Masanjidwe Nawonso achichepere - izo ... Chitsanzo Zitsanzo

Masanjidwe Nawonso achichepere - Nawonso achichepere zochokera dongosolo mtengo. Malinga ndi mfundo ya kumanga kungafanane ndi dongosolo file kompyuta a. Ife ntchito chitsanzo ichi amakhazikitsa ubwino ndi kuipa, tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino, pamodzi ndi zitsanzo zambiri.

mafomu Nawonso achichepere

Monga amadziwika, kusiyanitsa mitundu anayi postoreniya Nawonso achichepere:

• Chiyanjano - tabular Nawonso achichepere, kumene mfundo mu mawonekedwe a mizere-mizati. Malinga ndi mfundo imeneyi, Nawonso achichepere yomwe ikumangidwa ku "Acces", mwachitsanzo.
• Chinthu wokonda - n'zogwirizanitsidwa ndi PLO (ndi mapulogalamu umene ife ntchito ndi zinthu), ndipo uyu ndi mwayi yaikulu, koma chifukwa cha ntchito yawo, iwo ali kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka ubale.
• Zophatikiza - DBMS anyamula ziwiri basi za mtundu pamwamba.
• Masanjidwe - chinthu chidwi cha nkhani imeneyi. Nawonso achichepere Izi amakhala ndi dongosolo mtengo-ngati.

Chitsanzo otchuka kwambiri Nawonso achichepere masanjidwe ndi cholengedwa chopangidwa ndi IBM ( "AyBiEm"), Information yakuti Management System (kutanthauziridwa monga "Management Information System"), chidule monga IMS. Baibulo loyamba IMS anabwerera kale, m'zaka makumi awiri, mu chaka sikisite chitatu. Izo ntchito yosungirako deta ndi ulamuliro lero.

Mfundo chitsanzo masanjidwe

The masanjidwe chitsanzo deta chimayendera mfundo zotsatirazi:

• aliyense mfundo dongosolo mtengo aikidwa mu gawo ndi ofananira;
• gawo ndi munda deta anatumizidwa wina dzina munda ndipo anavala mzere umodzi tuple;
• makalata wina: Kulowetsa wina ndi zigawo angapo linanena bungwe lililonse munda athandizira;
• aliyense mchitidwe structural pali wina ndi malo amodzi okha mu utsogoleri wolowezana wa dongosolo;
• mtengo dongosolo akuyamba ndi mchitidwe mizu;
• lililonse mfundo imodzi yokha kapolo kholo, koma gwero mwina ana angapo.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito masanjidwe dongosolo deta

Masanjidwe Nawonso achichepere - ichi yosungirako applicable kachitidwe anthu, limene pachiyambi yodziwika ndi dongosolo mtengo. Pakuti iwo kusankha kayeseleledwe ngati - n'zomveka.

Chitsanzo cha Nawonso achichepere masanjidwe poyamba systematized madigiri - unit asilikali, amene amadziwika kuti zodziwika bwino sukulu. Komanso, kungakhale njira zovuta ongokhala zonse zina chosavuta pansi particles utsogoleri wolowezana. Pakuti kayeseleledwe a m'magulu otere ndi kuwabweretsa iwo kwa mawonekedwe ankaona DB sipafunika kuwola ndinso. Komabe, zikatero ndiye sizichitika nthawi zonse.

Komanso, pali chizolowezi kwa kafufuzidwe kunsi amapanga chosavuta kuposa m'mwamba chomwecho.

zikuluzikulu pa Nawonso achichepere, anakonza pa chitsanzo masanjidwe

Kapangidwe ka Nawonso achichepere masanjidwe amalola bwino ndi pafupifupi seamlessly (malingana ndi luso) kuchita ntchito zotsatirazi (womwe osavuta, mndandanda wa nthawi zonse idzapitirizabe ndi kuwonjezapo zing'onozing'ono):

• mufufuze Nawonso achichepere a chinthu makamaka;
• kusintha kwa Nawonso achichepere - mumtengo;
• kusintha - nkhuni nthambi;
• Choncho, tinganene kuti nthambi - amafotokozera ndi mchitidwe;
• Ntchito ndi nyimbo: kulowetsa latsopano ndi / kapena panopa kuchotsa, kukopera, kudula, etc ...

Kumasulira zowombetsa mkota dongosolo la

Mawu akuti "mtengo" pofotokoza kapangidwe otchulidwa m'nkhaniyi ndi kale kuposa kamodzi. Ndi nthawi kukuuzani inu momwe izo zinachitika. Onse chifukwa Nawonso achichepere masanjidwe - ndi Nawonso achichepere chotero, chomwe amagwiritsa mtundu deta "mtengo". Tiyeni tione zimene imaimira.

Izi mtundu gulu: aliyense zinthu (mfundo) akhoza ophatikizidwa lotsatira ochepa (chimodzi kapena kuposa). Izo zonse akuyamba ndi chinthu umodzi mizu. Mfundo yofunika n'zakuti ndalama monga "mtengo" ndi subtype, kwambiri, "mtengo." Ambiri nthambi, ndi nyumba yonse bwino analamula.

Mitundu akhoza kukhala wophweka kapena pawiri, koma kwenikweni izo nthawizonse kujambula. Koma kujambula mophweka pali mtundu wina wa deta ndi mu mpanda wa - lonse ya iwo.

Masanjidwe chitsanzo ndi achilendo mfundo za mbewu, pamene aliyense gawo yapita ndi kholo pa nthawi ina. Komanso, mwana poyerekezera ndi mtundu kholo ndi mtundu wa kapolo, pamene lofanana imodzi timva zina mapasa ankaona.

