitivity awo ndi malo kovuta. Koma monga amene anatulukira kompyuta mbewa akadali silidziŵika. Choncho tiyeni tikambirane nkhaniyi mwatsatanetsatane.

A zina

About amene anatulukira kompyuta mbewa, tsopano bwinobwino kuti. Zimenezi si adatsutsana, monga nthawi zambiri, kwa ena, zipangizo chimodzimodzi zofunika anausankha woyamba wa. Pakhala ulaliki wa chipangizo china kuti msonkhano kompyuta mu United States (San Francisco). anayambitsa kompyuta manipulator (mbewa anaitana njira kuti) ndani? Yopangidwa ndi kusonyeza kuti dziko lake Douglas Engelbart (Douglas Engelbart), ndipo iye anabadwa ngakhale kale, mu 1964. Ngakhale lodziwika bwino anayambitsa mbewa kompyuta amanena kuti lingaliro la chipangizo amenewa anabwera kwa iye mu 1951! Mu 1970 iye analandira setifiketi kwa Kutulukira zimenezi.

Computer mbewa: mlengi, mbiri, kusanduka

Chinthu chilichonse lili ndi mbiri yake, ndipo inu kupita mwakuya ku m'mbuyomu, iye amapeza nthano zake. Ngati yankho ku funso la amene anayambitsa ndi nkhafi ndikupita kompyuta (mbewa), zikuwoneka bwino bwino, maganizo ngati amene chipangizo lisanalengedwe, titero, amene alamulidwa kuchita mogwirizana. Ena amati kuti zinachitika wa mbewa lalembedwa kwa kampani Xerox. Ena - kuti analamula chitukuko pa Apple. The zatsopano limanena kuti dongosolo lapadera monga pa mankhwala zalembedwa. Manipulator anaonekera ndithu mwadzidzidzi, monga chochokera (monga zambiri zimachitika ndi zinthu waluntha, palibe mwachindunji si mukupanga, ndipo ngati iwo amaoneka). Polemba ndi operatsionok Engelbart kunafunika mu keypad ntchito ndi mawindo (mu lingaliro windowing). Ndipo buku loyamba ntchito inamangidwa mu 1964. Akatero amayamba nkhani ya mbewa computer, mlengi wa yomwe - anayambitsa ndi wasayansi Douglas Engelbart.

Zimangooneka ngati mbewa loyamba

Nyumba izo chosema ndi dzanja ku mtengo ndipo anali mawonekedwe bokosi. Mkati, pali mabatani ndi matayala. Iwo adagulung'undisa pa tebulo pamene chipangizo ikuyenda, kulola kuwerengera malangizo ndi kuchuluka kwa gulu mbewa. A chifukwa deta izi n'kukhala gulu la cholozera pa zenera. Zotsatira chipangizo chasinthidwa ndi bwino. mapulogalamu A analemba Jeff Ralifson. manipulator mu nthawi imeneyo, tinali ndi mwayi kwambiri mwamtheradi (zomwe Tingaone pa chionetsero kanema, analembedwa mu 1968 ndi ili pa Museum wa mbewa pa Stanford). Kenako chipangizo lino silinafike anapeza kutchuka lonse ndi kutchuka.

Chotsatira

Pambuyo bwino Baibulo la mbewa kwa Xerox (1972). Iwo kuimaliza kukonza ake Bill English, amene ankagwira ntchito mu labu ndi Engelbart, ndipo kenako anasamukira ku kampani imeneyi. Choncho, nthawi zina funso la amene anayambitsa ndi nkhafi ndikupita kompyuta (mbewa), ndi kufika ku kampani iyi ikupita. Pambuyo chipangizo chasinthidwa mwa iwo Nkofunika: mawilo m'malo awiri akuluakulu anabwera wobala wina ndi odzigudubuza awiri. Ndipo ambiri Chofunika - kamangidwe ka thupi mbewa kale kukhala amafanana mawonekedwe ano, bwino kwa maso athu. Koma setifiketi, izo anatsala ku Engelbart. Chotero funso la amene anayambitsa ndi nkhafi ndikupita kompyuta (mbewa), ndi bwino kuyankha, kusonyeza dzina.

