Mphamvu mayunitsi kwa makompyuta: opanga pamwamba, makhalidwe, malamulo kusankha

Kugula kompyuta anthu kutali ndi luso, makamaka okha malingaliro a "khadi", "purosesa" ndi "chikumbukiro". Komabe, pa magetsi pazifukwa zina, kumbukirani mu kukhota lomaliza. Ndipo pamene izo zifika, nthawi zambiri, kuti anthu okhometsa akuyesetsa kusunga ngati kuli kotheka pa izo, aganyali zigawo zina za PC.

"Ziri bokosi, kudyetsa mphamvu. Ngakhale ena adzatsika, Chofunika, mulole izo zikhale wamphamvu ndi mtengo "- njira zachilendo, ndipo kunena zoona, zoopsa. Mwatsoka, izo zimaonekera kokha pamene anasonkhana kompyuta. Mwayi ngati iye akuyamba. Doubly mwayi, ngati ntchito ndi khola ndipo palibe zosayembekezereka. Ndipo izo ziyenera kukhala osangalala, ngati deshovenky magetsi ku mapeto kulephera mu miyezi ingapo, "anakokera" kwa onse a zigawo zikuluzikulu kuti mwanjira amapereka mphamvu.

Koma kwenikweni izi zitha zimatsimikizira apamwamba amapereka mphamvu kwa makompyuta, alimi pamwamba amene molimba anapitiriza malo abwino. Choncho, waluso mankhwala kusankha, amene Ndipotu ntchito iliyonse chidutswa cha phindu lake, imangokhala yokha wogula, kumene ayenera kudziwa makhalidwe chachikulu cha magetsi ndi kumvetsa zomwe wa opanga kwenikweni odalirika.

Mphamvu ya dongosolo lonse

Ichi ndi zazikulu kolowera chipangizo, wosuta ndi chidwi mu malo oyamba. Pamene inu kusankha ambiri zambiri anataya mawu a Watts, zimene zimapereka mphamvu zonse kompyuta. Kusowa mphamvu zinadzala njira wosakhazikika opareshoni (ngakhale kupitirira ake kuyamba-mmwamba). Komano, zosafunika mphamvu magetsi adzachititsa manyazi kwambiri kwa bajeti, amene akanatha kupewa.

PC mowa mphamvu pa nkhani iliyonse kuti masamu payekha, zochokera kuika chomaliza cha zigawo zikuluzikulu. Musaiwale kuti mu nkhani iyi BP iyenera kukhala wochepa mphamvu okwanira mu osiyanasiyana 20-25% ya mowa mphamvu ongolankhula. Pakuti kuwerengetsera izi the web pali ambiri toŵerengera apadera. Yolondola kwambiri (ndipo choncho otchuka pakati pa anthu) Chinthu ozizira bwino Master Mphamvu Wonjezerani Kakuleta. Imakhala owerenga ndi mitundu iwiri basi ntchito:

• Kuweta - ndi mode kuti amalola novice aliyense mu phunziro la hardware kompyuta kuwerengera chofunika magetsi mphamvu, kusonyeza yekha ntchito ambiri PC.
• Katswiri - mode owerenga patsogolo ndi mwaphamphu okonda kompyuta. Timatha ndi mawerengedwe amaganizira mbali zochepetsetsa onse ndi intricacies a dongosolo.

Kuwonjezera pa mphamvu okwana, m'pofunika kulabadira panopa kuti amapulumutsa 12V mzere. Ndi njira yaikulu ya mowa mphamvu kompyuta. Mwachitsanzo, magetsi AeroCool KCAS 600W pa 12V umabala zosakwana mphambu ake okwana - 540 Watts. A apamwamba khalidwe mankhwala pa kampani Khalani chete! pansi pa dzina la Mphamvu Zone 650W kale angathe 648 Watts pa mzere womwewo. Iyi ndi mbiri bwino ndipo ataimirira mwachibadwa zodula.

