Monga nyanja kupanga? Pezani chifukwa chake nyanja anapanga

Kodi zabwino, patapita mlungu ntchito yocheza mlungu kwinakwake kunja kwa mzinda mwa nyanja, kutali amangokhala ali pikitipikiti mzinda. Pakuti ambiri, izi chibwana - mbali ya holide. Koma anthu kwenikweni mudziwa kupanga nyanja, iwo akhoza kukhala zothandiza, koma kodi nthawi zina wavulala?

ndi nyanja chiyani?

Lake - ndi chatsekedwa maganizo pansi kumene kuda pansi ndi madzi pamwamba kuti musakhale asanduke nthunzi. Chotero recess ndi amatchedwa nyanja beseni. Pa chiyambi cha nyanja onse anawagawa tectonic, mtsinje (akale akazi), m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kulephera, mobisa.

Ndi amenewa kusiyanitsa atsopano (Baikal), brackish madzi (oponderamo) ndi nyanja mchere (Chad). Onse matupi a madzi kungakhale kungotaya nyanjayi motere chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa mitsinje; otaya - mitsinje angapo kuyenda mu nyanja, ndipo chimodzi kapena zingapo - uyenda; undrained - mitsinje ikuyenda m'nyanja yekha.

Kudzaza Madamu kumachitika chifukwa mpweya (mvula, matalala) kapena kudzera pansi. Nyanja komanso chakudya akhoza kusakaniza.

Maminolo zikuchokera nyanja ndi carbonate, sulphate ndi mankhwala enaake.

Monga nyanja anapanga?

Ambiri mwa nyanja ya dziko lathuli - chiyambi tectonic, ndiye zinapangidwa ku matendawa, yaikulu ku matanthwe a Dziko Lapansi kapena kugawanika kotereku kumachitika (tectonic fissures). The pansi pa nyanja ali ndondomeko waukali ndiponso ali pansi pa nyanja. magombe ake ataphimbidwa ndi thanthwe zovuta, bwino amenable limakokoloka. Onse a nyanja kuya anapanga chifukwa cha wovulala matanthwe a.

matupi ambiri a madzi analandira, ndi chifukwa cha njira Geological (weathering, kukokoloka, ntchito glacial). Pakati pawo, ambiri - glacial nyanja m'zigwa ndi m'mapiri, komanso kulephera, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha miyala thawing lapansi. Madamu oterowo mawonekedwe zozungulira. Iwo ali wamfupi ndi kuya.

Zivomezi ndi kugumuka kusiya nyanja anapanga, amene angathe kugawa pa zigwa za mitsinje. Pali nyanja ndi zigwa za mitsinje. Izi otchedwa nyanja oxbow. Za momwe anapanga oxbow nyanja akhoza adzaweruzidwa ndi yaitali magwiridwe a mtsinje. Ngati nyengo youma - anachokera njira alluvial nyanja, zomwe ndi unyolo kutambasula kwa mazana makilomita. Koma pamene akungoyendayenda njira ya ankadziwana anapanga nyanja.

nyanja Baikal

Nyanja Baikal - pa nyanja kuya pa dziko. mozama ake pazipita ndi 1642 Km, ndi okwera ukufika 460 m.

maphunziro Nyanja Baikal anali chifukwa cha zolakwa zazikulu crustal. Baikal ndi mwachirengedwe ili mu Russia, kumalire a dziko la Buryatia ndi Irkutsk dera. M'dera la posungira ndi 31722 Km. Mu Baikal imagwera mitsinje oposa mazana atatu ndi mitsinje, amene Selenga, Turka, Snow, Surma. Mtsinje wina umayenda mwa Ankara. Choncho, Baikal - ngalande nyanja.

Baikal madzi abwino ndiponso. Miyala Tingaone ngakhale pa akuya mamita 40! Kuchuluka kwa mchere mu nyanja ang'ono, madzi angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati otchezedwa.

Nyengo Baikal - ozizira. Zima ndi wofatsa ndi chilimwe - ozizira. Iwo amakhala ku Nyanja oposa 2,600 oimira zomera zosiyanasiyana ndi nyama, ambiri amene ali khalidwe chabe la nyanjayi.

Age nyanja, asayansi anatsimikiza mu zaka miliyoni 25-35. Chiyambi cha dzina ndi chosadziwika. Koma Turkic - Baikal (Bai-Kul) - wolemera nyanja, ndi choona angatsutse.

Magwero a m'madambo a

Dambo - mbali ya dziko, yodziwika ndi chinyezi mkulu ndi acidity. M'madera ena, ataima kapena mobisa madzi subsoil kubwera pamwamba, koma "musakhale" kwa nthawi yaitali. dambo zonse zimachitika m'njira ziwiri:

1. nthaka waterlogging.
2. Overgrowing nyanja.

Ndi mtundu wa chithaphwi zomera anawagawa nkhalango, chitsamba, udzu ndiponso ndere. bogs mpumulo kungakhale mosabisa, otukukira kunja kapena chimauma. Kwa ena bogs peat yodziwika ndi mapangidwe (akufa, koma osati lisanathe zomera linakwiriridwa). Peat ntchito monga chuma kuyaka, ndi mankhwala (matope) ndi mafakitale.

