Maula "dzira buluu": malongosoledwe a Mitundu yosiyanasiyana, chithunzi, ndemanga

wamaluwa ambiri mwakula pa ziwembu zawo a maula. Zipatso izi ankakonda kusinthasintha mu ntchito, zomwe mungathe kukonzekera yozizira, kuti amuchotse mavitamini mokwanira nthuza atsopano mu nyengo ofunda. truckers ambiri amakonda mitundu buluu, chifukwa iwo amanenedwa angapo ubwino: wabwino yozizira hardiness, kukoma kwambiri wa zipatso kucha, Chofunika, samoplodnye, mwachitsanzo palibe kudzala angapo kalasi-pollinator. Tikupereka lero kuphunzira za lakuya "dzira buluu". Kufotokozera za zosiyanasiyana, zithunzi ndi ndemanga za izo pamodzi buku lino. Komanso, muphunzira za malamulo a kubzala ndi kusamalira mitengo, zimene tizirombo izo si zoopsya.

History of kuswana

Maula "dzira buluu", zimene amanena zina za nkhani, anabadwa nthawi kalekale, anatengedwa mu 1986. Agronomists Union kuswana ndi horticulture Institute zaumisiri kwa kusankha anasankha kuti ankakonda wakale pamodzi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chiyambi zoweta "Skorospelka" ndipo anakhala mtundu wa peyala ya Western European iye "greengage Ullensa". Zophatikiza anali oposa bwino ndipo akadali otchuka pakati wamaluwa kusangalala ndi asodzi - palibe. Chifukwa chiyani? Tiuzeni mu zili mtsogolo.

Iwo akulimbikitsidwa kulima mu zigawo chapakati Russia. Zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi nyengo wouma mtima, kotero angapezeke mu Moldova, ndi Baltic States, Belarus ndi Ukraine.

Maula mtengo "dzira buluu": kufotokoza, chithunzi

zosiyanasiyana ndi kusiyana ndi kukula kwake. Wamkulu maula mtengowo likhoza kukula kwa mamita asanu, korona wa wandiweyani wake, wodzaza pang'ono, liri ndi mawonekedwe chowulungika. Mphukira utoto mu woderapo mtundu, wamaliseche, pa mbali ya iwo ili ndi masamba lotayirira.

Masamba ndi mdima mtundu wobiriwira. mawonekedwe awo ndi chowulungika, elongated. The pamwamba yosalala, shimmering gloss ikuvutitsabe yaing'ono, mano osiyana.

Maula "dzira buluu" amasungunula m'ma May maluwa okongola, zomwe zili chabe pa mphukira chaka chimodzi. Maluwa woyera, lalikulu, ndi pamakhala chowulungika woboola pakati, pamodzi burashi yaing'ono. Ngati pa maluwa frosts maula akuyembekezeka, sitingathe kupulumuka. Maluwa ndi masamba mitundu bwino ndinazolowera kutentha monga otsika monga madigiri -4. Mbewu akhoza kukolola kuyambira m'ma August, nsonga kucha mu masiku otsiriza chilimwe.

Ndi kuisamalira, maula mtengo "dzira buluu" moyo mpaka zaka makumi atatu, ndi chipatso udzakhala wolimba, kuyambira m'chaka chachisanu cha kukula.

Zipatso ndi kukoma kwawo

The zosiyanasiyana amatenga dzina la mawonekedwe a zipatso ndi. Iwo wozungulira, amatikumbutsa mazira, kuti kukhudza wandiweyani ndi yosalala. The peel ndi amphamvu, zingaoneke wandiweyani, koma kwenikweni wofatsa ndi nkomwe noticeable ndi kudya. Zipatso mtundu buluu pamwamba pa rind ali pang'ono zolengeza woyera, ndipo zikuoneka kuti zipatso yokutidwa ndi wamchisanu.

zamkati ali ndi zabwino chikasu, ndi yowutsa mudyo kwambiri, okoma, asidi lili pang'ono. Mkati ndi yaing'ono chowulungika woboola pakati fupa, izo ndithu chabe wosiyana mwana wosabadwayo. Pamene zapsa zipatso, fupa lokha exfoliate.

