Mzinda wa Quebec: anthu, nyengo, malo osangalatsa

Mzinda wa Quebec ndi likulu la dziko lomwelo ku Canada. Dzikoli litatchedwa New France, ndipo mpaka lero ndi gawo lolankhula Chifalansa. Amene akufuna kusamukira kumalo osatha ayenera kuphunzira Chingerezi komanso French.

New France

Dzina limeneli linali lochokera ku North America, lomwe linali ndi France kuyambira 1534 mpaka 1763. Ngakhale kuti mu 1534 Cartier adalengeza kuti Canada ndi katundu wa French Crown, kulamulira koloni kwenikweni kunayamba mu 1604, ndipo mu 1605 Samuel de Champlain adayambitsa mzinda woyamba wa Port Royal.

Mu 1608, adayambitsa mzinda wa Quebec, womwe unayambira ku New France ku Canada. Mbiri ya dera limeneli inayamba ndikuti Mfumu Henry 4 idapatsidwa ufulu wogulitsa malonda ku Canada kwa amalonda ochokera ku Rouen.

Ndiwo omwe adasankha Samuel de Champlain kukhala nthumwi yawo kuti akambirane ndi kugwirizana ndi mafuko a Amwenye. Pamene mzinda wa Quebec unayamba kumangidwa , malonda a furs anayamba kuchitika mmenemo.

Mu 1642, Montreal inakhazikitsidwa - mzinda wa doko, womwe lero ndi waukulu kwambiri m'chigawo cha Quebec cha Quebec. Ndilo chigawo chachikulu kwambiri ku Canada, chomwe chimakhala pafupifupi 17 peresenti ya gawolo. Tikachiyerekeza ndi mayiko a ku Ulaya, ili ndi dera lofanana ndi atatu a ku France.

Province of Quebec

Pakati pa nyanja ya Atlantic ndi chigawo cha Ontario, dziko la Quebec lili ndi 1,542,000 km ² . Ili ndilo chigawo chachiwiri chachikulu cha Canada. Mzinda waukulu kwambiri ndi Montreal, likulu la dziko la Quebec, kunyumba kwa anthu opitirira 700,000.

Chilankhulo chovomerezeka chaderali ndi Chifalansa, chomwe chimaonedwa kuti ndi chiwerengero cha anthu 80% aderali. Ufulu wake wa malamulo oyendetsera dziko ndi awa:

• Kudzisungira malamulo pa malo ndi ufulu wa nzika zawo;
• Kuzipereka mwachilungamo;
• Kuti adzipange maphunziro awo komanso machitidwe awo a zaumoyo.

Ndi ufulu wadziko lapansi, olekanitsa omwe alipo pano amafuna kuti azilekanitsa ku Canada. Mu referendums yomwe inachitikira pa nkhaniyi, mwa mavoti ochuluka mzinda wa Quebec ndi gawo lonse likutsalira mu federation. Mafakitale aakulu omwe amapangidwa m'derali ndi malo osungirako zinthu, madokotala, biotechnology, metallurgy ndi luso lamakono.

Quebec City

Quebec - mzinda wa ku Canada, womwe ndi ofesi ndi chuma cha chigawo cha dzina lomwelo. Gawo lakale la mzindawo liri pamtunda - pamphepete mwachinyanja popachika Mtsinje wa St. Lawrence.

Jean Cartier, yemwe adalengeza kuti mayikowa ndi malo a korona wa ku French, adapatsa dothi kuti "daimondi" chifukwa cha kuikidwa kwa makina ambirimbiri. Kamodzi pa nthawi, malonda a malonda anafalikira kuno kwa zaka 60. Ngakhale alimi ambiri adasiya kulima malowa ndikupita ku "nkhalango zam'mapiri," monga oyendetsa ubweya wotcha pamenepo, mafakitale, zomangamanga, nsalu ndi zojambula zina zomwe zinafalikira ku Quebec.

Chifukwa cha kutsutsidwa kwa Amwenye akumeneko, omwe nthawi zambiri ankamenyana ndi mzinda wa Quebec, chiŵerengero chawo chinakula pang'onopang'ono. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri, chinayamba kuwonjezeka ndi kulimbikitsa, zomwe zinakhudza kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha anthu ochokera ku France omwe anapita ku Canada kufunafuna moyo wabwino.