Ndi pa angapezeke uku ndi ayenera kudalira mwa kusankha kwawo. Ndipotu amene sadzachita manyazi pamene zithunzi khadi, cholinga kwa mphamvu mlingo wa 12V mzere, pamene olumikizidwa kwa magetsi analandira chosiyana, zambiri otsika? Kumene, kusokonekera ntchito GPU - izo ndi yabwino angayembekeze zimenezo.

Mlingo Mwachangu

gwero aliyense angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana: kwinakwake ndi mchitidwe wabwino, ndi zina kuononga kwambiri kumabweretsa zina ndalama. Ziri chimodzimodzi ndi mayunitsi magetsi - mofanana mphamvu mlingo akhoza kudyedwa ndi osiyana a dzuwa. Mwachangu mkulu chipangizo umakhudza lonse ntchito lonse:

• Zomveka mowa mphamvu. Cheap mphamvu katundu makompyuta, alimi pamwamba omwe nthawi zambiri anaikidwa pansi pa msika, nthawi zonse kuchimwa Mwachangu otsika. Kulandira magetsi maukonde, magetsi dissipates mbali zina za mu mawonekedwe a kutentha, kale kupereka aang'ono ndalama zimene poyamba chidatengedwa. zipangizo Cheap kutaya njira iyi prohibitively mbali yaikulu ya magetsi.
• Ndi kuchepetsa madyaidya ndikuledzera yafupika ndi Kutentha a PSU lapansi. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti chete ntchito dongosolo lake kuzirala.
• Ang'onoang'ono kutentha kwambiri zokulitsa moyo utumiki wa magetsi.

Mkulu Mwachangu - chizindikiro cha ntchito zomveka wa Elektroresurs chimene aliyense wa ife amalipira ndalama. Kuti mlingo wokwana wa dzuwa kwenikweni chofunika Mkhalidwe mchitidwe m'munsi unit.

Mlingo wa dzuwa chifukwa amapereka mphamvu anatsimikiza mtima umodzi muyezo mayiko 80 KUPHATIKIZAPO. Iwo agawidwa classifications zingapo:

• Mkuwa - 81-85%.
• Silver - 85-89%.
• Gold - 88-92.
• Platinum - 91-94%.
• Titaniyamu - 94-96%.

Ambiri, zofunika masanjidwe kompyuta ndi kaperekedwe ka chitsulo pakati gawo mtengo udzakhala wokwanira kuti ndigwire chitsimikizo nduna 80 KUPHATIKIZAPO Mkuwa. Magawo wamphamvu kwambiri choncho udzafunidwa bwino njira ndi Silver-Gold. Eni kasinthidwe pamwamba mapeto bwino kuyang'ana mbali ya Platinum kapena titaniyamu, ngati zikufunika pachimake kwa dongosolo Mwachangu pazipita.

Pewani kusankha zitsanzo amene m'malo chitsimikizo ofunda akuyesera kuti zikope tcheru deta ena (monga 85 KUPHATIKIZAPO, «pang'ono zizigwirizana 80 KUPHATIKIZAPO Gold», etc.). mankhwala amapulumutsa ndi ntchito woonamtima, kungakupatseni kuti mbiri yabwino ndi imodzi mwa mfundo zisanu. Ndipo amene sangathe kugwira kumapeto, ngati zimene Mlengi, nthawizonse kulowa msika ndi zosiyanasiyana malonda zidule kwa m'zikwama ogula.

bata Ndithudi

Kuwonjezera awa kale 12V, chifukwa mphamvu kompyuta kukumana mizere iwiri more: 3,3V ndi 5V. Kuwamata onse voteji chofunika - ndi theka okha ntchitoyo. Nkofunika kulisunga malire yovomerezeka pa lonse kuthamanga nthawi. Kuthekera Izi zimatengera mtundu wa kudzazidwa mkati ndi magetsi.

