Mbiri ya Taj Mahal (India, Agra): chidwi mfundo, zithunzi

Izi mausoleum waukulu wotchedwa chipilala cha chikondi chosafa, ndipo kwa zaka zambiri, nkhawa zonse za nkhani yake chikondi cha chilengedwe. Taj Mahal chimatengedwa ngati mmodzi wa zodabwitsa latsopano zisanu ndi ziwiri za dziko, kuyambira 1983, ali pansi pa chitetezero cha UNESCO. Wotchuka dongosolo mapulani a India, zomwe ziribe analogues mu dziko, yodziwika ndi nyengo yonse ya ulamuliro wa Mfumu.

Kulankhula mu mwala chisoni komanso mwachikondi kupanga apaulendo zonse zoletsa mantha pamaso pa mwaluso lolemekezeka la zojambulajambula, limafotokoza nkhani ya chikondi chodabwitsa.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Taj Mahal - woyera nsangalabwi mausoleum ili mu Agra. Iwo anamangidwira pa malamulo ake mdzukulu Mughal wolamulira Shah Jahan dziko, amene analota kuti chifuniro cha mkazi wake anamwalira akubereka.

Awo chikondi wadutsa mayesero onse, kuphatikizapo Umuyaya. Ndi zosadabwitsa kuti mu mbiri zakale olembedwa ubale wofatsa ndi chikondi cha wolamulira ndi mkazi wake, kuti Mfumu chachikulu wotchedwa Taj Mahal, kutanthauza "Kunyada kwa nyumba yachifumu." Muslim, n'kovuta kwambiri, chifukwa chikondi chenicheni zambiri m'zimene iwo kwa Mulungu ndi dziko, koma osati mkazi.

zakale

Wokongola nthano limanena kuti pambuyo imfa ya wokondedwa Mfumu sanabwere kuchokera kwa zipinda la sabata, ndi pamene nkhani anaona mbuye wawo, sanamuzindikire: iye anali zaka zaka zingapo ndipo anakhala imvi. Shah Jahan antchito Pololera akulira maliro amphamvu mkazi kwamuyaya.

Komabe, palibe monga chikondi Baibulo limatiuza kuti wolamulira kutsitsidwa mwana wake wamwamuna, kufotokoza khalidwe lake kuti ntchito bambo ake odzitukumula zikuwonongetsa dziko. Koma zimenezi si zofunika kwambiri kwa ana, chifukwa mtengo wa chipilala otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse Izi sichinachepe.

analumbira

Shah Jahan kuti anali mayi wa ana ake adamfunsa kumanga nyumba zokongola kamodzi. Povutika kazembe analumbira kumanga manda ambiri zazikulu mu dziko. Pokumbukira mkazi wake ndipo anayamba kumanga zikuluzikulu za nyumba zazikulu.

Choncho, chifukwa timva boma anapanga nkhani Muslim a mfumu, tinaphunzira za mbiri boma la chilengedwe. Taj Mahal ndi imodzi mwa nyumba zodula kwambiri mu dziko, umene ndalama yaikulu ndalama akhala ntchito.

Moyo wake wonse m'ndende

Mbaenda nthano ina chilakolako cha Mfumu kumanga chachiwiri malo ofanana, koma iye sakanakhoza kuchita izo. Ndipo zonse zimene iye akanakhoza kuchita pambuyo Iye anawononga mwana wake - mpaka mapeto a moyo wake wachisoni tione kuchokera pa windo kakang'ono mu ndende ya mwala mogometsa, omwe anakhala m'manda mkazi makedzana.

A mwaluso la zojambulajambula

Anamangapo ndi Taj Mahal, ndi chithunzi chimene chabe pang'ono amapereka ulemerero ndi sikelo ya mwaluso linayamba 1632. ogwira ntchito oposa 20 zikwi, anasonkhana kuchokera konsekonse dziko nawo ntchito yomanga. Za zotsatira zawo, anthu ochepa mukudziwa, koma malinga ndi nthano, kuti adziwe zinsinsi palibe anauza yomanga mausoleum, onse a iwo anaphedwa nditamaliza ntchito.

