Mkulu wa Chad - N'Djamena: zojambula, zithunzi, ndemanga

Kwa ambiri a ife, dziko la Africa ndilodziwika bwino ku Egypt ndi Tunisia. Koma pali zina zomwe zimayenera kusamala. Misa yokopa alendo siinapite patsogolo, makampani opititsa patsogolo ntchito zokopa alendo salipo, koma, ngakhale mavuto omwe angabwere, ulendo wopita ku mayikowa udzakhudzidwa bwino. Tikukupemphani kuti mupite ku Chad, dziko la Central Africa. Mkulu wa dziko lino, N'Djamena, wapachiyambi. Yendani pa izo idzakudabwitsani inu. Mu mzinda ndi madera ake pali zinthu zambiri zochititsa chidwi komanso nthawi zina, zomwe zidzakumbukiridwe chifukwa cha moyo.

Malo

Boma la Chad liri ku Central Africa, lozunguliridwa ndi mayiko monga Niger, Cameroon, Nigeria, Libya, Sudan ndi Central African Republic. Palibe zochokera ku nyanja kapena nyanja kuchokera ku Chad. Kumpoto, dziko likuphatikizapo m'chipululu cha Sahara. Pali mitundu yochepa chabe ya madzi pano, ndipo izi ndi nyengo. Kum'mwera kuli mitsinje yaing'ono ndi yaikulu, pali nyanja. Mzinda wa Chad uli kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa dzikoli, m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Shari, pafupi ndi kumene Logon amagwera, pafupi ndi malire ndi Cameroon. Mzindawu uli ndi ndege ya padziko lonse, kotero sizovuta kubwera kuno ku Russia. Visa ndilofunika.

Ulendo wawfupi wa mbiriyakale

Ku Chad, anthu amakhala zaka zikwi zingapo zapitazo. Patsimikiziridwa za izi, fuga la munthu wakale pa Dziko lapansi linapezedwa apa. Kumapeto kwa zaka za XIV, dziko la Borno linakhazikitsidwa pafupi ndi mtsinje wa Shari. Anakhazikitsidwa ndi anthu a Kanem, omwe adathawa atagonjetsedwa ndi dziko lawo ndi mafuko osakhalitsa. Ku Borno, mwa zina, adagulitsa malonda a akapolo. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, adagonjetsedwa ndi mtsogoleri wa asilikali wa Sudan, Rabih-az-Zubair, yemwe adatha kulamulira zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Mu 1900, gawo ili la dzikoli linakopera a French, omwe mothandizidwa ndi zida zowonjezera mphamvu zawo ku Africa. Pambuyo pa mzinda wa Kusseri panachitika nkhondo, chifukwa Rabich anagwidwa ndi kudulidwa mutu. A French anagonjetsa, komanso anawonongeka. Kumbali yawo, mmodzi mwa akuluakulu, François Lamy, anaphedwa. Izi zinachitika pa April 22, ndipo pa May 29 kutsogolo kwa Kusseri, pamtunda wina wa Shari, anaika mwala woyamba wa mzinda watsopano - Fort Lamy. Dzina limeneli linali likulu la Chad kwa zaka 73, ndipo pokhapo linatchedwanso N'Djamena, kutanthauza "malo opumula". Kwa mbiri yake yonse yaifupi, N'Djamena wakhala akuchita nawo nkhondo nthawi zambiri. Chotsatira chinachitika mu 2008. Ndipo ngakhale kuti zonse ziri chete tsopano, ndipo anthu ammudzi ndi abwino komanso amamwetulira, ali nazo zida zambiri m'manja, zomwe ziyenera kuziganizira ndi alendo athu.

