Manja osiyana m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi lakuti awo

Munthu aliyense mu moyo wanu ambiri amagwiritsa chinenero thupi, lomwe ndi mbali yofunika ya kulankhulana. mawu alionse nthawi zonse limodzi ndi nkhope ndi zochita: manja, zala mutu. manja osiyana m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, komanso kulankhula wapadera ndi m'zigawozigawo ankachitira. Only chizindikiro chimodzi gulu lililonse thupi popanda cholinga chilichonse njiru, akhoza yomweyo kuwononga wosakhwima bwino kumvetsa ndi kukhulupirira.

Chogwirika kukhudzana - mmodzi wa njira kulankhulana

chinenero chamanja m'mayiko osiyanasiyana chidwi anthu ambiri. The yogwira ambiri wake katswiri French ndi Italy, amene pafupifupi mawu limodzi ndi nkhope, dzanja kukupiza, kayendedwe chala. Ambiri mwa kulankhulana chogwirika kukhudzana (ie kukhudza), amene m'madera ena chabe zosavomerezeka. Mwachitsanzo, mu England-kukhudza sakuvomereza mfundo ndi mbali akuyesetsa kukhalabe mtunda pakati pa "kutalika dzanja la". Only mu Cambridge analola chanza pachiyambi ndi kumapeto kwa nyengo ya maphunziro. Pakuti mtunda German anatengera mu England, ndi chochepa, kotero mlendo la Germany wokha popanda interlocutor kwa chinthu china theka. Saudis kulankhula, pafupifupi kupuma nkhope zina, pamene Latin America izo kukonza zoyenda aliyense tangential.

Nodi: ndi polarity makhalidwe manja

Mtengo wa manja m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi ukasintha osiyana. Anthu amene tanthauzo bwino kwa ife kumapeto a dziko ankachitira zosiyaniratu. Mwachitsanzo, mu Russia ndi Europe mu mutu inde mutu ndi phindu "inde" mu India, Greece, Bulgaria akuimira negation, ndi mosemphanitsa: mutu akutembenukira uku m'mayikowa ndi mawu. Mwa njira, mu Japan, "ayi" chimaoneka ndi makhwatha a swaying uku, ndi Neapolitans anasonyeza kusagwirizana vzdergivaniem mutu ndi disapproving lofufuma kwambiri mbali imodzi Mlomo, ndi Malta, zikuwoneka ngati chibwano kukhudza nsonga zala pamene zimayenda patsogolo burashi.

lowani chinenero m'mayiko osiyanasiyana kutanthauzira kugwedeza, oddly mokwanira, pafupifupi ofanana kulikonse: njakata ndiponso kusamvetsetsa.

Pitani mwa index chala ku kachisi wake, Russia ndi French lofotokoza kupusa interlocutor kapena umboni zamkhutu ndi absurdity, analankhula kudzera milomo yake. Mu Spain ndi manja omwewo adzasonyeza kusakhulupirirana ya woyankhula, ndi Netherlands M'malo mwake, nzeru zake. England kumasulira zoyenda pa kachisi monga "Moyo malingaliro anu", mu Italy izo zikusonyeza kuti pali dongosolo paubale ndi chinacho.

Movement wa chala choyamba

Mu America, chala chachikulu kukwezedwa oposa, pofuna kuti akakole magalimoto kukwera. mtengo wake wachiwiri, lomwe aliyense - "chabwino", "Super", "ozizira!". Mu Greece, ndi manja mwamphamvu amalimbikitsa ziri chete. Choncho, American, kuyesera kumugwira panjira Greece Passing magalimoto adzayang'ana wokongola kupusa. Mu Saudi Arabia, ndi manja, limodzi ndi kupotoza zoyenda ya chala chachikulu ndi chithandizo zambiri achipongwe ndipo limatanthauza 'scram kuno. " The England ndi ku Australia kuzindikira chizindikiro monga tikunyoza chikhalidwe kugonana, Aluya, amagwirizanitsidwa ndi chizindikiro cha chigololo. Chala molumikizana ndi manja zina imaimira mphamvu ndi ukulu. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu zochitika kumene ulamuliro ena akuyesetsa kusonyeza ntchito yake pa ena, amene ndi wokonzeka chabe aphwanye chala. Choncho, manja m'mayiko osiyanasiyana zosiyana tanthauzo ndi mwina mosadziwa mukunyoza ndi interlocutor.

N'zochititsa chidwi chala izi amaliona Italy: ndi mfundo Buku. Kwa Russian ndi English, adzakhala wachisanu ndi bilu akuyamba ndi index lapansi.

M'zigawozigawo tanthauzo momveka bwino kwa aliyense, "Chabwino"

Amadziwika kuzungulira chizindikiro dziko popangidwa ndi chala chanu ndi mkombaphala mu mawonekedwe a nambala "ziro" wakhalapo kwa zaka zoposa 2500 zaka. Manja "bwino" m'mayiko osiyanasiyana amasiyana tanthauzo lake ndi kutanthauzira ya makhalidwe:

• "Zonse zili bwino", "bwino" - mu United States ndi mayiko ena;
• "Dummy", "ziro" - mu Germany ndi France;
• "Ndalama" - mu Japan;
• "Ndipita ku gehena" - Suriya;
• "Ine kukupha" - mu Tunisia;
• chachisanu mfundo - mu Brazil;
• amuna - m'mayiko ozungulira nyanja ya Mediterranean;
• monga mwano manja - mu Portugal.