Ngati ife kulankhula za mmene kupanga nyanja ndi zithaphwi, wachiwiri - ndi ndondomeko ya kusanduka choyamba. Shelving sludge pang'onopang'ono kumabweretsa kuipitsidwa ndi shallowing la nyanja, potero kubala fens wolemera amadzimadzi chakudya.

Mtengo wa madambo

M'madambo - lofunika zachilengedwe cholowa. Mwachibadwa zovuta, amene ali kunyumba kwa mitundu yosowa ya nyama ndi zomera.

More zofala onse dambo Titafika pamalo, nkhalango ndi nkhalango - m'madera ndi chinyezi kwambiri, kumene mvula kuposa evaporation.

m'madambo onse anawagawa m'zigwa, zomwe zili ndi Transitional. Fens imayambira ndi pansi, kukwera - mpweya. Kusintha mires - gawo pakati pa awiri mitundu m'mbuyomu.

The zomera za m'madambo ndi wamtengo wapatali kwambiri anthu. Lingonberries, cranberries, cloudberries, mlombwa - zipatso, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. zomera zambiri kwa madambo ndi ntchito popanga mafutawa ndi mafakitale.

M'madambo - gwero lofunika pa mitsinje chakudya. Madamu kwambiri kunayamba chifukwa cha m'madambo a. M'madambo - chachiwiri pambuyo nkhalango "mapapo" a dziko. Iwo akonzanso wa carbon dioxide ndi kutulutsa mpweya.

zinsinsi za nyanja ya

Padziko Lapansi, munthu angalandire oposa zana nyanja za zinsinsi zimene nthano lero.

Mwachitsanzo, Lake Imfa, limene lili mu Italy, mmodzi yekha dzina mantha. Momuzungulira kulibe msipu, ndi madzi - mbalame. Kusambira mu nyanja ndikoletsedwa, ndipo kunalibe aliyense akufuna, chifukwa mwa iwo - ndi mkulu wa ndende asidi sulfuric.

Akuti nyanja nthenda kanthu mu Alatau. madzi ake oyera ndi abwino, koma palibe zamoyo musati mizu m'nyanja. Ndi zonse kanthu.

Alonda ndipo Kazakhstan nyanja yotchedwa Dead. Mu izo zonse namiza anthu. Pamene thupi si tiwolokere, koma ngati munakhala pansi pa nyanja mu malo woongoka mozondoka.

nthano zambiri osati nyanja, komanso anthu awo. Aliyense akudziwa Loch mwe, kumene mogwirizana ndi mboni, amakhala chilombo owoneka ngati chinjoka. Osati chabe zachilendo chachikulu nsomba ndi khosi lalitali ndi mutu waung'ono anawona. Pakuti mudziwe atsopano pachibwenzi 2007. Choonadi kapena phindu - potsiriza zatsimikiziridwa.

Kodi nyanja anapanga, aliyense si chinsinsi, koma zinthu zachirendo kuti adzaze kuya awo, ali chinsinsi, ngakhale asayansi ...

mawu ochepa A za nyanja ya Russia

Mu Russia, nyanja oposa mamiliyoni awiri, omwe amasunga chinsinsi. Kuyambira kale, madzi chidwi anthu ake katundu monga mankhwala ndi wakupha. Choncho n'zosadabwitsa kuti ambiri mwa nthano onse chikugwirizana ndi nyanja.

Imodzi ooneka ndi mantha wake nyanja mystique Svetloyar. madzi ake akhoza kusungidwa kwa zaka zingapo, pa nthawi yomweyo sasiya katundu wake. Nyanja oyandikana ndi woyera kwambiri. Pa madzi kaŵirikaŵiri amawonekera zonyenga zachilendo, nthawizina - ndi UFO. Kuchokera pansi pa dziwe zambiri kumva phokoso lachilendo, ngati mukulephera mabelu. Akuti pansi pa nyanja Svetloyarsky m'manda mzinda wakale wa Kitezh, amene anapita pansi pa madzi pa nthawi yatsoka wa khamu la Batu Khan.

Pali nyanja angapo mu Russia, amene mphekesera kukhala chikhalidwe cha Loch mwe chilombo. nkhani zachilendo za chinjoka-abuluzi tikukhala mu nyanja Brosno. Padziko thovu mpweya anawona am'deralo kolakwika kwa chilombo kupuma m'madzi. Komabe, pali tsatanetsatane - lawola chuma pansi nyanja, omwe pamwamba. Zinsinsi amagwiritsidwa yokutidwa nyanja Ivachevskoe, Verdlozero, Nyanja Shaitan, oponderamo.

Yekha lomveka bwino kwa anomalies zonse zikuchitika mu madzi - umu ndi mmene nyanja ya anapanga. Mwina chifukwa onse - nyama ndiponso zomera sanazimvetsebe ndi anthu.

Pomaliza

Lake - ndi mbali yofunika ya Earth. Theka la zomera zonse ndi nyama zothandiza kwa anthu, anthu mitsinje ndi nyanja. Chifukwa nyanja anapanga, akhoza adzaweruzidwa ndi njira mkati ndi kunja kwa dziko lathu. Tectonic ndi miyala kusintha - ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu mapangidwe madamu.