Malinga ndi muyezo wa mayiko EPS 2,91 Voteji kulolerana ndi:

mzere	osachepera	wakudziko	Max.
+ 3.3V	+3,14	+3,30	+3,47
+ 5V	+4,75	+5,00	+5,25
-12V	-10,80	-12,00	-13,20

Pakuti 3,3V ndi 5V mizere ndi kusinthasintha zolandirika +/- 5%. Kwa 12V analola kanjedza pang'ono apamwamba - +/- 10%.

amapereka mphamvu ndi wotchipa mchitidwe m'munsi ndi kungoti amalephera kusonyeza Zotsatira kwa EPS 2,91. Ndipo izi zidalira pa ntchito PC wonse. Zolakwika pansipa pakhomo chosankhika cha 5-10% ndithu kutsogolera zolakwa zonse ndi reboots lachibadwa. Makamaka ngati CPU kapena zithunzi khadi akukumana katundu wolemera Mwachitsanzo, masewera ndi ntchito akatswiri.

Overvoltage kuchokera mwadzina muyezo kumatanthauza kutenthedwa kwa BS ndi transducers pa mipata mavabodi kukula. Pamene avale kwambiri moti tcheru circuitry HDDs, zikubweretsa cholephera oyambirira.

Yofunika kwambiri ndi ankaimba ndi chizindikiro monga osiyanasiyana athandizira voteji. Mu mayunitsi ochiritsira mtengo ndi 200-240V. Koma msika komanso options pa 100-240V wamba. Omalizira apereke mmalo zikuluzikulu - muyezo waukulu osiyanasiyana amaonetsetsa moyo wautali chipangizo pa malfunctions zosiyanasiyana mains lapansi.

Loss kapena kuwonjezeka kotunga voteji sadzachititsa ndi PSU mu chikhalidwe vuto. Kumene, nayenso, si inshuwaransi chosavuta njira zina mtengo.

Aliyense wosuta mpofunikila kukayendera chidwi chilichonse BP lachitsanzo ndemanga ndi mayesero, amene chaulere. Iwo m'pofunika kufufuza nkhani ndi m'mabuku osachepera 2-3, kutenga nkhani ndi kasitomala ndemanga, ngati aliyense. Potsiriza adzakhala chithunzi chonse ndipo zinthu mwanzeru - kusankha magetsi ndalama zake kapena ayi.

Sewerolo

Ndiko kulondola, pamene mphamvu malo chikukwanira dongosolo ndi kusungitsa. Chabwino, ngati voteji pa mizere onse alibe olumpha malire chovomerezeka. Koma pamene izo zifika kulongosola mphamvu kufala kwa chipangizo zida, ndi mwala wapangodya wa ndondomeko lonse limakhala pinout kompyuta mphamvu kotunga Unit (kapena kungoti ya zingwe, zomwe zinkabweretsa ku zigawo otsala PC).

Ku kulekanitsidwa mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu. Choyamba - EATX 24pin, anafuna kuti kotunga mavabodi mphamvu. Chachiwiri - 12V, kuyang'anira purosesa chakudya. Pakuti motherboards ochiritsira muyenera kuti 4pin-Baibulo. Komabe, nthawi ndi kuthandiza overclocking kuti kuchuluka mphamvu, amene kale gawo pa 8pin (kapena 4 + 4pin).

Complete ndi pinouts zofunika chingwe aliyense kotunga kompyuta mphamvu zikuphatikizapo ena owonjezera:

• PCI-E.
• SATA.
• Zimakupiza zolumikizira.
• Molex.

chiwerengero chawo zingasiyane malingana ndi chitsanzo enieni PD. Onetsetsani kuti mankhwala ali ndi kutalika bwino ndipo chiwerengero cha zingwe wofunikila kompyuta wake amafunila. Imeneyi kumatha zofufuza mwadzidzidzi yophunzitsa zina ndi adaputala azamagetsi.

Pomaliza, onetsetsani kulabadira pamaso pa onse chitetezo madera asanu PD zochitika mwadzidzidzi:

• OCP (Pa Current Protection) - kutetezeka overcurrent.
• OVP (Pa Voteji Protection) - chitetezo mkulu okwanira voteji.
• UVP (Pansi Voteji Protection) - chitetezo kotunga undervoltage.
• SCP (Short Dera Protection) - chitetezo yochepa dera.
• OTP (Pa Kutentha Protection) - chitetezo kutenthedwa.
• OPP (Pa Mphamvu Protection) - zimamuchulukira chitetezo.

kachitidwe chitetezo zochepa - wamkulu chiopsezo kudziwa za magetsi mu utumiki vuto la mphamvu majeure.

