Melanocytic nevi, papillomatous nevus (chithunzi). Kuzungulira melanocytic nevus - ndi ...

Pafupifupi munthu aliyense padziko lapansi alibe mtundu wakuda, pali Mole chimodzi, mankhwala otchedwa osati monga nevus melanocytic. Chinachake zachilendo chinenero Russian mawu "Mole" chabwerekedwa Latin kutanthauza onse Mole kapena birthmark. Mu njira ya moyo, pa zifukwa zosadziwika, timadontho-timadontho latsopano kumene pamaso panali khungu momveka, ndi akale kutha kwinakwake. Anthu ena kuti mantha, anachitazi wina, makamaka pamene mawanga mdima anayamba "azikongoletsa" mphumi, mphuno, masaya. Yesetsani kumvetsa zimene ndi timadontho-timadontho, kapena, sayansi nevi, kodi iwo, ali ndi ngati inu m'njira inayake bwanji maonekedwe awo.

ndi nevus Kodi

Mu khungu la anthu ndi zinyama maselo wapadera - melanocytes, amene mudameretsa pigment mdima - melanin. Nyama zingamvekere mtundu Mzimuyo mtundu wa maso. Anthu, melanin ndi udindo mphamvu ya Sun, kuti zimatetezedwa ku dzuwa ndi cheza zina zoipa za thupi. Pamene pigment ndi uniformly anagawira pa maselo khungu, ali yunifolomu mtundu kamvekedwe. Ngati mwadzidzidzi - pa zifukwa koma wosadziwika, sayansi - maselo osiyana izo amasonkhana ndi yambiri ya m'madera yolimbana ndi maziko mudzayamba kuyima, kuti pali malo birthmark kapena nevus pigmentosa. Melanocytic nevi - ali yemweyo. Wina ofanana matanthauzo a mfundo yomweyo - nevus melanoformny kapena nevokletochny. Mtundu wa formations izi zimasiyanasiyana wakuda ndi zofiirira kuwala, nthawi zina chibakuwa. Ngati birthmark chofiira (vinyo) mtundu, umatchedwa lamoto nevi ndipo popangidwa ndi woipa lalikulu pigment palibe, ndi capillaries ali pafupi kwambiri padziko khungu. Mwachitsanzo: flammeus nevus pa mutu ndi mphumi ali Gorbachev, pulezidenti lotsiriza la Soviet Union.

Anthu ena kukhala pa mlingo ofanana ndi khungu, pamene ena amachita penapake pamwamba melanocytic ake nevus. chithunzi pamwamba limasonyeza pang'ono yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda inki nevi. Makanda, kulemba amenewa pafupifupi mwaonapo, ngakhale kuti asayansi amakonda kukhulupirira kuti ali chabe kwambiri kuonekera. Kuwonetseredwa bwino amayamba penapake 9-10 azaka. Nthawi zambiri, yosavuta nevi inki akuchita zinthu mwamtendere ndipo analibe mavuto ena kuposa zopindika zodzikongoletsera zomwe singakulanditseni.

Mitundu ya Birthmarks

Melanocytic nevus wa khungu ndi mitundu iwiri:

1. kobadwa nako

Kukula, izi pigment mapangidwe ang'ono (mpaka masentimita 1.5 m'mimba mwake), sing'anga (10 cm) ndi lalikulu kapena chimphona (kuposa 10 cm). nevi kobadwa nako ya kukula kulikonse ndi kukula kwa mwana kuwonjezera awiri. The owopsa ndi chiyerekezo nevi, lalikulu ndi waukulu kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi zambiri kungayambitse khansa yoopsa. Kodi zifukwa ana amabadwa ndi lalikulu ndi chimphona akatswiri birthmark kunena kovuta chimodzimodzi. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za 5% ya ana obadwa ndi nevus chimphona, pali chitukuko cha khansa ya pakhungu mu chaka choyamba cha moyo kapena okulirapo pang'ono. Choncho, makolo amene ana anabadwa ndi birthmarks waukulu nthawi kukaonana ndi katswiri. Ngati nevi chimphona ili pa nkhope, adokotala akhoza amalangiza kuti laser oyeretsa, ndipo ngati mbali zina za thupi - ndi kufufutidwa. Ndondomeko yamasika analimbikitsanso ngati birthmark lalikulu mdima ndi vuto pamwamba.