Lero Quebec ndilo maziko a chitukuko chapamwamba, zokopa alendo komanso malo oyang'anira chigawo chachikulu cha dzikoli.

Gawo lalikulu la mzindawo

Kuyambira momwe amaulendo amaonera, ngakhale kuti ndi okongola, koma masiku ano (mzinda wa Quebec) ndi wosagwedezeka. Malo okondweretsa ali m'madera ake akale.

Gawo lalikulu la mzindawo linakhala katundu wa UNESCO, monga momwe ziliri pano zomwe zasungirako nyumba za graniti zaka 17-18. Pano pali malo otchuka a Frontenac Castle, komwe mungathe kuona mabanki okongola a Mtsinje wa St. Lawrence.

Gawo lakale la mzindawo linagawidwa m'madera awiri ozunguliridwa ndi khoma la mzinda. Bass-Ville ili pansi pa phiri la Diaman ndipo ili ndi msewu wakale wa ku France wodzaza ndi mabotolo ndi makapu. Pomwe iwo unali chigawo cha amalonda ndi amalonda.

Kuchokera ku Ville ndi misewu yake yamakono ndi zomangamanga zikufanana ndi mizinda yakale ya ku Ulaya. Oyendera alendo amayembekezera makasitomala, mahatchi a mumsewu, nyumba zamakono ndi museums. Pakatikati mwa Ot-Ville muli malo achitetezo asanu, omwe ndi aakulu kwambiri ku North America.

Kachisi ya Notre-Dame, yomangidwa mu 1647, imakhala yosangalatsa kwambiri, ndipo mukhoza kugona ku hotelo yokongola "Chateau Frontenac", yomwe ili m'kachisi, yomwe ili chiyambi cha chigwa cha Laura.

Kuchokera kudera lina kupita ku dera mukhoza kupita ku njanji ya funicular.

Upper Quebec

Kukongoletsa kwa mzinda wapamwamba ndi Chateau Frontenac yakale, yomwe yasungira kukongola kwake ndi ulemelero wake mpaka lero. Yomangidwa mwa kalembedwe ka Gothic Renaissance. Zingwe zake ndi makoma akuwonekera kuchokera kulikonse mumzinda.

Nyumbayi ndi yofanana ndi nyumba yachifumu ya apamwamba, ndipo kukonzanso izi mu hotelo yowonongeka kwapangitsa malowa kukhala otchuka kwambiri ndi alendo. Zomangamanga zimatha ndi tapestries zasungidwa bwino kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 1800.

Pambuyo pa hotelo pali dothi la Duferin, pafupi ndi kumene kuli chikumbutso kwa munthu amene anayambitsa Quebec. Mzindawu (zithunzi zimatsimikizira izi) amakumbukira ndikulemekeza mbiri ya Samuel de Champlain, bwanamkubwa woyamba wa chigawochi. Nzika za ku Quebec zimakonda kuyang'ana kuchokera kumtunda kupita ku mabanki okongola a mtsinjewo. Osakongola kwambiri m'boma lapafupi la Park.

Mzinda wa Military Square, kuphedwa ndi kulangidwa kwapadera kunachitika pa Army Square kale. Lero pali nyumba yosungiramo zinyumba zamakono ndi zinyumba za Vera, zopatulira ku ntchito za amishonale achikatolika ku Canada. Kumpoto kumpoto kwa malo, zojambula ndi zojambula zimasonyezedwa ndi ojambula ndi ojambula. Zakudya zapafupi ndi nyumba za m'ma 1800 zikufanana ndi Paris za nthawi imeneyo.

N'zosangalatsa kuchezera mpingo wa Anglican wa Utatu Woyera ndi Monastery of Ursulines.

Mzinda wapansi

Ngati kuchokera kumtunda Duferin mutsika pansi "makwerero akudutsa", mukhoza kufika kumunsi kwa Quebec. Kamodzi pano ndilo malo oyambirira omwe anakhazikitsidwa ndi de Champlain. Linali ndi nyumba zingapo zamatabwa komanso malo osungiramo katundu amene ubweyawo unkasungidwa.

