Mbalame chimfine: zizindikiro anthu. Chithandizo, kupewa, zizindikiro zoyambirira

Avian fuluwenza (H5N1) amatchedwa zosiyanasiyana mavairasi fuluwenza kuti kupatsira mbalame akhoza kuchoka munthu kwa iwo. kufalitsa matenda limapezeka makamaka ndi fecal-m'kamwa njira.

nkhani za m'mbiri

Avian fuluwenza anali woyamba lipoti ku Italy mu 1880. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 21, matenda inafikira mbalame zosamukasamuka ku South East Asia ndi mayiko ena, monga Austria, Germany, Sweden, Czechoslovakia ndi Romania, Asia, South ndi North America , Africa. Avian fuluwenza wakhala wapezeka mu Russia mu 2005, anali kutchulidwa ndi zakutchire ndi maulendo ataliatali waterfowl. Mliri wa wathunso mbali Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tyumen, Kurgan, Chelyabinsk zigawo ndi Altai Gawo. Itapita lotsatira ndi kachilombo wa Kalmykia, Tula dera, Turkey ndi Romania.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mbalame chimfine HIV anthu chinalembedwa mu 1997 ku Hong Kong.

ndi chiopsezo cha matenda Kodi

Mtundu uwu wa chimfine ndi loopsa kwambiri kwa anthu, tizilombo amapatsa opatsirana ndipo imautsa kuwononga kwambiri m'mapapo, HIV akhoza kupatsira chiwindi, impso ndi ubongo. Komanso, alibe chifundo kwa interferon mankhwala, "rimantadine" ndipo ali ndi vuto mutate, zomwe zimachititsa kuti ngakhale zambiri zoopsa. Imfa ya matenda si mkulu ndi 50-80%.

Kodi osiyana ndi chimfine wamba chimfine avian?

Zizindikiro anthu poyamba amafanana zizindikiro za chimfine zonse. Chimfine mphuno, chifuwa, thupi kutentha kuchuluka, munthu wamkulu ofooka ndi waulesi. Koma zotsatira za matenda yakula kwambiri, ambiri a milandu amapha.

Choncho, ngati chuma matenda mbalame imodzi, kupha ziweto zonse pofuna kupewa mavuto aakulu.

kufala njira

Gwero la matenda - ndi chilombo waterfowl. Iwo kudwala. Kukhala mu madzi patsogolo, ndowe mbalame anachoka kumeneko ndi HIV, amene mwa madzi kachilombo waterfowl nkhuku, ndipo ndiye ena onse amene ali mu chuma.

Man HIV imafalikira ndi m'malovu airborne. Pamene inu kutsokomola nkhuku kumbali m'malovu a ntchofu kapena malovu. Munthu wina akapuma iwo, munthu kachilombo. HIV angathe opatsirana ndi kukhudzana, ndi wokhudza nkhani limene pali Kugawilidwa kwanthaka nkhuku matenda.

HIV angathe kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka zambiri pa kutentha m'munsimu opanda 70 ° C, choncho akhoza anakhalabe mu nyama ndi mazira. Zinapita kutentha ankachitira nyama bwinobwino kupha HIV pa +70 ° C, kuwonjezera, iwo sangaime mobwerezabwereza kuzizira angapo (kuposa maulendo 5).

Mkulu chiopsezo kugwira HIV anthu ntchito m'mafamu nkhuku, anthu a kumidzi, kugawa nkhuku. Komanso pa ana chiopsezo, akazi apakati komanso okalamba.

mbali Ofunika

Mu mbalame, matenda angayambe m'njira ziwiri zosiyana. Njira yoyamba alibe mavuto aakulu. Mbalame, amene anali kudwala, ikutha kubala iye anati kutsokomola, nthenga ndi kukupiza. Chimake chachiwiri, mmene muli imfa ya kupuma, m'mimba, amapha.

Kodi munthu chimfine mbalame? Zizindikiro anthu mu magawo oyambirira ofanana ndi zizindikiro za chimfine chimfine kapena, koma mofulumira kwambiri kuwasandutsa chibayo. matenda zambiri itha imfa.

Nthawi makulitsidwe ndi tsiku limodzi mpaka masiku asanu ndi awiri. Matendawa pachimake chiyambi - ndi kutentha, kupweteka minofu ndi mafupa. Kutentha (za 38 ° C) umachitika kwa masiku 10-12, mu Zikavuta amalimbikira mpaka imfa.
Laryngitis, rhinitis, matenda kuoneka masiku 2-3, pali aakulu zilonda zapakhosi. Pamodzi ndi chitukuko ngati zizindikiro za chibayo tizilombo amapezeka pa matenda monga fuluwenza avian.