2. Tizitha

Pa moyo angaoneke mawanga inki kulikonse pa thupi, kuphatikizapo khungu, kumaliseche, kanjedza, zidendene za mapazi. Asayansi British aona kuti ambiri timadontho-timadontho pafupifupi 2 khola kumachepetsa ngozi ya kufooka kwa mafupa ndi kuchepetsa maonekedwe a makwinya, ndi alibe wa nevus mu khansa zilonda zimawonedwa pafupifupi 16% ya anthu ndi zizindikiro mtundu.

Zimayambitsa timadontho-timadontho

Asayansi pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana sindingakhoze kunena chifukwa chake munthu ali ndi nevus melanocytic. Koma pali zomwe zimayambitsa wamba mtundu.

Mwachitsanzo, kobadwa nako nevi angagwe ngati zotsatirazi zinachitika pa mimba:

1. Intrauterine matenda (nsungu, toxoplasmosis, pox, ndi ena).

2. Kuvomereza mimba, ena mankhwala.

3. Kuchuluka madyedwe a vitamini A.

4. Kumwa mowa.

5. shuga mimba.

6. kupanda kufufuza zinthu.

7. chibadwa. Nthawi zambiri ataphatikizamo kale mu DNA kuti nevi melanocytic kuonekera pa mwana pa thupi, mu malo ena. Ndipo nthawi birthmarks cholowa zofanana kwa mwana ndi mayi ake, kapena kwambiri kuti.

Kuthi nevi zikhonza kukhalapo pa zifukwa zotsatirazi:

1. Large Mlingo wa poizoni ultraviolet. Tan osasamba ndipo kwambiri entrainment solarium imfayo kuchuluka melanin inki, imbaenda kuna mapangidwe timadontho-timadontho.

2. Kusintha kwa timadzi ta m'thupi. Izi zikuphatikizapo chikhalidwe chirichonse (matenda, mimba, kutha msinkhu, kusintha kwa thupi, maganizo, ndi zina zotero) imene pali m'thupi disruptions. Nawonso, chifukwa khungu mtundu zina, ngakhale zina, m'malo mwake, kungachititse kuti kutha kwa timadontho-timadontho alipo.

3. cheza.

4. X-ray.

5. Skin amavulala. Angathe kuyambitsa kayendedwe ka melanocytes pafupi pamwamba pa khungu, ndiye mawanga mdima adzakhala kuonekera kwambiri.

gulu la timadontho-timadontho

Medical dzina nevi amayambitsa chisokonezo. Koma kwenikweni, zonse apa ndi wosavuta ndi zomveka. khungu anthu limapangidwa zigawo: ndi khungu (apafupi kwambiri pabwino pamwamba), ndi dermis (pafupifupi, pakatikati kwambiri) ndi hypodermis (kuya). Malinga ndi malo m'bulu wa melanocytes, izi mitundu ya mawanga inki:

- epidermal nevus (ili mu zigawo kumtunda kwa khungu - ndi khungu);

- kwapakati dermal (ankalemekeza melanocytes kudzikundikira anamuona pa wosanjikiza chozama - ndi dermis);

- Kudera melanocytic nevus (kuchuluka kwa melanin ndi kuchuluka pakati pa khungu ndi dermis);

- hypodermal (malo a pigment mu hypodermis a) - mtundu wa nevus zikuwoneka pafupifupi alibe kuonekera, koma nthawi zina ndi melanocytes ikhoza kusunthidwa pafupi pamwamba pa khungu.

Kapangidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha zizindikiro ndi mitundu zotsatirazi nevi:

- zovuta;

- atypical;

- kubwerera;

- papillomatous melanocytic nevus;

- buluu;

- Mongolian malopo;

- acheya (kuchokera timadontho-timadontho kukula tsitsi limodzi kapena angapo, kawirikawiri mdima mtundu, kaya mwamuna lagolide kapena loderapo).

- Sutton nevi, Clark, Spitz,

Tiyeni tione mitundu ina.