Kumene mungakhale

Ntchito zambiri zankhondo osati nyengo yabwino kwambiri zakhala zikuthandiza kuti Chad ikhale imodzi mwa mayiko osauka kwambiri ku Africa. Mzindawu, N'Djamena, ndi mzinda waukulu kwambiri wokhala ndi anthu pafupifupi milioni. Koma ngakhale pano palibe nyumba zamakono zamakono zamakono komanso zamakono zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pamitu yayikulu. Ngakhale ndi mahotela pano, tiyeni tinene, osati wandiweyani. Kwa mzinda wonse muli mahotela angapo okha ndi asanu okha. Zipinda muzipinda zina zimagwirizana ndi gulu la Ulaya "3 nyenyezi" ndikutsika, ndipo mtengo wa chipinda ndi osachepera 100 euro pa usiku. Palinso ma hosteli angapo ku N'Djamena, komwe mitengo imakhala yocheperapo, koma siyikulimbikitsidwa kuti ikhale komweko. Malo a Kempinski, Le Meridien, Le Sakhel amadziwika bwino ndi alendo.

Mphamvu

Mzinda wa Chad, N'Djamena, sungapereke malo odyera oyamba. Koma pakati pa zomwe zilipo kuli ngakhale Chinese, kumene, monga pafupifupi kulikonse mu likulu, iwo amatumikira nkhumba mbale. Kawirikawiri, Chad imaphika zakudya zosiyanasiyana zokoma kuchokera ku mpunga, mbatata, chimanga, chimanga, mapira, manyuchi, nyemba. Makamaka otchuka ndi nsomba za nyama ndi mtsinje, mwachitsanzo, uve, tilapia, okra . Nsomba pano ndi mchere, zouma, kusuta, zokazinga pamakala ndi kuphika mu zonunkhira zowonongeka. Mukhoza kukhala ndi chotukuka osati m'malesitilanti, komanso mumsewu, kumene mumalonda okhwima akuwotcha pa malasha anu omwe mumakonda ndikumakonda ndi msuzi omwe mwasankha. Kukhala ku N'Djamena, ndibwino kuyesa saladi (izo zimayenda bwino mowa), gulu, gumbo msuzi, pasta "maluwa". Chakumwa apa, kulikonse komwe kumadziwika karkade, koma apange ndi condiments osiyanasiyana (sinamoni, vanilla, cloves). Izi zimatchedwa "karkandji". Zamwa mowa ku N'Djamena, mowa wam'deramo ndi wotchuka, womwe sukutumizidwa. Choncho, mungayesere kokha ku Chad. Okonda mavitamini adzakhala ngati chipatso cha zipatso "jus de fruit", momwe, kuwonjezera pa zipatso, pali mkaka ndi cardamom. Kawirikawiri, ku Chad, zipatso zawo zimakula bwino chifukwa cha nyengo yowawa. Makamaka ndi masiku ndi zoumba. Zambiri mwa zina zonse zimatumizidwa, chifukwa mitengo yake ndi yapamwamba kuposa ku Moscow.

Kuyenda mumisewu ya likulu

Mzinda wa Chad, dzina lake N'Djamena analandira kuchokera kumudzi wawung'ono. Zinachitika Pulezidenti Tombalbay, akutsatira mwakhama ndondomeko ya Afrikanization m'dziko. Iye, nayenso, anaphedwa. Tsopano Idris Deby nthawi zonse ali ndi mphamvu pano. Asanayambe kudzilamulira, Chad anali chilumba cha ku France, misewu yambiri ndi malo ankavala maina achi French. Tsopano palibe ambiri mwa iwo, mwachitsanzo, pali Charles De Gaulle Avenue. Iyi ndi imodzi mwa misewu yapakati ndi maboma, mabanki angapo, maofesi atsopano ndi nyumba zamakono zamakono. Ili pafupi ndi dera lozungulira, lomwe liri ndi dzina la Sultan Kasser. Kuwoneka kwa msewu kumakhala kosangalatsa kwambiri, monga pafupifupi nyumba iliyonse chipinda choyamba chimapangidwa ndi mabasiketi, ndiko kuti, zomangidwe zimapatsidwa mawonekedwe a kukwanira. Koma kutali ndi pakati, malingaliro a likulu akukhala okhumudwa. Nyumba zamakono zamakono zimalowetsa malowa akale, ndipo kunja kwake amalowetsedwa ndi nyumba zazing'ono zamkati. Komabe, pakati pa mzinda ndi wokongola. Pano mungathe kuona zojambula ndi zipilala zambiri zosangalatsa, pali mipingo yambiri yomwe inamangidwa mu nthawi ya chikoloni. Okaona nthawi zonse amakondwera ndi ziwisi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapezeka pamisewu nthawi zambiri pamene tili ndi amphaka ndi agalu.