pofuna

Koma manipulator monga zipangizo kompyuta kukhala m'malo chinthu zosowa mpaka 80s m'zaka zoyambirira za m'ma 20. Koma kale mu 1983, mwachitsanzo, anali pafupifupi khumi makampani yotulutsa ndi kugulitsa zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana za mbewa. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ena mwa makampani awa amene anapanga bungwe ndi mamembala a Engelbart kapena wake. Low kutchuka monga chipangizo mbewa kompyuta anganyoze mtengo wake wapamwamba kwambiri mu zaka. Kseroksovskie mbewa mtengo pakati pa $ 400 ndi zingati zimene ayenera olumikizidwa - ngakhale 300. Ndipo chipangizo palokha ankalakwitsa zina structural: zinali m'malo ovuta ndi osalimba kwambiri. Choncho, wosuta pafupifupi mbewa lonse anakhalabe sichikupezeka. mapeto ake - ofufuza ndi kutukula, amene anatulukira makompyuta atsopano.

udindo apulo mu mbiri ya mbewa

Kukhala zatchuka kwambiri PC ake kenako anaganiza kuti apange zida za mbewa. Izo Jobs analamula kukhala odalirika ndi otsika yokonza chipangizo, yomwe ingathe 20-30 ndalama ndipo sanali kuswa masiku angapo. Ndipo apa, mwinamwake, mukudziwa momwe: a mphira mpira kuti ipitirirabe mozungulira mu thupi limapezeka m'malo Azidziwa. Gwiritsani wina chizindikiro kufala dongosolo, choncho anakhala pulasitiki kuumbidwa zotsutsana ndi ntchito yamanja. chipangizo Izi akhoza kusonkhanitsa ntchito iliyonse pa mzere msonkhano.

bwino loti

Zotsatira kusintha nkhani mbewa si yaitali kubwera. Epplovskie makompyuta okonzeka ndi mbewa mu 1984 anagulitsa, ngati mapayi, ndipo anali bwino loti dziko lonse. Ndipo m'chaka cha 1995 kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mawindo 95 amadziwikanso kwambiri chinathandiza manipulators izi tailed.

Mbewa. Mitundu ya mbewa kompyuta

Today zipangizozi mu dziko, pali zambiri kuposa makompyuta okha. Zimenezi n'zomveka, chifukwa cha lalifupi (sizinathe lotha chitsanzo, amene ali liwiro wathu nthawi zimachitika mofulumira kwambiri) ake moyo - zaka 3-5 ambiri - ndi PC pafupifupi zikusintha mbewa kuposa wina, ndi zina zambiri, malinga ndi zokonda za mwini. Zina Zambiri ndi mitundu ya mbewa kompyuta. Ndipo yang'anani, ndipo zili mumtima mwake. Malinga ndi wapadera manipulators ake kapangidwe ndi kompyuta deta (mbewa) ogaŵikana zimango, Optics, laser, trackball.

Mawotchi mbewa - miyambo mpira galimoto chitsanzo ndi chingwe omwe amafunika kuyeretsa zonse mpira, ndi bulky maonekedwe. Kuwala ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zosiyana. Iwo alibe mpira, ndipo pali LED ndi kachipangizo. Laser amachita laser a. trackballs A ndi mkanda otukukira kunja, omwe amachepetsa motility manja (chifukwa ungatithandizire ndi chala chimodzi). A chipangizo lumikiza malinga ndi mfundo deta anawagawa basi anatumizanso lamya ndi opanda zingwe. Waya ntchito ngati PC kugwirizana waya amene chikugwirizana thereto ndi limene chizindikiro imafalikira. opanda zingwe A ntchito wolandila wapadera, kupanga kugwirizana ndi PC. makina onga zabwino m'mabuku, monga mafoni mokwanira. A drawback kwambiri: Tengani mmodzi wa zolowetsa mu kompyuta ndi ntchito mabatire kapena mabatire amene ali ndi amasinthasintha kapena kupatsira. Pafupifupi onse mbewa ndi mabatani awiri ndi mpukutu gudumu (mu zitsanzo zakale, si), koma mitundu ya nyumba kuchokera zosiyanasiyana manufactures kungakhale zimasiyana mzake: kwa tingachipeze powerenga masiku ano.