Kale, chizindikiro ichi ankaona chizindikiro cha chikondi, chosonyeza nampsopsonetsa milomo. Komanso amalembedwa wodziŵa kulankhula kwa mawu oyenera kapena woonda aphorism. Ndiye manja aiwala ndi kubadwa kwatsopano anagula mu m'ma 19 ku America, kutanthauza zamakono "onse zabwino." manja kusiyana m'mayiko osiyanasiyana zachititsa kuti zimene zinachitika ku Germany chitsanzo pamene dalaivala wina anasonyeza zizindikiro za "bwino" pa windo la galimoto yake apolisi, omwe ankayendetsa zapitazi. Last adakhumudwa ndi akuzengedwa mlandu wopalamulayo. Woweruza, kuphunzira mabuku osiyanasiyana ndilibe mlandu dalaivalayo. Chowakonda anali ndi tanthawuzo pawiri chizindikiro chimene n'cholandirika Germany. azichitira A anasonyeza zizindikiro aliyense ali ndi ufulu m'njira yakeyake, monga manja matanthauzo m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi wapadera. Mmodzi ayenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuti.

V - kumatanthauza "kupambana"

manja osiyana m'mayiko osiyanasiyana kusiyanitsa dziko wotchuka V woboola pakati chizindikiro, unakhala wotchuka pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, ndi otaya kosavuta Winston Churchill. Potsirizira dzanja la anayamba kumbuyo kwa wolankhulayo, izo zimatanthauza "kupambana". Ngati dzanja ndi osiyana - zimasonyeza amanyamula nagonjetsa amatanthauza "wotsekedwa."

A pang'ono ndi chosayenera manja

manja lakuti m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi nthawi zina zosiyana tanthauzo, kuti munthu yekhayo ndikudabwa anthu zongopeka. Bwino onse kuyambira ubwana nthawi mkuyu bwinobwino m'masiku akale. Japanese kuvomerezana kutumikira kasitomala, ntchito kuchita zimenezi. Pakuti Asilavo, anachita ngati chithumwa ndi mphamvu zoipa, katangale ndi diso loipa. Modern wowerengeka mankhwala amatenga osakaniza zala zitatu monga masiku akale, koma amachitira sty ake. Ngakhale kumvetsa wamba kuchita zimenezi amanyamula zolawula.

Zizindikiro zimakopa mkombaphala ku Asia amaoneka kuti manja nthabwala. M'mayiko osiyanasiyana, iwo kutanthauziridwa monga pempho kufikako (njira). Kwa anzake a ku Philippine manyazi, amene akhoza kumangidwa, chifukwa kuchonderera zogwirizana okha mwachibale kwa galu.

Kwambiri mwano ndi kuzindikira manja, alipo kuyambira nthawi yakale - wina anadzuka pakati chala womwe ndi temberero chosayenera kwambiri. chizindikiro Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha mwamuna limba kugonana, mbamuikha ndi oyandikana zala - scrotum.

Anawoloka index ndi zala pakati akuimira maliseche wamkazi, ndi West ntchito monga chitetezo ku sglaza.

Chidwi manja m'mayiko osiyanasiyana padziko lonse, n'kumaitana interlocutor kumwa. Mu Russia amadziwika onse chithunzithunzi cha zala pa khosi lake, ndi ku France kuchita ndi kukanda chala chachikulu chomwecho ndi mkombaphala.

Ndithu French manja

Yemweyo French (Mexican, Chitaliyana, Spanish), ngati mukufuna kuloza kwa ena kuyengedwa ndi kudziŵa kulibweretsa ilo kwa milomo yake chikugwirizana ndi nsonga za zala zitatu ndi chibwano zokhazokha, akutumiza kukupsopsonani. Choncho akufotokoza kwabasi. Komanso, chizindikiro kwa anthu a m'mayiko amenewa ndi odziwika kwambiri monga Asilavo mutu.

Akusisita mphuno m'munsi index chala zikusonyeza n'ngwokayikitsa ndipo Muzisamala mtima kuti interlocutor lapansi. Mu Netherlands, kuchita zimenezi adzasonyeza munthu mowa kuledzera, mu England - tikakhala ndi mwachinsinsi. Spain amati ndi chipongwe kuwonana khutu chala, zikutanthauza "gay pakati pathu." Mu Lebanon, mawuwa kutanthauziridwa kukanda nsidze yosavuta.

