Malingaliro a chipatala. Miyezo yosamalira odwala

Dokotala aliyense amachitira anthu, kudalira osati ntchito zawo zokha, komanso pothandizira zachipatala zomwe amanena zomwe adokotala ayenera kuchita pazochitika zilizonse. Chifukwa cha zifukwa zoterezi, katswiri angathe kusankha bwino njira yothandizira, kuyezetsa kuyesa, njira zothandizira komanso kusonyeza momwe wodwala angakhalire kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala.

Malingaliro a chipatala: ndi chiyani?

Ili ndi malamulo ovomerezeka omwe amathandizira ogwira ntchito ndi odwala kupanga zisankho zazikulu zokhudzana ndi chithandizo chokwanira. Mpaka pano, pali ziwerengero zazikulu za dokotala wogwira ntchito m'munda wina. Chaka chilichonse, zimakhala zowonjezereka, monga njira zatsopano zochiritsira kapena matenda omwe amawonekera.

Ngati dokotala akupeza kuti ali ndi zovuta kwambiri ndipo sakudziwa zomwe angasankhe pazochitika zinazake, ndiye chifukwa cha zofunikira zomwe angapeze njira yowatulukira ndikupatsira wodwalayo mankhwala ovomerezeka.

Kodi cholinga cha malamulo a boma ndi chiyani?

Pakadali pano, malangizidwe azachipatala amalola dokotala kupeza njira yokwanira yothetsera vutoli, popeza izi ndi izi:

• Kupereka yankho lolondola pa funso linalake pogwiritsira ntchito njira za mankhwala ozikidwa pa umboni.
• Thandizani katswiri kuti asankhe bwino.
• Kupatsidwa kwa miyezo pa chithandizochi, motero n'zotheka kupereka mwayi woyenerera wolandira thandizo la mankhwala.
• Kupanga chiŵerengero chokwanira cha mtengo ndi khalidwe pogwiritsa ntchito zochepa.
• Kulimbikitsidwa kwa ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi odwala ku maphunziro.

Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndi kupereka dokotala chidziwitso chomwe chimalola kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri ya mankhwala ndi kafukufuku. Maphunziro othandizira odwala matenda opatsirana ndi chithandizo amalola kuti tipeze njira yothandizira wodwalayo kuti tipeze machiritso komanso kuti tipewe mwayi wochotsa mankhwala osayenera.

Kodi madandaulo a madokotala amapanga bwanji?

Pamene chidziwitso cha akatswiri akuwonjezeka, chiwerengero cha thandizo lachipatala ndi chithandizo chikukula, dokotala ayenera kumathera nthawi yochuluka ndi kuyesa kufufuza, kufufuza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso ichi. Panthawi yolangizidwa, ndondomeko zovuta kwambiri zatsimikiziridwa kale ndi olemba, zonse zimayikidwa mitu, ndipo adokotala adzatha kupeza yankho lolondola ku funso lovuta kwambiri nthawi yochepa kwambiri.

Malingaliro a chipatala ndi mtundu wa chida cha dokotala kugwira ntchito iliyonse, yomwe imalola kuchepetsa kusiyana pakati pa chizoloŵezi ndi msinkhu wamankhwala amakono. Dokotala ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yothandizira odwala, osakafunafuna zambiri. Chifukwa cha magulu oterowo, pamene zonse zikufotokozedwa momveka bwino, angathe kupeza mwamsanga chigawo chofunikira, ndi yankho lomveka bwino la funsolo.

Zotsatira ndi zowonongeka za zoyamikira zachipatala

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ovomerezeka kumathandiza kuti munthu athe kupeza mankhwala ozikidwa pazifukwa zamakono komanso kuti athe kusintha bwino matendawa, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mavuto aakulu komanso osachiritsika.

Chotsatira chachikulu cha malangizowo ndichoti sichigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu umoyo wa boma wa Russian. Pali zovuta zambiri potengera zotsatira za kafufuzidwe, sizingatheke kuti tigwiritse ntchito izi kapena uphungu pazochitika zina.

Koma kuwonjezera kwakukulu ndikuti chifukwa cha matanthauzo onsewa n'zotheka kuchepetsa kufa kwa odwala ndikupangitsa kuti matendawa asinthe. Kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo othandizira kuchipatala, n'zotheka kupereka wodwala mankhwala omwewo, mosasamala kuti ndi ndani komanso kumene amapatsidwa chithandizo. Koma madokotala awa amalangizira adzawonjezera mphamvu yothandizira pazovuta kwambiri komanso nthawi zina zosasintha.

Malingaliro a chipatala mu matenda a ana

Pa gawo lililonse la mankhwala: matenda a mtima, opaleshoni ndi ena - mapulogalamu olembedwa ndi opangidwa. Iwo sananyalanyaze matenda a ana. Malingaliro ochipatala a chithandizo cha ana ali ndi mayankho ochulukirapo pa chithandizo cha matenda omwe amabwera ana, omwe onse akukonzekera ndi Union of Pediatricians. Amaphatikizapo ndondomeko za dokotala kuti azindikire, ateteze, ateteze ndi kukonzanso odwala ang'onoang'ono.