Zogula

Ku N'Djamena, monga ku Chad, palibe metro, trams kapena trolleybuses. Anasunthira kuno pamabasi ndi m'matisi. Ogulitsa amanyamula katundu wawo pamatolisi akuluakulu, kotero malo ogulitsira okha angayambe kulikonse. Amagwira ntchito ngakhale usiku. Anthu awa akugona pano, pamsewu, akumanga okha bedi la makatoni mabokosi. M'masitolo akuluakulu ndi masitolo a katundu wamtengo wapatali amalowa kunja ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri. Choncho, kugula mukhoza kulangiza misika. Chigawo chapakati chimaphatikizidwanso mndandanda wa zochitika zomwe likulu la Chad limadzitamanda. Chithunzicho chimakoka nsomba yapamtunda pamsika. Ndizo phokoso, zonyansa ndipo mungathe kulumikizana. Kuchokera mu nthawi zamakoloni ku Chad, chinenero cha boma ndi Chifalansa. Choncho, alendo omwe ali nawo alibe vuto lililonse polumikizana. Kuwonjezera pa Chifalansa, N'Djamena amalankhulidwa m'Chiarabu, komanso m'zinenero zambiri, koma Chichewa sichikondedwa apa. Pamsika wamkati wa zochitika, masks ndi zina zoterezi ndi pafupifupi palibe. Ku Great Market (kapena Grand March), kuti kutsutsana ndi mzikiti, ndi zabwino izi ndi zabwino. Palinso msika wina waung'ono womwe umayendera alendo omwe ali mumzindawu. Ali panjira yopita ku eyapoti. Pano, mungathe kugula ma exotics aku Africa monga ma statuettes, masks, mitundu yonse ya zamisiri, zibangili ndi zinthu zina.

The Museum

Mzinda wa Chad ulibe zokopa zambiri m'dera lawo. Nyuzipepala ya National Museum mwina ndi yofunika kwambiri. Ili pafupi ndi wakale kwambiri mu mzinda ndipo pafupi nthawizonse tchalitchi chatsekedwa, chotsutsana ndi chiyambi cha nyumba ndi zojambula zachilendo. Nyumba yomanga nyumbayi ndi yosakondweretsa kunja. Uwu ndiwo malo oyang'anira ntchito mumzindawu. Pansi pa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale munatembenuzidwa mu 1963. Pakhomo pano mungathe kugula bukhu la nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, chifukwa n'kosatheka kujambula zojambulazo. Zina mwazo zimakhala ndi zipangizo zambiri zapanyumba zomwe zimakhala ndi anthu a katolika komanso a chikale chokoloni, mafupa omwe amapezeka pofufuzira nyama, zinthu zina, zidutswa za miyala yakale ya anthu a ku Africa omwe ali achikulire, zinthu zambiri zosiyana siyana m'magulu a anthu, tuba, zagawa. Pafupi ndi nyumba yosungirako zinthu zakale ndi Place de la Nation ndi dongosolo losangalatsa modabwitsa la chikumbukiro cha omenyera ufulu wa dziko. Koma alendo akunja samayenda nthawi zonse.

Great Mosque

N'Djamena, likulu la Chad, ndi mzinda umene anthu ambiri amadziwika kuti ndi Chisilamu. Mu 1978, mothandizidwa ndi akatswiri a ku France, anamanga Great Mosque, yomwe inakhala chizindikiro cha mzindawo. Ili pafupi ndi Soko Lalikulu ndi apolisi. Kunja kumangidwe kwa mzikiti kulibe chachilendo ndi zosayembekezereka, koma kwa okhulupirira izi ndizofunikira kwambiri mumzindawu.