Vending chidutswa cha malo anamanga nyumba zazikulu, iye anali mfumu, koma anasinthanitsa iwo ndi chipere kwa nzika kumanga chipilala chikondi chake. Kumathandiza unadzaza zitsime zakuya ndi njira yapadera ndi miyala kuteteza dongosolo kuchokera kugwa kwake chifukwa cha kuyandikana kwa madzi pansi, ndipo anauka pa maziko a mamita 50. maziko adayikapo nsangalabwi midadada kwa chitetezo makamaka.

yomanga osatha

zaka zoposa 12 anapambana phased pomanga Taj Mahal ku Agra (India). Makamaka zinayang'ana mausoleum anabweretsa njovu chamgwiro nsangalabwi kuchokela kuchigawo chimodzi cha ufumu, ndi kumanga nyumba zina anali kutiletsa kwa izo.

Kudyetsa anthu omwe anamanga mwakhama usana ndi usiku mwanaalirenji chipilala, anadza tirigu kuti kutumizidwa ku dziko lake, ndi njala yoopsa kwambiri ku dziko, zimene zinachititsa kuti nkhani wosakhazikika ndalama.

zithunzi

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Taj Mahal, chithunzi chimene akuti kumverera kusangalala ngakhale kwambiri akamaona zomangamanga anthu udaikidwa ndi Musanyengedwe kuwala, zachilendo kwambiri kwa nthawi.

Kuti ku nyumba yachifumu, choyamba muli pochitika archway wopita ku cholowa cha chikhalidwe dziko. Izi zikutipatsa chidwi zithunzi kuti: pamene ankayandikira nyumbayi izo zimawoneka kuchotsedwa. Chinthu chomwecho chimachitika pamene inu kutuluka Chipilala, pamene zikuoneka kuti Taj Mahal mwachinsinsi kuyandikira kwambiri kuposa kale.

Wina nkhambakamwa kuwala amene akusocheretsa alendo: amaganiza kuti pafupi ndi minarets mausoleum anamangidwa mu kufanana. Ndipotu iwo pang'ono anapanduka pambali, ndi polojekitiyi analungamitsidwa ndi chitetezo cha nyumba ya zinachitikira zivomezi. nsanja yaikulu sibwenzi anawononga mausoleum, nagwa pambali pake. N'zosadabwitsa malo seismically oopsa anathawa masoka.

M'manda pa mausoleum ndi

Pali mizere mu Quran kuti mtendere wa munthu wakufa sitingazimvetse linaphwanya. Mu mzikiti waukulu mausoleum ndi manda kwenikweni sanali. Ankaopa kuti munthu angayesere kusokoneza mkazi wake wokondedwa, mfumu inalamula kuti m'manda mu chipinda mseri ili pansi mwaluso wapadera. Atamwalira Shah Jahan, mtembo wake anapeza chitetezo pafupi ndi mkazi wake.

Wapatali Bokosi

Modabwitsa mkati wokongola Chili masitaelo angapo mapulani ya Indian Taj Mahal. Zokongoletsa makoma a zipinda zapamwamba opangidwa ndi luso Italy. Zokongola dongosolo la ngale zimapangitsa mausoleum chuma chenicheni, kasungidwe zamtengo wapatali. miyala litapita ku madera osiyana a dziko, ndipo ngakhale mu Russia anafika akazembe kupeza wosayamikira dziko Malachite.

Divisible pawiri Palace

Anamanga malinga ndi mfundo Chisilamu wa moyo wina pambuyo wotchuka Taj Mahal lagawidwa pawiri. Anayi bwalo caravanserai ndi bazaar misewu a pansi kuli ndi mausoleum palokha, ndipo Munda wa Edeni - yoposa. Mwa njira, ndalama lonse zinatsala ku ntchitoyi anali kukhala nyumba.