Nanga bwanji chitonthozo mu ntchito?

Umene, pamene mu msonkhano pansi mkono sikusokoneza waya zina ndi zolumikizira. More omasuka zosavuta unsembe ndi cabling lingapereke mitundu chipika yodziyimira payokha, mwachitsanzo anthu imene thupi zotheka unfasten zigawo sinadzatengedwe ndi achibale.

Ndi bwino kusankha osachepera zitsanzo zimenezo zimene zili ndi ozizira 120 mm. Komabe, pali zambiri zimene mungachite, ndi zina zambiri, umene chopeleka dongosolo kuzirala dzuwa. Zilibe kuwawa kupeza webusaiti Mlengi, amene ntchito zimakhudza mtundu. Ndi zofunika kupewa mayendedwe mikangano - iwo ali wamng'ono cholimba ndi bwino kuyamba kupanga phokoso patapita nthawi zina ntchito. Yabwino yothetsera lamayimbidwe ndi kukhalapo "aluntha kusintha" zimakupiza liwiro, kulola kuti monga konse mpaka wina kutentha pakhomo.

Pomaliza, mawonekedwe Chinthu ya magetsi wagawo ayenera kukhala abwino thupi limene izo aikidwa. ogula zikuchitika kwambiri analenga pansi pa mtundu ATX.

German khalidwe ku Khalani chete

Kukhazikika msika kwa nthawi yaitali kutsatira mfundo zina. amapereka mphamvu Cheap kwa makompyuta, amene alimi pamwamba pa kutsogolo - osati kuposa nkhambakamwa kapena wina kukomeza malonda. Izi kwathunthu zikusonyeza mankhwala onse a German mtundu umafunika Khalani chete, anapambana ambiri ndithu mphoto ndi kutchuka ku msika. Aliyense mndandanda wa mayunitsi magetsi zili ndi mitundu yonse ya protections, kanjedza awo anati nthawi anatsimikizira mu mchitidwe mu ndemanga ambiri ndi ogula chete ntchito mankhwala zodabwitsa wosangalatsa chaka.

Makamaka, patsogolo luso buku PC Games hardware (Germany) kwa nthawi chinayi mu mzere mphoto mtundu aulemu mutu "wopanga pa Chaka" mu gulu la amapereka mphamvu. Imadziwika mabwalo m'dera Hardwareluxx ammudzi ndi chaka chachinayi amapereka Germany winanso. Komanso, nthawi zonse kuwerenga ndemanga lachitatu chipani ndi mayesero, natsimikiza quality, kudalirika ndi ntchito chete a kampani ino.

Seasonic - olimba udindo pa msika ndi zinachitikira olimba

Ndi mpikisano mwachindunji kwa mtundu German katundu mwaluso kwambiri, wangobwera kuchokera Taiwan, ndi maofesi ambiri dera ku Ulaya, USA, Japan ndi mbali zina za dziko. Linakhazikitsidwa ndi akatswiri zaka 40 zapitazo, khamu poyamba anaonekera yekha kuti atchule dziko zothetsera apamwamba zina zamakono kuti adzayamikiridwa ndi misa.

Zamgululi SeaSonic ogaŵikana angapo ambiri, aliyense amene kupereka waika osiyana mbali kuti zigwirizane ndi bajeti iliyonse. Only moona wotchipa zipangizo Taiwanese komanso sapereka. Ndipo ambiri matamando ambiri ndemanga pa zosiyanasiyana mabuku kutsimikizira kuti pachabe.

amapereka mphamvu DeepCool - phunziro bwino chitukuko bajeti gawo

China - iyi si nthawi zonse stereotypical zonyansa khalidwe mankhwala padziko lonse mafakitale. Akatswiri ku China molimba kugonjetsa malo apamwamba mu msika dziko chifukwa cha kuchuluka ndi amasokoneza zakubala. Choncho akadali kutsindikiza osati zingakweze ndi Tags mtengo mmodzi dzina mtundu.