Zosungirako malo ndi mapaki

Zithunzi zochepa chabe zingasangalatse likulu. Chad ndi dziko limene lidzakondweretsa kwambiri anthu a ku Ulaya kuyang'ana zachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe chosiyana cha anthu a ku Africa. Choncho malo okondweretsa kwambiri ali kunja kwa likulu. Ulendo wapadera ungapangidwe ku malo osungira "Binder-Lere" (Binder-Lere), omwe ali pafupi ndi Ndjamena. Ndiyenera kunena kuti madera apa akuyesedwa mazana mazana makilomita. Mwachitsanzo, pamaso pa "Binder-Leray" pafupi makilomita 300 molunjika. Mu malo mungathe kuona mathithi, nyanja ziwiri (Trene ndi Leray), mbalame ndi zomera zambiri.

Malo achiwiri, omwe angayendere, ndi Mandelia, ndipo amafunanso kudziwa za chilengedwe chake. Chachitatu ndi Bahr Salamat. Koma isanakhale pafupifupi 800 km. Koma pambali pake pali malo achiwiri ofunika kwambiri kuzilumba zachilengedwe ku Chad - "Zakuma", kumene mungathe kuwona pafupi ndi njovu zosaoneka bwino, njuyala, mikango, ndi nyama zina zambiri. Choyandikira kwambiri, makilomita 550 okha, paki ya "Manda", yosavomerezeka kwambiri ndi alendo. Ndipo ngati simukufuna kupita kutali, mukhoza kugula kuyenda mumtsinje wa Shari, mumakondwera ndi ng'ona ndi mvuu, kupita ku miyala ya Elephant Rock, kukumbukira njovu.

Mizinda ndi Mizinda

Mkulu wa dziko la Chad (Ndjamena) ndi mzinda waung'ono. Koma oyendayenda amafuna kuwona zakale. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupita kumatawuni oyandikira. Mzinda wokongola kwambiri ndi wokongola kwambiri ndi mzinda wa Abéché, womwe umachokera ku Ndjamena makilomita 600. Mzindawu ndi wodabwitsa kwambiri pomangamanga, mzikiti, nyumba yachifumu ya Sultan. Palinso ndege yam'deralo, kotero ngati mukufuna kupita msanga. Mzinda wa Sakh, womwe uli pamtunda wa makilomita 500 kuchokera ku likulu la dzikoli, uli wokondweretsa ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale komanso kuti malo ambiri okhalapo ali pafupi. Mudzi wa Gauja uli pafupi kwambiri, makilomita 10 okha kuchokera ku likulu. Zikuoneka kuti zimphona zinakhala pano. Tsopano m'mudzi muno mukhoza kuona nyumba zachilendo zozungulira, komanso malo osungiramo zinthu zakale, omwe anaikidwa pano pambuyo pofukula zinthu zakale.

Ndemanga

Kwa kanthawi tidziwa za alendo omwe ali pafupi ndi Tchad. Mkulu wa dziko la N'Djamena, anthu ochepa okha omwe amadziwa. Ngati mungapeze ichi choyambirira ndi chosiyana ndi dera lina lililonse, musanayambe ulendo wanu muyenera kupanga inoculations - kuchokera ku kolera, matenda a hepatitis A ndi B, malungo, diphtheria, chifuwa chachikulu, typhoid, tetanasi, meningitis ndi poliomyelitis. Makhalidwe a kukhala ku Chad, omwe amakondweretsedwa ndi alendo:

• Ndizosatheka kulipira ndi makadi a ngongole, pokhapokha ndi ndalama. Ndalama ya Chad ndi franc (XAF).
• Chifukwa cha malingaliro apadera a anthu a Chad, ayenera kukumbukira kuti kujambula kuno ngakhale mumzindawu sikulandiridwa. Ammudzi amakhulupirira kuti kamera imachotsa mphamvu, thanzi, moyo ndi zina zotero, kuti mutha kukhala ndi mavuto aakulu.
• Madzi ochokera pamphepete si abwino ngakhale kutsuka, ndizowona, sitingathe kumwa.
• Tiyeni tingonena kuti nyengo ya dera lomwe N'Djamena ilibe. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, kuzungulira +45 mumthunzi komanso popanda mvula, m'nyengo yozizira sikumsika kuposa +22 ndipo ndi mvula yamkuntho, koma mvula yamkuntho.

Ndipo mwinamwake ulendo wopita kudziko lachilendowu umangokhala ndi maganizo abwino.