Meshcherskaya lowland: geography, mbiri yakale

Lowerland yaikulu ndi yapadera imeneyi ili pakatikati pa East Europe Plain. Chigawochi chili kumpoto kwa Ryazan, kumadzulo kwa Moscow ndi mbali ya kumwera kwa Vladimir Oblast. Ndipo amagawanitsa ku Ryazan, Moscow ndi Vladimir Meshchairs. Ndipo kumapeto kwake kuli ndi dzina limodzi - mbali ya Meshcherskaya.

Kodi Mesherskaya lowland ali kuti? Nkhani

Kumtunda kwa dziko lapansi kumtunda kwake ndi katatu kotsekedwa ndi mitsinje: Oka (kumwera), Klyazma (kumpoto), Sudogda ndi Kolpu (kumadzulo). Komanso, malire ake akumadzulo amafika mumzinda wa Moscow (mabwinja a nkhalango za Meshchera - paki "Sokolniki" ndi Losiny Island).

Kum'mwera kwa dzikoli, kutalika kwake ndi mamita 120-130 pamwamba pa nyanja, imadutsa kumtunda kwa mamita 80-100. Pakatikatikati mwa mapiri a tauni kuchokera ku tauni ya Egorievsk kupita ku tauni ya Kasimov ili pafupi ndi phiri - Mesh Meshky (pafupifupi kutalika kwake ndi pafupi 140 mamita, mamita - 214 mamita). Imakhala ngati madzi otentha pakati pa mabeseni a mitsinje Klyazma ndi Oka. Ndipo kuzungulira kumeneko ndi mathithi osasunthika.

Meshcherskaya lowland: tanthauzo la mawu. Tanthauzo la madera otsika

Malo otsetsereka otchedwa Lowland, kapena otsetsereka, ndi malo aatali omwe ali pamwamba pa nyanja osapitirira 200 mamita, okhala ndi malo otsetsereka komanso ochepa.

Poyamba, mesh ndi dzina la fuko (Finno-Ugric), lomwe limakhala, malinga ndi zakale zakale, pakati pa Mordovia ndi Murom. Meshcheryak imapezeka m'malemba a zaka za zana la 15, otchedwa mochearin. Dzina ili la phokoso lenilenilo likufanana ndi zapamwambazi. Choncho, zikuganiziridwa kuti makolo a magulu onsewa (Magyars, Meshras, Mishars ndi Mozhars) nthawi ina amasonyeza mtundu.

Malo okhala a mtundu wakale uwu ("Great Hungary", malinga ndi LN Gumilev) anali mu Middle Volga dera (Bashkiria yamakono). Kenaka makolo achi Hungary adachoka ku Pannonia ndipo adakhazikitsa dziko lawo lomwe liripo lero (Hungary). Ndipo ma Meshcheriak adapezeka okha ku Central Oka.

Pali mabaibulo ena. Mulimonsemo, tanthawuzo la mawu akuti "Meshcherskaya lowland" lingachokere kuzinthu zonsezi. Zonsezi ziri pafupifupi chimodzimodzi kukhalapo.

Nyengo

Mphepete mwa nyanja yotchedwa Meshcherskaya ili ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri, ndipo nyengo yozizira imakhala yozizira komanso nyengo yotentha kapena yotentha. Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi +4,3 ˚є. Zima ndizozizira, ndi chisanu chozizira. Nthawi zambiri nyengo yowonjezera imakhala ndi kutentha kuchokera pa 25 mpaka 30 ° C.

Chivundikiro cha chisanu chimagwera masentimita 80. Mwezi wa July ndi mwezi wotentha kwambiri umene mpweya ukufika kufika 40 ˚С. M'nyengo yozizira nthawi zambiri imakhala yotentha, ndi matalala aakulu ndi mabingu amphamvu.

Mphepo imayendetsedwa ndi mphepo zakumadzulo ndi kumwera-kumadzulo.

Meshcherskaya lowland ali ndi chilengedwe cha malo apadera awa. Mvula yambiri yamasika, yomwe imakhudza kwambiri moyo wa mbalame ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana.

Geology ya Meshchery

Kodi zinyalala zinapangidwa motani? Izi ndizo chifukwa cha glaciers. Ntchito zawo zapangitsa kuti malowa akhale malo abwino kwambiri. Gululi litasungunuka, mchenga, mchenga ndi dongo zinkagona pa dothi lopanda madzi (nthawi ya Jurassic). Zonsezi ndi madontho omwe amadzaza ndi madzi otentha kuchokera kumadzi otentha, motero amapanga mathithi ndi nyanja zambiri.