Bright ano Mwachitsanzo - kampani DeepCool, kupereka mayunitsi angakwanitse kwa makompyuta Mphamvu kunawerengedwa kufunika kwa layman lapansi. Popeza penipeni mu 1996, Chinese anapatsidwa angapo atolankhani Kuphunzira. Popular mabuku Tom hardware, 3D uthenga, Techpowerup si koyamba kampani kupereka malikisi apamwamba ndi mphoto kake.

Total DeepCool PSU akuimira mndandanda angapo, omwe ali magulu mphamvu, voteji olimba, kachitidwe chitetezo. The mtengo Pankhaniyi amakhalabe pa mlingo mosavuta kuposa cha Akhristu ku mpikisano.

Amene akadali lero kuonekera munda wa gawo sing'anga-mtengo?

Msika wamakono kwenikweni wolemera zosiyanasiyana amapereka mphamvu kwa makompyuta. Muyezo wa alimi nthawi yomweyo si yofanana. Ndipo si mtengo wa mfundo akatswiri malonda. Chinthu zikuluzikulu nthawizonse amasokoneza, komanso chifukwa chodya ake kwa anthu ambiri. Ngati mulibe ndalama zokwanira kupanga gawo pamwamba-yotsiriza, inu nthawi zonse kupeza wamakhalidwe zina mu mtengo pakati osiyanasiyana.

Kuti gawo lalikulu la PC bajeti zoweta yatenganso Zalman mphamvu okwanira - mmodzi wa okondedwa yamphamvu mwa misa. Korea South mtundu wa zaka 17 linakhalapo wakhala anatha kukula mu bungwe dziko kalasi, kuphimba kwambiri za IT-dera. Masewero kiyibodi, mbewa, chete thupi, dongosolo chete kuzirala - ndi tsankho mndandanda wa zomwe kampaniyo amadziwika pa dziko lonse lapansi. Mu zaka zochita zake mphamvu iliyonse Zalman kotunga - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ofuna Woyamba unsembe mu dongosolo Masewero bajeti. Timadziwa kuti kuti udindo uwu mwadzina katundu Korea South akhala bwino osati chifukwa chimodzi chokha wa kampani malonda.

Ponena za midadada FSP Gulu magetsi, onetsetsani kuona mtengo wa muyezo yabwino ya wachibale khalidwe ndi maonekedwe pafupifupi. Taiwanese wopanga zingakondweretse assortment lalikulu ija, kumene kunali malo monga pamwamba "pulatinamu" zochita, ndipo bajeti "mkuwa". FSP - wachisanu waukulu magetsi wopanga mu dziko. mankhwala ake anayamikira osati mabwalo Masewero, komanso zopangidwa ena odziwika. Choncho, njira kampani ntchito chimodzimodzi Zalman, Thermaltake, Antec.

Nthawi zambiri, pofuna kupulumutsa ogwiritsa kusankha wotchipa wagawo AeroCool chakudya kwambiri pamene modalira zabwino kwambiri ndi mlingo kwambiri wa ntchito. Zoonadi, khamu ndi chidwi mankhwala kwa ndalama zochepa. Koma ngati izo zifika KCAS pamwamba zino. VP ndi VX ndi yowopsa kwambiri kompyuta, amene mwachindunji zimaonekera mtengo opatsidwa otsika.

Osati amasonyeza zoipa yokha pa msika, kampani Thermaltake. amapereka mphamvu amakambirana lonse n'kupanga kuganiza zabwino, osachepera ofunika mosamala. Kugwiritsa chitukuko mphamvu zawo makampani ena, Thermaltake watsimikizira mpikisano ake mu msika ndi mphoto zambiri. gawo la mikango pa zinthu zonse khamu wa kalasi mtengo Hi-End. Koma zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti sakupereka mungachite chidwi kwa ndalama zambiri wodzichepetsa (makamaka, mndandanda wa Anzeru DPS G ndi TR2).