Wapakati kulemera kwa maula ndi - za magalamu sate-faifi. zipatso yosalala, onse ofanana kukula. The fungo si wowala, koma noticeable.

zokolola

Maula "dzira buluu", Kuwulura chimene kuwonjezekeredwa mitundu pamwamba si yodziwika ndi zokolola mkulu. Monga ife kale analemba okhwima mbewu akula mamita asanu, ndipo pamodzi naye okwana makilogalamu khumi ndi awiri a zipatso akhoza kuchotsedwa pachaka. The mbewu choyamba chidzaonekera zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi mutabzala. The ntchito zosiyanasiyana samoplodnye, izo sikutanthauza mungu.

Zima kumabweretsa ndithu chabe kukhetsa "dzira buluu". Impso si anakhudzidwa ngakhale pamene kutentha ndi adatchithisira digiri -35. anasamutsidwa kutentha zosiyanasiyana chomwecho si zabwino kwambiri. Mu nyengo yadzuwa zonse "Kukuwotcha" dzuwa mtengo amafuna chinyezi zina. Iwo ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi humidify masamba ndi kupopera ndi payipi kapena njira yapadera.

zosiyanasiyana The wakula ndi wamaluwa amene ntchito zipatso kudya munthu. Industrial makampani ulimi samenya zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa si waphindu.

Ubwino ndi Kuipa

Ngati chikhalidwe chilichonse, ku maula "dzira buluu" ndi khalidwe labwino ndiponso ayi. Kuti akhoza zimachitika pluses chiyani?

• Samoplodnye.
• Mkulu yozizira hardiness.
• Good transportability.
• Zokoma, wowala kukoma kwa chipatso.

Wa minuses ndi kusankha mitundu:

• otsika zokolola;
• kutalika kwa mtengowo.

Monga mmene taonera, lakuya zikuoneka kukhala okha. Sachedwa chifukwa, compotes, jellies kuwapeza chipatso cha chokoma kwambiri, wokongola. The bere kwambiri mavitamini ndi zipatso ankadya mwatsopano "ndi kuphulika". Wood komanso amakhala gawo chokongoletsera makamaka zabwino ndi onunkhira m'nthawi maluwa.

ankafika gawo

Maula mitundu "dzira buluu" chikondi bwino linawala malo, iye ndi mantha ndi mphepo, ndi chinyezi kwambiri. Muyenera kusankha malo okhalapo kumene nthaka madzi osachepera theka mita pansi. Analimbikitsa kubzala pa kum'mwera kwa nyumba kuteteza khoma mphepo, ndi malo chimawalitsika bola ngati dzuwa.

Khalidwe wangwiro wa nthaka - loam ndi mkulu kashiamu okhutira ndi otsika acidity. Ngati pali acidification, izo ziyenera kuti poyamba zopanda.

kukonzekera malo

Monga umati, wokonzeka tirigu m'chilimwe! Pereinachit pang'ono kuti: wokonzeka dziko kubzala mu kugwa. Pa malo osankhidwa kukumba dzenje akuya 60 masentimita awiri pafupifupi akhale kwa masentimita 70 ndi 80. Chofukula nthaka ayenera bwino proryhlit, apezeka ndi wosweka, unachitikira liming. Pansi pa dzenje komaliza ayenera kuthira muyeso umodzi wa phulusa nkhuni. Pambuyo pake, muyenera malo oyenerera kukaika, koma nthaka pamene kukumba kudzipatula, m'pofunika kuti akatidzadza. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kusakaniza ndi manyowa anawola kapena kompositi adzakhala okwanira ndowa ziwiri, kuwonjezera magalamu zana a superphosphate potaziyamu ndi theka kilogalamu wa superphosphate.

ankafika

Kusankha mmera amamvetsera chikhalidwe chake. Pasakhale kufufuza matenda kapena tizirombo, mu makungwa a chizindikiro ayenera katemera. mizu mmera kukhala olimba, popanda zowola ndi tinthu akufa.