ndi papillomatous kwapakati dermal melanocytic nevus pigmentosa Kodi

Mu nthawi yaitali ndipo penapake zovuta kumvetsa tanthauzo la mfundo anasaina angapo. Choncho, pamwamba taonera, mawu akuti "melanocytic" ndi "pigment" amatanthauza kudzikundikira pigment melanin mu melanocytes kubala izo. Intradermal nevus analandira chikutidziwitsa magawanidwe a melanocyte mu zigawo zakuya khungu ndi kunja akuimira kugundana yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda pamwamba ake. Ake n'chimodzimodzi mankhwala mawu akuti "intradermal melanocytic nevus." Ngati iye ali ndi thupi mtundu, koma ili pa mwendo, pali kufanana kwambiri ndi papilloma. Choncho dzina - papillomatous nevus. formations zimenezi zikuoneka makamaka pa mutu (acheya gawo), pakhosi, nkhope, koma angayambe malo ena aliwonse a thupi. mtundu awo, kuwonjezera thupi, nthawi zina bulauni, zofiirira, wakuda, ndi hummocky dongosolo zingaoneke akufanana ndi kolifulawa. Mu mankhwala, mungapeze mayina ake ena, monga nevus warty, liniya, hyperkeratotic. 2 kusiyanitsa mtundu uliwonse - organic pamene papillomatoznye birthmarks zimachitika sporadically, ndipo mwiniwakeyo monga warty timabamputimabampu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri iwo anayikidwa kumeneko, kumene zipangizo lalikulu magazi ndi misempha. Ngati munthu ali ndi malamulo amenewa, izo zikhoza kukhala zimasonyeza matenda chapakati mantha dongosolo, monga khunyu. Ngakhale kwapakati dermal papillomatous melanocytic nevi wa khungu, kuwonekera pa kubadwa, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka mowirikiza, adzaupereka kwa mitundu chosaopsa melanomoneopasnym a zotupa inki. Ngakhale izi, adzachita adziwona katswiri dermatologist amene amatchulidwa, izo nevus, papilloma, kapena khansa. Ndikofunikira kuti dokotala ngati papillomatoznyh Mole mwadzidzidzi anayamba imapweteka, kuyabwa kapena discolored. Ndi kukhazikitsa matenda, dotolo amachita kuyendera zithunzi ndiponso, ngati n'kofunika, zimapangitsa Siascopy, ultrasound, biopsy.

Chipangizo melanocytic nevus

Tanthauzo ili ntchito pamene Mfuko, magwero khungu, ndi dermis limakula. Kunja, izo zikuwoneka pang'ono ngati njerewere, ndi m'mimba mwake osati choposa 1 cm. Monga zina nevi, zovuta ndi akuti ndi mtima wabwino, koma, malingana ndi kuwerengera zachipatala, oposa 50% milandu mwina pokhala khansa a. Choncho, adzaupereka kwa formations melanomoopasnym. Pa kapangidwe ake, nevi zovuta akhale osalala, zamwano, waubweya, warty, ndi mtundu zambiri mdima - bulauni wakuda.

atypical nevi

Akukhulupirira kuti pafupifupi munthu aliyense chakhumi ali pa khungu la atypical kapena dysplastic melanocytic nevus. chithunzi pamwamba limasonyeza bwanji kuti zikhoza kuwoneka. Izi birthmarks dzina deta analandira chifukwa bwinobwino yake malire khungu, asymmetry, kukula (monga ulamuliro, iwo upambana 6 mm), dissimilarity kuti timadontho-timadontho ena. Mtundu wa nevi atypical akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri - kuchokera wotumbululuka beige kapena pinki kuti woderapo. Mu mankhwala, pali ponena za pigment mapangidwe - Clark nevus. Kukachitika kuti pa chotero birthmark zachilendo muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti dokotala anu kuonetsetsa palibe khansa. Madokotala ndikukhulupirira kuti nevi atypical okha Musatenge ngozi za thanzi, koma anthu omwe iwo ali, ndi pachiopsezo khansa ya pakhungu, ndipo si koyenera kuika malo pigment. Pa moyo wa nevi atypical, ngati wina aliyense, akhoza kutha okha, koma ichi si chifukwa munthu pa chiopsezo kupatulana.

kubwerera nevus

Chotero anaitana mawanga mdima kuti awonekere malo kumene kunali munthu Mole kuchotsedwa. nevus Breakout zambiri zikutanthauza kuti timadontho-timadontho nsalu sanali kwathunthu kuchotsedwa ndi ntchito chachiwiri chofunika.