Anadzaza Nawonso achichepere ndi

Deta chachikulu ndi masanjidwe Nawonso achichepere mfundo (manambala kapena zizindikiro) kusungidwa mu zolembedwa. Kulambalala ngati Nawonso achichepere ndi zambiri kuchokera pansi ndi kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja.

ulemu

Masanjidwe Nawonso achichepere - Nawonso achichepere amene ali chikwatu mizu pang'onopang'ono nthambi kunsi. Popeza kuti dongosolo zofanana kwambiri ndi dongosolo file, zapansi amenewa bwino ntchito kuchita ntchito zosiyanasiyana deta kompyuta. Pansi mzere: ndi Kugawilidwa kwanthaka zomveka yokumbukira ake, komanso yabwino kwambiri ntchito nthawi imene ntchito.

Lachitsanzo masanjidwe ndi abwino kwa ntchito mfundo zake ndondomeko.

zolakwa

Komabe, makhalidwe omwewo takambirana DBMSs kuti kukhala ubwino waukulu, komanso kudziwa zolakwa zawo. Mwachitsanzo, zovuta ndi vuto polumikizana zomveka - katswiri wodziwa zovuta kuntchito ndi maziko sankadziwika kumvetsa, ndi wosuta yosavuta Kodi "kusochera". Kuvuta umenewu umatipatsa kumvetsa zimene kwenikweni si Nawonso achichepere kwambiri anamanga pa chitsanzo masanjidwe. Chitsanzo ndi Nawonso achichepere masanjidwe, kuwonjezera pa mankhwala kale anafotokoza "AyBiEm" kampani "Oka" ndi Mieris (Russian kupanga), komanso Data Kudera ndi Team-PA (ku mabungwe akunja).

zitsanzo

Masanjidwe Nawonso achichepere - zosiyanasiyana magulu amene mabwenzi zimamangidwa. Schematically, zikuwoneka ngati Zithunzi kukalowa. Chitsanzo cha Nawonso achichepere masanjidwe - aliyense boma utsogoleri bungwe. Mwachitsanzo, sukulu.

Pa pamwamba adzakhala ili, "mtsogoleri wa" Administration - Director. Amagonjera wake wopita aphunzitsi, aphunzitsi mutu ndi - aphunzitsi amene kuyang'anira kufanana makalasi. Aliyense kufanana ochuluka mosadziwika wa iwo, ndipo aliyense kalasi ali ophunzira.

Mfundo imeneyi akhoza kulembedwa, ndi kasamalidwe ka bungwe lililonse. Mutu wa kampani kapena gulu la oyang'anira pamwamba. Kenako - ambiri mayunitsi aliyense amene umagwira ntchito dongosolo yake. Pali mbali wamba: pobweza iliyonse dipatimenti, wachiwiri wake, mlembi wake zoona, ndodo ofesi, ndi zina zotero.

Ntchito makompyuta mu

Pangakhale ntchito kwambiri. A chitsanzo chapadera cha masanjidwe data- m'munsi ndi filesystem. Onse bwino "Windows Explorer" wamangidwa mu ngale ya opaleshoni dongosolo "Vindous" Ndi chiwembu amenewa, komanso ambiri Mabwana ena file.

Nawonso achichepere Network

pali:

• ubale;
• masanjidwe;
• Intaneti zinasokoneza makompyuta.

N'chifukwa chiyani patsikuli zinandikumbutsa gulu la? Chifukwa, mosiyana ndi ubale maukonde Nawonso achichepere ali ndi kufanana masanjidwe.

Nthawi kukumbukira mitundu ya maubwenzi mu nkhokwe zachidziwitso. Pali kugwirizana, "limodzi ndi munthu", "limodzi ndi ambiri" ndi "ambiri ndi ambiri". Tili ndi chidwi chofuna otsiriza. Maukonde Nawonso achichepere akuwonekera motere: wina m'malo mfundo mwina makolo angapo. Chuma cha kukhala mbadwa zambiri anapulumutsa. Tikhoza kunena kuti zinasokoneza makompyuta masanjidwe, maukonde zinasokoneza makompyuta okha ali kale chitsanzo cha cholowa chimenecho. Makolo mu nkhani iyi ndi chabe Nawonso achichepere masanjidwe, monga mfundo yomanga nyumba maukonde mu Nawonso achichepere akhala sichinasinthe.

Aka ubale

Dzina "ubale" amachokera ku mawu akuti "mtima". Monga tanena kale m'nkhani ino, iwo amaonetsa mu mawonekedwe tabular. Koma m'ndime, ife ananena kuti Nawonso achichepere masanjidwe angathe kukonza kulankhulana, kodi zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti pakati pa mitundu iwiri pali ena ulusi wochenjera zimagwirizana pamodzi?

Inde. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala woyamba ndi mtundu chachiwiri adakali amatchula zinasokoneza makompyuta, kuwonjezera Mbali imeneyi pali chinthu chimodzi chofanana. Mwachitsanzo, Nawonso achichepere masanjidwe (maukonde ndi yofunika nazo) tingasonyezere tebulo. Apa sali mu maonekedwe imene nkhaniyo kwa wosuta kumapeto (ili ndi funso la mawonekedwe magwiritsidwe antchito), koma uthenga umene anali kusasintha pa zifukwa ziti. Choncho, kugawanika bwino mu Dipatimenti ndi mabwana awo, ndi mayunitsi ena adzapitiriza m'kukoma utsogoleri wolowezana, koma mayiko wabweretsedwa ku gome.