M'tawuni yapafupi pali Montmorency Park ndi Royal Square, yomwe mu 1686 chiphalaphala cha Louis 14 chinayikidwa, m'malo mwa nthawi yathu ndi malo ake.

Chimodzi mwa masewero otchuka kwambiri a malo ano ndi tchalitchi chakale cha Notre-Dame, chomwe chinamangidwa mu 1688 polemekeza kupambana kwa gulu la French ku Britain.

Mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale zamkati ndi zinyumba mungadziwe bwino moyo wa anthu okhala mumzinda wa zaka mazana khumi ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri mphambu zisanu ndi zitatu (17-19). Museum of Civilization ikudzipereka ku ntchito ndi chitukuko cha anthu kuyambira kukhazikitsidwa kwa dziko la France ku Canada.

Citadel

Kumangidwa kwa A French m'chaka cha 1750, malo otetezedwa ndi nyenyezi ankayenera kuteteza anthu ochepa a Quebec omwe adakali ochokera ku Britain. Pamene mzindawu unakula, padali kusowa kwowonjezera nyumbayi, yomwe inachitika mu 1820 ndi British, omwe anali kuyesa kuteteza anthu ku nkhondo ya Amereka.

Lero liri ndi asilikali apamwamba kwambiri ku Canada - a Royal Regiment 22. M'mbuyomo yosungirako zida zapulasitiki ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Pafupi ndi Citadel pali zokopa monga nyumba ya parliament, yomangidwa ndi kalembedwe ka French Renaissance ndi Grand Theatre ku Quebec.

Chikhalidwe cha m'chigawo cha Quebec

Chodabwitsa si mbiri yokha ya dera lino kapena Quebec mwini (mzinda). Nyengo pano ndi yotchuka kwambiri kuposa zomangamanga.

Ali ndi kutentha kwakusintha, nyengo yozizira kwambiri, kuyambira nthawi ya September mpaka April, ndi nyengo yotentha yotentha. Ndi anthu okhala m'chigawo ichi omwe amadziwa kuti "mvula" yamvula, yomwe imagwa pansi, imakhala "yamtengo wapatali" komanso matalala aakulu kapena matalala ang'onoang'ono.

Komanso m'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumadumpha kuchoka ku -30 mpaka +8 madigiri kwa masiku angapo. Zomwe zimadziŵika ndi mphepo za ku Quebec zomwe zimawomba pano nthawi iliyonse ya chaka. Ngati amachepetsa kutentha kotentha m'chilimwe, ndiye kuti zimakhala zovuta kwa iwo kukana m'nyengo yozizira.

Ndicho chifukwa chake akuluakulu a mzindawo amapereka ndalama zomanga nyumba yachinsinsi yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi tunnel kupita ku metro. Tsopano, kuti mupite kuchokera ku ofesi kupita ku malo odyera kapena masitolo, simukusowa kuti mupite ku Windy Quebec. Mzinda, womwe alendo amayembekezera alendo chaka chonse, umapezeka kwa alendo oyendayenda.

Mzinda wa Quebec lero

Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuti alendo azitha kumvetsa, Quebec ndi mzinda wa dziko liti? Chilankhulo cha Chingerezi ku Canada kuli gawo lalikulu lolankhula Chifalansa limene lasungira chikhalidwe ndi chiyambi kuyambira chigawo cha chigawo cha France.

Masiku ano, Montreal ndi Quebec - mizinda ikuluikulu kwambiri m'derali - ndizofunika kwambiri pa malo ndi chikhalidwe chachuma. M'mayiko awa muli mapiri, nkhalango, zilumba ndi matupi 130,000. Dera lolemera kwambiri limeneli linasungidwa osati kwa mbadwa zokha, komanso kwa anthu a ku Canada. M'midzi 50 yomwe ili m'chigawochi, kuli mafuko 11 a ku India. Midzi iliyonse ndi malo oyendera alendo, komwe mungayime ndi "kulowerera" mu moyo wa anthu ammudzi.

Zina zotchuka kwambiri ndi malo osungirako nyama ku Quebec, kumene mungathe kuona moyo wa mbalame zokwana 270.