Monga chizindikiro cha Changu cha lingaliro wina la German pochita nacho chidwi kulera nsidze. England kuvomereza kuchita zimenezi ngati maganizo okayikira kwa iye. Komano, pogogoda mphumi pake, iye amasonyeza kukondweretsedwa, luso lawo. Chomwechi manja nthumwi Holland, ndi kokha chala index anawonjezera oposa amatanthauza kukhutitsidwa interlocutor malingaliro. Ngati index chala akuloza pambali, ndi kukambirana naye, kuziyika izo modekha, dolt.

Dzanja manja m'mayiko osiyanasiyana bwanji kumasulira kwake. Mwachitsanzo, mu Russia poyera ndi akusisita wina ndi mzake awiri zala index zikuimira "banja labwino momasuka", mu Japan ndi manja omwewo akufotokoza unsolvability kukambirana ndi munthu vuto.

zizindikiro zochenjeza

manja osiyana m'mayiko osiyanasiyana wamatama kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati odutsa mu Tibet adzakusonyezani chinenero sayenera kumwa imeneyi ndi mbali negative. Izi zikutathandauza, "Ine ndiribe kanthu kotsutsa simuli mpaka. Ine osadandaula. "

The chizindikiro "Chenjezo" mu Italy ndi Spain anasonyeza kukoka index chala ya kudzanja lamanzere kwa chikope m'munsi. Ngati ankakhala ku England wasankha kulanga aliyense, izo adzautsa zala ziwiri pamodzi, ndipo chidzawononga cholinga ichi. Mu America, ndi manja kuchigwira mosiyana - monga Mgwirizano wa anthu awiri, umodzi awo.

maboti Palm woboola mu Italy likuimira nkhaniyi ndi kuitana mfundo, mu Mexico - pempholo kulipira uthenga wofunika kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza chala index ndi chala kupanga "nyanga" ya ku France adzakhala amaona mawu a kusakhulupirira theka lake, ndipo kwa Italy manja izi kuziona ngati chithumwa ku diso zoipa Colombia - zabwino zonse. The chizindikiro "mbuzi" ndi chizindikiro lonse la anthu ogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo.

Yokhotakhota gulu la index chala India yanditsutsa munthu bodza analankhula iwo.

N'zochititsa chidwi chiŵerengero a zikhalidwe zosiyana ndi malo manja. Choncho, mu Middle East, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Africa ndi Indonesia dzanja lamanzere imatengedwa zauve, choncho aliyense ndi chovuta kufikira aliyense ndalama, chakudya, mphatso, ndi kudya. CHENJEZO ayenera kumwedwa kwa manja kumuika trouser matumba wake. Mu Argentina, amaona chosayenera. Mu Japan, inu simungakhoze kukoka pa lamba kwa anthu, monga izi zikhoza kukhala anazindikira monga chiyambi cha hara-kiri.

Welcome chikhalidwe

Manja za moni m'mayiko osiyanasiyana amasiyana wapadera. Chinthu choyamba mu msonkhano dzina. Mu Japan, dzina si ngakhale pamisonkhano mwamwayi. Muyenera kukhala ceremonious uta ndi manja apangidwe pachifuwa pake. Kusiyana ndi mwakuya, ndi ulemu chimaoneka alendo. Mu Spain moni, kupatula chanza mwachizolowezi, nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi mawu mofulumira chimwemwe ndi manja.

Mu Lapland, moni wina ndi mzake, anthu opaka mphuno.

Tsalani a zikhalidwe zosiyana ndi osiyana. Italy dzanja lake, okondwa zikumenyetsedwa kumbuyo munthu, kusonyeza kumakhala kutengera kwa izo; mu France ndi manja akuimira "kutuluka kuno ndipo sindinayambe samabwera."

Manja pa asiyane

Mu Latin America, anthu akhululukidwa, nakodola ndi dzanja lake m'mwamba, amene amaona afotokoze kubwera kwa Russia. Azungu ku asiyane kwezani dzanja lake kupotokera zala zanu. Anthu a Islands Andaman pa asiyane kutenga dzanja la kucheza, nachiyika milomo yake ndi modekha zisawombe padziko izo.

Tsopano ponena za kupereka mphatso. Mu China, anaganiza manja onse, mwinamwake izo ukhala ngati kusalemekeza. Ndi zofunika atumiza mphatso popereka munthu wake ndi zonse tiweramitse, motero kuyamikila. Simungapereke wotchi kuimira imfa, ndi ma CD imene mphatso atakulungidwa, sayenera woyera. Mu Japan, Mosiyana, pofotokoza anapanga atumiza nyumba, kuti manyazi munthu chifukwa cha zotheka nsembe wodzichepetsa.

Kumwetulira - ndi "mpandadenga" manja

Non-wapakamwa kulankhulana (thupi) ndi wordless kufotokoza mfundo mothandizidwa ndi nkhope kapena manja ndi amalola munthu kufotokoza maganizo ake mogwira mtima. manja popanda mawu n'komwe m'mayiko osiyanasiyana yodziwika ndi tanthauzo yosiyana. The kokha chida chilengedwe kuti pabwino adzitha interlocutor ndi kumwetulira oona mtima ndi lotseguka. Choncho, ntchito manja osiyana m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, nthawi zonse "adani" panjira ndi chida zamatsenga.