Chifukwa cha izi, dokotala akhoza kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga pa milandu yoopsa kwambiri. Zokonzekera zoterezi zimakuthandizani kuti mupeze yankho lolondola ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera yothandizira, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri pazovuta kwambiri. Makamaka pamene chigamulo cha makolo kuti achite njira inayake ndi chofunika. Ndipotu, nthawi zambiri ndi makolo omwe samvetsa kuopsa kwa mkhalidwe wawo ndipo angathe kuwonetsa mwana wawo mosadziŵa kuti awononge mwana wawo mosazindikira.

Zomwe zimayamikiridwa mu matenda

Musanadziwe bwinobwino wodwalayo, muyenera kuchita maphunziro angapo, ndipo chifukwa cha chithandizo chawo mungathe kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Pofuna kusankha kusankha phunziroli kapena izi, njira zothandizira anthu odwala matendawa zinapangidwa. Ndi chifukwa cha wothandizira uyu mungathe kudziwa molondola kuti njira ziti zowunikira ziyenera kuyenera zizindikiro zomwe wodwalayo akufotokoza.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti magulu oterowo athandize ngati wodwalayo akukayikira kuti akuyenera kupeza matenda omwe anauzidwa. Njira zatsopano zogwiritsira ntchito matenda zimapezeka nthawi zonse, ndipo chifukwa cha malangizo ena, dokotala angaphunzitse ziyeneretso zake ndikuphunzira zatsopano.

Konzani kayendedwe ka wodwalayo

Kawirikawiri wodwala, kutembenukira kwa dokotala, sangathe kufotokoza bwino zizindikiro za matendawa, choncho dokotala ayenera kumvetsa mwamsanga zomwe akudandaulazo ndi kupereka njira zoyenera zogwiritsira ntchito matendawa, ndipo atatha kuwapeza ndikuyamba mankhwala. Mbiri ya wodwalayo imayamba pamene wodwalayo akudutsa pa ofesi ya dokotala.

Ndikofunikira kuti muzitsatira bwino mbiri yachipatala, monga khadi lidayambika kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo mfundo zofunika kwambiri zingathandize madokotala kuthetsa mavuto ovuta kwambiri. Maphunziro othandizira odwala odwala amathandiza dokotala kulemba kalatayo, kulemba mankhwala, kusankha malo othandizira: kuchipatala kapena kunyumba. Komanso kulembera pepala lachakudya, popanda kuphwanya miyezo iliyonse.

Miyezo ya chithandizo chamankhwala

Miyezo ndi kufotokozedwa kwachidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kwa wodwala ali ndi mtundu wina wa matendawo monga mawonekedwe a tebulo. Ntchito yaikulu, yomwe inatsatiridwa ndi iwo omwe adalimbikitsa mayankho a chipatala, ndondomeko zoyendetsera matenda, anali:

• Kukonzekera kwa mndandanda wa mankhwala omwe alipo pa mankhwala.
• Kutsimikiza kwa kuchuluka kwa chisamaliro choyenerera ndi dokotala kuti apeze molondola mtengo wa kupereka.

Kuti adziwe zoyenera, akatswiri oyenerera ankagwira ntchito. Anathandizira kuti adziwe bwino momwe angakhalire ndi momwe angakhalire komanso kuti adziwe mitundu yonse yofunikira, yomwe imayambitsa mtundu wa matenda ndi mtundu wa mankhwala.

Kodi mawonekedwe a muyezo amawoneka bwanji?

Mkhalidwe uliwonse poyamba umayamba ndi chitsanzo cha wodwalayo, chomwe chiyenera kusungidwa molingana ndi dongosolo lomwe laperekedwa. Chitsanzo cha muyezochi chimaphatikizapo zizindikiro za wodwalayo, kuwonetsa njira zamaphunziro opatsirana ndi njira zamankhwala:

• Dzina la mawonekedwe athu kapena matenda.
• Ndondomeko ya ICD-10.
• Gawo la matenda ndi malo oyenerera pazochitikazo.
• Zingatheke zovuta, ngati zilipo, zingakhalepo, kapena kupezeka kwawo.

Mkhalidwewo ukhoza kukhala wopangidwa ndi chitsanzo chimodzi kapena zingapo. Kwa aliyense wa iwo, wodwalayo amapatsidwa zikhalidwe zothandizira ma chipatala kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala, ndipo ndondomeko zowunikira, kupewa, chithandizo ndi kukonzanso zimaperekedwanso.

Mkhalidwewo ukhoza kuwonetsedwanso ngati ntchito zophweka za bungwe la zachipatala, monga kuyeza thupi, mapuloteni okhuta mu mkodzo, ndi zovuta kwambiri - phwando lalikulu la katswiri. Kuyesedwa kulikonse kumayesedwa m'njira yake yomwe mwazimenezo.

Ngati dokotalayo ali woyamba kapena aiwala kuti zonse zimapangidwa, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi miyezo yatsopano, ndi kudzaza zonse malinga ndi zikhalidwe. Pa malo aliwonse a zamankhwala ali ndi miyezo ndi ndondomeko zomwe zimasinthidwa nthawi zonse ndi njira zatsopano zowonetsera ndi zothandizira. Malangizowa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi wodwalayo ngati akukayikira za kulondola kwa mankhwala a dokotala kapena kusankha bwino kukonzanso.