Pali mchere wa quartz, peat ndi dongo.

Zolinga ndi nthaka

Nthaka makamaka podzolic, yopangidwa ndi loams (yosagumentary ndi loesslike) ndi bwino kwambiri chonde mitengo ya imvi dothi.

Meshcherskaya lowland ndi malo a nyanja zambiri ndi mathithi.

Pali mitsinje yochepa m'madera otsetsereka, ndipo ili pafupi ndi malire ake. Amalowa m'madzi mwa mtsinjewo. Oki. Mitsinje ikuluikulu pano ndi Tsna, Polya, Pra, Polya, Buzha ndi Gus.

Meshcherskaya lowland ali ndi chinthu china: mitsinje yomwe ili pamtsinjeyo ili ndi ziwerengero zing'onozing'ono zowonongeka. Kwenikweni, zimayenda kuchokera ku mathithi ndi nyanja zambiri, zomwe zimapereka madzi kuchokera ku chisanu ndi mvula.

Nyanja yomwe ili pamtunda ndi yaikulu - yayikulu ndi yaing'ono. Pang'onopang'ono kutembenuka wobiriwira, iwo amatembenukira kukhala mathithi. Pali nyanja zamchere - zotsalira za mabedi. Amakhalanso othamanga. Pafupifupi nyanja zonse za Meshchera ndizochepa. Wawo wozama kwambiri ndi mamita awiri okha.

Koma palinso nyanja zazikulu zomwe zimakhala zakuya mamita 50 kapena kuposa. Zida zoterezi ndizochokera ku thermokarst. Madzi mwa iwo ndi owonekera. Mmodzi mwa nyanja zoterezi ndi White River m'dera la Ryazan (Spas-Klepiki).

Zikopa zotchuka

Meshcherskaya lowland ndi olemera m'matanthwe. Iwo amatambasula apa pafupifupi mzere wawukulu wosasokonezeka. Anthu ammudziwo amawatcha iwo amisala kapena omsharas.

Nkhalangozi zatha kale mahekitala 600,000 m'mayiko otsetsereka.

Nkhalango zambiri zimakhala ndi mitsinje yokhala ndi mitsinje komanso mitengo yamitengo. Ndipo m'nyengo ya masika amatsanulira madzi ndipo sangatheke. Choncho kwa Meshchera zochitika zosavuta izi zokhudzana ndi munthuyo ndizofunika: mvula yowuluka, zinyama zambiri, ntchentche ndi udzudzu.

Nyama ndi zomera

Meshchera nthawiyina anali mbali ya nkhalango imodzi yokha yomwe inatambasula kuchokera ku nkhalango za Murom kupita ku nkhalango za ku Poland. Pambuyo pake, chifukwa cha kuwonongedwa kwa nkhalango mwapang'onopang'ono, kuwonjezeka kwa nthaka yamoto ndi moto wochuluka, dera, kuchuluka kwa nkhalango kunachepa kwambiri.

Pano palinso nkhalango zapine, nkhalango zamtengo wapatali, aspen ndi birch, pamadzi otentha - amadya. Pali phulusa la mapiri ndi alder. M'madera ndi m'nkhalango zimakula zipatso zosiyanasiyana ndi bowa. Zambiri pano ndi nsonga. M'mphepete mwa nyanja muli mankhwala ambirimbiri ophatikiza. M'madambo pali zinyama: zimbalangondo, nkhwangwa, mimbulu, mavitamini, ndi zina. Ochokera kumadzi ndi beeves amakhala m'nyanja zamchere. Masewera osiyanasiyana osiyana. Nyanja ndi mitsinje ya m'midzi imakhala ndi nsomba zochuluka (mitundu 30).

Apa pali otchuka Oksky Reserve (mitundu 225 ya mbalame zosiyanasiyana, mitundu 10 ya amphibians, 39 mitundu ya nsomba, 6 zokwawa ndi zinyama 49). Mu bisonyi yosungirako zodabwitsa komanso mabanki amadziwikabe.

N'chiyani chimakopa malowa? Mwinamwake chifukwa pali madambo ambiri ndipo pali nyanja zing'onozing'ono ndi zazikulu za Meshchersky? Kapena Meshcherskaya lowland akuyenda mitsinje pang'onopang'ono? Pali zambiri zodabwitsa zachilengedwe kuno. Ndipo komabe Oka ndiwo malo osangalatsa komanso ochititsa chidwi a malo awa.