Zizindikiro anthu kungakhale osati kuledzera ndi catarrhal. Nthawi zambiri zimatikhudza motani, ndipo thirakiti m'mimba pamodzi ndi kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba, kupweteka m'mimba. Pakhoza kukhala magazi kuchokera mphuno kapena m'kamwa. Munthu wodwala ndi chimfine avian, ndi kudya kuwonongeka wa thanzi.

diagnostics

Thandizo dokotala pa kukayikirana pang'ono fuluwenza avian. Zizindikiro anthu zinachitika kukhudzana ndi mbalame odwala kapena mwamuna, ndi chifukwa mankhwala mwamsanga kwa dokotala. The dokotala-dokotala zifotokoza ndipo funsani wodwala, komanso anaika kufufuza zina. Akamalankhula mapapo ngati chinayamba chibayo wofotokozedwa ndi kupuma molimba, ndi crackles. Pa X-ray wapezeka mofulumira kusalola.

Ambiri, kusanthula magazi ndi matenda ngati kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha leukocytes, lymphocytes ndi maselo othandiza magazi kuundana. Pakuti matenda zolondola, kuwonjezera pa magazi, muyenera anadutsa swab kwa mphuno.

Anthu, wodwala kukhala chiwindi anawonjezera angathe impso kulephera.

Kodi kuchitira?

Mbalame chimfine chithandizo chikuchitika mu dipatimenti opatsirana a kuchipatala komwe munthu adzalembedwa nchitozi ndi mankhwala mavairasi oyambitsa, ndiye kukhala symptomatic mankhwala. The zambiri ntchito mavairasi oyambitsa mankhwala "Tamiflu", umene wakhala ntchito bwino pa miliri cha 2008 ndi 2009.

Pasanathe ofooka, koma ogwira mankhwala zochizira chimfine avian - ichi "Arbidol", umene kutumikiridwa mu mlingo okwezeka amene amatipatsa pazipita mavairasi oyambitsa kwenikweni. Kutentha ndi malungo kuthandiza kupirira mankhwala okhala ndi acetaminophen ( "Ibuprofen", "Nise", "Efferalgan"). Mankhwala okhala interferon anafunika chitetezo cha m'thupi la wodwalayo.

Mofanana kwambiri ndi kudzipatula lathunthu la mtima, amene kumathandiza matenda ndi anthu owazungulira. Munthu wodwala ayenera mankhwala payekha payekha ukhondo, zofunda, zovala, zakudya, etc. Mu gawo pachimake matenda zambiri zofunika kusamba thirakiti chapamwamba kupuma, kuti tichotse ntchofu anasonkhanitsa. Komanso, wodwala ayenera kutsatira zakudya okhwima, nadzatonza kapena malire yokazinga, zokometsera ndi acidic zakudya.

kupewa

Kupewa matenda, muyenera:

• Musayandikire mbalame zakutchire.
• Ana ayenera zoletsedwa chakudya ndi manja.
• Pa chizindikiro pang'ono matenda a nkhuku ayenera kuwonongedwa, inalengeza zinachitika ku chipatala Chowona Zanyama.
• Anam'peza atafa nkhuku, muyenera yomweyo akamuike, kuika pa chigoba wandiweyani, zozitetezera ndi magolovesi.
• Ngati muli ndi nkhuku, musaiwale wosamba manja awo bwinobwino.
• Muyenera kulandira mankhwala prophylactic pamalowo dokotala, ku gawo, kumene avian fuluwenza wakhala wapezeka. Kuteteza zikuphatikizapo katemera, ndi kulandira mwayi mankhwala mavairasi oyambitsa.
• Ngakhale milandu matenda pambuyo kumwa nyama nkhuku sanali yololedwa mwalamulo, m'pofunika kukumbukira kusamalitsa pamene kuphika nkhuku mazira. Mosamala kutentha mankhwala amathandiza kuononga kachilombo.

Ngati inu nokha ngakhale zizindikiro pang'ono fuluwenza avian mwamsanga, funsani malo zachipatala. zaumoyo panthawi yake ndiponso mokwanira adzapulumutsa thanzi, ndi Zikavuta - ngakhale moyo.