Spitz nevus

Izi ina ya zotupa inki, chifukwa chimene anthu ali pa chiopsezo yatsoka a khansa. Kupezeka pa khungu ngati birthmarks mawanga kaŵirikaŵiri ana osaposa zaka 10 zakubadwa, koma akuluakulu monga iwo komanso si inshuwaransi. Chinthu chapadera wa Spitz nevus ndi kukula mofulumira. Choncho, mwadzidzidzi anatuluka pa chikopa, miyezi yochepa chabe, iye angadwale awiri kuchokera angapo millimeters ndi centimeter kapena zambiri. Wina bokosi lake zosasangalatsa - akhoza kuganiza metastases ndi madera oyandikana khungu ndi lymph mfundo. Koma, ngakhale, nthawi zambiri, Spitz nevi amaonedwa chosaopsa ndi mosavuta ankachitira oyambirira.

nevus Sutton

Nthawi zina thupi kuoneka birthmarks ndi felemu loyera kuzungulira m'mphepete. Iwo ali maina awiri - melanocytic nevus Sutton ndi kampira nevus. Anthu ena, maphunziro ndi zina, ena pangakhale kwambiri, makamaka pa nsana. malire White, monga asayansi amati, amayamba chifukwa chakuti maselo izo umawononga maselo a chitetezo cha m'thupi. Kwa zaka zambiri, nevi Sutton mwina discolour kapena kwathunthu Mwamsanga, kusiya kukumbukira malo owala. Nthawi zambiri, monga timadontho-timadontho m'mphepete si owopsa. Komabe, ofufuza anapeza kuti pamaso pawo, makamaka zambiri, zikhoza kugwirizana ndi kukhalapo kwa wovalayo matenda monga thyroiditis ndi adzithandize, kapena khansa, omwe sasamalira yokha.

Becker nevus

Izi birthmark kukula kwake akufanana melanocytic nevus chiphona. Kota milandu, mtundu uwu akupezeka mwana wosabadwayo m'mimba. Chinthu chapadera cha Becker nevus ndi:

- ponso tsitsi lawo;

- okhadzula pa ziphuphu zakumaso awo;

- kuwonjezeka mu kukula kwa mfundo, ndiye kutha kwa kukula ndi mphenzi ya mtundu.

Ambiri birthmarks awa munthu moyo. Kuopsa iwo ke, koma eni nthawi ayenera kusonyeza dermatologist.

birthmarks koopsa

Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti Mole Mwina m'kupita nkukhala khansa kapena khansa zina khungu. Komabe, n'kulakwa. Nthawi zambiri, Mole iliyonse (kapena melanocytic nevus) alibe zingasokoneze. Nkhawa yomweyo kuthamangira kwa dokotala (dermatologist, oncologist) muyenera ngati mwadzidzidzi ndi birthmark kusintha izi zachitika:

- kusintha mtundu, sindikusamala njira;

- inasanduka asymmetric (mwachitsanzo, otukukira kunja mbali imodzi);

- kusintha mtundu wa m'mphepete kapena birthmark dongosolo;

- la Mfuko anayamba kupweteka, itch, magazi;

- kwambiri kuwonjezera kukula kwa birthmark a.

Nthawi zonse, ngati Mole kumene anatuluka ndi osiyana ndi amene alipo, kapena zaka mwadzidzidzi anadwala yachilendo, monga kufunika dokotala posachedwapa.

Kodi kuchita ndi timadontho-timadontho?

Ngati nevi amachita ndipo alibe kumvutitsa, ndipo ngati zili m'madera otetezeka wa khungu, kenako kufunika chabe penyani. Ngati iwo ali kumeneko, kumene iwo angakhoze Nthawi zambiri anavulala (manja, ndi zidendene, kuzungulira khosi, pamutu, mozungulira chiuno), kapena pa nkhope, amene umawononga zodzikongoletsera, Ndi bwino kuchotsa iwo. Nawuza ntchito zimenezi n'kofunika yekha kwa madokotala - dokotala, dermatologist. nevi Epidermal analimbikitsa kuchotsa opaleshoni yekha. Calibration chikuchitika padziko mankhwala oletsa ululu pamalopo, kotero sabweretsa chisoni. Papillomatous khungu melanocytic nevus, makamaka ili pa mwendo, nthawi zina zopindulitsa kuchotsa asafe. Mu zaka otsiriza amagwiritsidwanso ntchito laser mankhwala a birthmarks ndi excision radionozhom awo.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, dokotala zambiri Amatsogolera zichotsedwa zidutswa kufufuza histological kuti otsimikiza, pakalibe khansa.

Kwathunthu zosavomerezeka kuchotsa nevi pa njira zawo, chikhalidwe. Nthawi zambiri anthu kuyesa kuchotsa nevi papillomatoznyh pa miyendo, mabandeji ulusi awo. Zimenezi zimabweretsa magazi toyalana kupeza Mfuko, ndipo amatha kugwa. Koma nthawi zambiri, njira imeneyi "mankhwala" amakwiya kusintha maselo a khungu kapena dermis ndipo kumayambitsa mavuto adzaoneni.