Akukhulupirira kuti Chipilala kutsogolo kwa mausoleum, ndi dziwe wokongola, nawayika pakati pa njanji chachikulu, kuimira tinganene kuti munthu mu dziko lina.

woyambitsa wa mwaluso ndi ndani?

Ofufuzawa sangathe kudziwiratu kutchula mayina a mapulani mwaluso kwambiri. Iwo kukhazikika bwino kuti alendo sanatenge gawo mu kamangidwe ka mausoleum lapansi. Ndipo akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti wolamulira weniweniyo ankachita ngati wolemba waukulu, chifukwa iye anali erudition wotchuka ndi mphamvu ya kalembedwe.

zomangamanga mausoleum akufotokoza mfundo zofunika za chi: mizere yoyera ndi symmetrical mawonekedwe a nyumba zimapangitsa Fanizo la padziko lapansi la paradaiso yachifumu.

otchuka zovuta

Zovuta tichipeza kachisi ndi galasi ili wotchi nsanja anayi - minarets, kuchokera pamwamba umene ndinangomva kulengeza chiyambi cha pemphero. Pa mbali ya mausoleum ndi misikiti iŵiri ya mchenga ting'onoting'ono basi. Mbali yaikulu ya zipilala za luso ali ku malo chodabwitsa ndi dziwe, kumene kumasonyeza chidutswa wangwiro wa luso. Kumapeto kwa alendo wobiriwira kulowera ali moni zazikulu Taj Mahal.

mtundu njira

Chidwi ndi mitundu mfundo za luso Chisilamu. Ponena za moyo wapadziko lapansi wa dongosolo anapangidwa kwa lawi-wofiira sandstone ndi woyera nsangalabwi slabs mausoleum likuimira chikhulupiriro mu moyo pambuyo pa imfa.

N'zochititsa chidwi penyani sewero kuwala, pamene dzuŵa m'mawa kapena dzuwa litalowa kujambula makoma mitundu wosakhwima.

mavuto masiku ano

Zikwi alendo, amene ntchito ndi chizindikiro mwaluso la India, pitani Taj Mahal. Dziko amanyadira za chuma dziko, ndi makonsolo nkhawa kwambiri za chitetezo cha zimakopa ana. Mwatsoka, ndi chipilala mapulani ndi mbiri kwambiri zikukhazikitsa wokutidwa ndi ming'alu.

The womwe kale unali likulu la Mughal Ufumu, Agra (India) - ndi kuli anthu mzinda ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Zakhudzana mpweya amachititsa chikasu nsangalabwi, ndi nthawi kusintha maonekedwe a nyumbayi, woyera ake acimbadzoza dongo. Komanso, akalowa ankadwala m'mudzimo pansi m'tchalitchi cha nkhunda.

Travel Zokuthandizani

Asanalowe bwinobwino kuyendera alendo. Ndi zoletsedwa kubweretsa mu mausoleum wa zoyatsira, fodya, chakudya, mafoni, ndipo ngakhale kumatafuna chingamu. Choncho, zinthu izi osavomerezeka utenge.

Lachisanu alendo Taj Mahal pakhomo zoletsedwa monga mzikiti pafupi Agra ati achite mapemphero Muslim.

chizindikiro cha moyo wosafa

Mwalowa mndandanda wa zodabwitsa latsopano mwaluso dziko chimandipweteka maganizo a kukongola wapadera wa mizere mapulani ndi ziwiya apamwamba, ndipo anthu kulenga ndi onse okonda nkhawa za nkhani zomvetsa chisoni za chilengedwe.

Taj Mahal ndi zidzasintha pakuwonana koyamba, ndipo aliyense mlendo wokhudza muyaya tikuona mu nsangalabwi. Amene wakhala chizindikiro cha kukhulupirika zosatha malo wakale adzakhalabe kosatha kukumbukira ndi mtima adzasunga kukumbukira Sitidzaiwala zimene anaona.