Pamaso kubzala, mizu tiyenera kumizidwa m'madzi kwa maola asanu, ndiye kuchitira kukula chinthu ndi sapling msanga anagwira ndipo wapanga mizu yolimba.

Muyenera kudzala maula mpaka Mphukira, kuti ndi oyambirira masika, pamene chisanu onse ndisanadye nthawi kusungunula. Mu malo okonzeka kubzala m'pofunika kukumba dzenje, anaika woyamba mkulu, wamphamvu msomali ake, ndi pambuyo pake, ndi mmera pang'onopang'ono akumira mu nthaka, prisypaya. zomera ayenera ili kuti muzu khosi anali masentimita anayi kuchokera pansi. Monga momwe mtengo kuyamba kukhazikitsa bwino.

Pamene ntchito yaikulu zachitika kupita motere: tayi mmera kukhala msomali owazungulira proroyte ngalande kuti madzi zosavuta kuti madzi si kufalitsa m'mbali. Nthaka padziko ankafika ayenera zamulchirovat peat kapena utuchi kuti masentimita awiri. Modzala drizzle ndi mmera.

aftercare

M'chaka cha kubzala amafuna Kupalira ndi tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake, chisamaliro zofunika adzayamba nyengo yotsatira. Kodi muyenera kuchita?

Pachiyambi ndipo kumapeto kwa June, zingamuthandize mitengo asafe feteleza. Pa tsiku lachitatu ndi chaka chachinayi kutsatira dongosolo kufunika feteleza ntchito:

• feteleza mu May - atatu supuni yaikulu ya urea mu chidebe cha madzi;
• mu June - yofanana nitrophosphate ndowa;
• August - superphosphate ndi sulphate potaziyamu mu mulingo womwewo.

Chaka chachisanu cha pamwamba kuvala fetereza amapangidwa ndi yemweyo mu dongosolo lomwelo, koma chiwembu adzakhala motere: choyamba - pamaso maluwa, wachiwiri - akakhwima nthuza ndi wachitatu - kumapeto kwa nyengo pambuyo zokolola za mbewu.

M'pofunikanso kuti stably kubala tithe kumvetsa kumasulira nthaka padziko mtengo, kuchotsa namsongole, zimafunika zakudya, madzi, mulching kukhala chofunika kuchuluka kwa chinyezi.

The kudulira woyamba kwambiri zichitike nthawi yomweyo mutabzala zomera. M'pofunika kuchotsa nthambi zonse zosafunika, kusiya khumi champhamvu ndi amphamvu. Izi maziko a korona wako tsogolo la mtengo.

Pamene kudula sachita mosintha, simungathe tiyeni nthambi kukula mu nyansi, kupewa thickening korona, izo zidzapangitsa kuti kulephera kwa kuwala kwa chipatso.

Spring wapangidwa kuthetsa onse pribolevshy, mazira ndi zouma mphukira. akupeza bwino podkorachivat.

Makoswe chikondi maula khungwa, kotero muyenera kuteteza. Kuti akalulu ndi tizirombo tina mano sizinawakhudze tsinde, mauna ake polymeric Manga. Musaiwale za zopewera kupopera ndi matenda ndi tizilombo zoipa.

Maula "dzira buluu": Ndemanga

Kalasi kwa zaka zambiri mwakula pa malo awo okhala Mzere chapakati. Lembani kuti ndi maula wangwiro, limakula ndi kubala zipatso, ngakhale pamene zipatso zina chabe amaundana m'nyengo yozizira. Kutamandidwa kuphweka ake ndi zipatso zokoma, iwo kulemba kuti zokolola zokwanira kudya wambiri atsopano, ndi workpieces akhoza kukhala wamkulu ndi mtundu wina, zambiri zipatso.

Maula "dzira buluu" zithunzi zomwe mungathe kuona m'nkhani, ngati anthu, iwo amalangiza kuti anthu amene amazindikira kukoma chipatso, osati chiwerengero chawo. Lembani kuti n'kovuta kupeza zosiyanasiyana zimenezi chodabwitsa cha zokoma.