Matenda a Botkin: Osati kuti adziwe matenda a chiwindi

Matenda a Botkin, ndi njira zina - mliri wa chiwindi wamtenda, ankadziwika kwa madokotala kwa nthawi yaitali. Monga lamulo, opaleshoni anachita nawo, chifukwa adawona njirayi yothandizira matendawa. Mu 1888, Sergei Petrovich Botkin anapereka lingaliro limodzi, ndipo posakhalitsa anatsimikizira kuti catarrhal jaundice (panthaŵi imeneyo inali dzina la matenda) ali ndi kufalikira kwapatsirana ndipo samawononga kokha chiwindi, komanso thupi lonse lathunthu. Kale mu Soviet, asayansi atulukira kachilomboka ka chiwindi ndi kutsimikizira chiphunzitso cha Botkin.

Matenda a Botkin mu thupi la munthu akhoza kukwiyitsidwa ndi mitundu iwiri ya mavairasi - mtundu wa A ndi mtundu wa B. Gwero la matenda ndi munthu amene ali ndi matenda kapena kachilombo kamene ali m'thupi mwake akadakali m'kati mwake. Chilengedwe chimene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapezeka - magazi, chiwindi, madzi a m'mimba. Komabe, mukhoza kutenga kachilombo ka HIV ndi matenda odwala matenda a chiwindi , pamene kachilombo ka HIV kamasulidwa ku chilengedwe ndi munthu wodwala ndipo ayamba kuopseza ena. Pachifukwa ichi, mwapadera muyenera kulipidwa pa ukhondo wanu ndi ukhondo wa ukhondo - ndikofunika kusamba m'manja mukatha kukhala m'malo a anthu, ndi masamba ndi zipatso - musanayambe kumwa, ndikutsatira malamulo a kuphika (onani nthawi ya kutentha, ndi zina zotero). Matenda a chiwindi amatha kutenga kachilombo ka magazi, jekeseni, mankhwala ndi zodzoladzola.

Matenda a Botkin amakhudza kwambiri chiwindi, ndipo chiwindi chimakhudza thupi lonse. Mankhwala a metabolism amathyoka, maonekedwe a magazi amasintha. Asanayambe kusonyeza zizindikiro, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kupitirizabe mu thupi la munthu kuyambira masabata awiri mpaka mwezi. Pachifukwa ichi wonyamulira, osadzidziwa yekha, akhoza kuwononga ena.

Matenda a Botkin, zizindikiro zomwe zimadziwonetsera momveka bwino, sizimayambitsa matenda. Kawirikawiri, pachigawo choyamba cha odwala, malungo, iwo ali ndi chinsalu chosweka chifukwa cha mtundu wa dyspepsia. Kuwonjezera kuwonjezeka kwa thupi la thupi - odwala amatenga kutopa, kupweteka pamtundu wapamwamba wa quadrant m'chiwindi, kusowa kudya, nkhanza . Kutentha kumatha kukhala pamwamba pa subfebrile.

Pakati pa matendawa ndikuwulula kwambiri. Zolemba za khungu la odwala Botkin amakhala ndi chikasu chachikasu, makamaka chowonekera pa mapuloteni a maso, kamangidwe kake kam'kasu, thupi, miyendo. Chimake cha matendawa ndi kuyambira tsiku lachinayi mpaka lachisanu ndi chiwiri. Panthawi imeneyi, odwala amatopa kwambiri, sakufuna kusuntha. Amakhala ndi kupweteka kwa mutu, khungu pa khungu, thandizo lililonse kuchokera kwa anthu ena ozungulira iwo limakwiyitsa. Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kawirikawiri kumakhala kutentha. Chiwindi chimakula kukula, ndi kosavuta kuzindikira kuti ndi liti. Nkhumba ikhoza kusintha mu kukula (kumtunda). Mayeso a kachipatala a magazi ndi mkodzo amasonyeza kuwonjezeka kwa bilirubin, pamene nyansi zakuthengo zimatsitsa.

Matenda a Botkin ndi otalika - nthawi zina, chizindikiro cha symptomatology chimatenga miyezi iwiri kapena itatu. Muwopsa kwambiri wa matenda a chiwindi, chiwombankhanga chikhoza kuchitika m'chiwindi, chomwe, ngati sichipatsidwa chisamaliro choyenera, chikhoza kupha. Nthawi zambiri pamene matendawa amakhala ngati kuwala kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu, pafupifupi popanda kusintha mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo. Kenaka amalankhula za mtundu wofatsa wa maphunzirowa.

Mukhoza kutsimikizira kuti mtundu wa khungu umakhala wabwino, kukula kwa chiwindi kumachepa ndipo matenda osokonezeka m'mimba amatha. Nthaŵi zina pofuna kupeŵa kubwezeretsa wodwala ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi bungwe la zachipatala, ndikuyesera matenda a chiwindi.

Kuchiza matendawa kumakhala kuchipatala cha chipatala. Kawirikawiri amadwala kumeneko amathera masabata anayi. Chinthu chofunika kukumbukira ndi chakuti matenda a Botkin ndi ochiritsidwa, koma njira yotalikirapo yotereyi ndi yolondola, chifukwa chakuti matenda a chiwindi amatha kuyambitsa ena ndipo amachititsa mliri.