Mapulani Strategic za asilikali mafakitale zovuta

kukonzanso chuma ku Russia wakhala zaka pafupifupi 20., zachititsa kuti kusintha kwakukulu osati chuma komanso moyo wa dziko lonse. Panali kusintha kwa dongosolo latsopano ndale mfundo yatsopano ya mapulani ambiri m'madera a moyo wapoyera, nadza m'malo boma akumeneko pagulu-amapeza. Iwo unalengedwa pafupifupi dongosolo latsopano la ndalama dziko ndi anagwirira ntchito kwambiri njira yotsika mtengo lotseguka. Komabe, mavuto adakali anaima choimira umoyo ndi zachuma zochitika: umphawi, malipiro otsika, ndi zosiyanasiyana zochuluka za chuma kwa nzika zonse.

Kuti athetse onsewa mavuto ndi zachuma n'kofunika mapulano yaitali, umene kuonetsetsa citukuko za chuma. Malinga ndi mfundo panopa cha zimenezi akhoza ndipo ayenera podzafika kusintha kwa watsopano, amakono mfundo mapulani, ndi yotsika mtengo nzeru, ndi tikukonza osati pa ntchito zachilengedwe ndi pa ntchito nzeru za anthu, umisiri watsopano ndi luso.

Malinga ndi akuti ofufuza Russian mu chuma m'mayiko Western pali azilandira kunsi azimuth mu buku la kafukufuku m'munda wa manja ndi kupanga nkhondo ndi inapita patsogolo kukula kwa ndalama kafukufuku zofunika sayansi. Russia pa chiyambi cha kukonzanso chuma, monga wolowa ndi wolowa nyumba wa USSR anali amphamvu kwambiri dziko la sayansi ndi luso zovuta, koma pafupifupi onse zovuta wakhala wosiyana chuma zosakhudzana ndi msika wa ogula wonse. The specialization chachikulu, anapatsidwa zenizeni za "nkhondo ozizira" anali umalimbana yokonza ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale chitetezo cha dziko. Ichi chimatanthauza kuti pafupifupi atulukira zonse za sayansi m'munda wa mkulu-luso mfundo kukonzekera ntchito gawo ili kupanga chitukuko, ankaona mwa prism wa applicability mu asilikali mafakitale zovuta. Ambiri mwa zaluso akuyendera dziko lolunjika pa chitukuko ndi kupanga zida osati kupanga wamba.

Zoonekeratu zoipa mbali anali vybrakovyvanie ambiri umisiri zimene sizikugwirizana ndi asilikali mafakitale zovuta, ndipo lonse malangizo moyenera sanalandire tcheru woyenera asayansi, monga mwachionekere sichiri zosowa za makampani usilikali. Pa accrual maziko, ndipo mwina chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu za mkulu zamakono Russian msika ano ndi structural mismatch kuchuluka kwa luso mkulu, anazindikira makampani chitetezo ndiponso kusapezeka pafupifupi mu gawo la anthu wamba. Ndicho kusintha kwa mfundo yatsopano ya chitukuko cha mafakitale ndi kuthetsa vutoli izi.

China chokhumudwitsa chomwe Russian zina zamakono msika ndi kuchepetsa likulu anthu. Pakali pano, ngati tikambirana tanthauzo la mawu oyamba umisiri watsopano kupanga nzeru, kuphatikizapo misika zina zamakono, gwero lalikulu la chuma m'dzikoli ndi nzeru ndi luso. Choncho, malinga ndi World Bank, pafupifupi mazana awiri mayiko, likulu thupi (ndalama chuma chogwirika) ali% pafupifupi 16 a chuma okwana zachilengedwe kufunika angathe Akuti pa 20%, koma phindu likulu anthu ndi 64%. Today mu Russia, Chiwerengerochi ndi ankalemekeza 14,72 ndi 14%, ndipo mu Germany, Japan ndi Sweden - 80%. Russia, ndi wautali kwambiri zachilengedwe (27% chuma dziko), kuphatikizapo 11% chuma zongowonjezwdwa dziko, ali% 8 yokha ya otchedwa likulu anthu amene ali kugwiritsidwa ntchito za 3%, pamene kwa United States chithunzi ndi 28 , 5%, mayiko a European - 50%.

Kuti chibwerere mwakale kuli kovuta, koma n'kotheka. Bwino anasankha yake zina magawo a asilikali mafakitale zovuta mapulani chitukuko ndi chuma mulingo woyenera limeneli, akhoza kupereka angathe kukonzanso mafakitale mogwirizana ndi zimene zikuchitika masiku ano.