Mabanga hyena. Kufotokozera, malo okhala

Mu Africa, wapaulendo wosadziwa zimayambitsa mavuto ambiri iliyonse. kontinenti Izi anthu nyama zosiyanasiyana, chimene ndi bwino kukumana yekha. Si monga mikango, ng'ona, akambuku, cheetahs, rhinos njovu ndi afisi koma. Usiku, ogwirira izi wochezeka adamulowetsa, ndipo tsoka kwa apaulendo amene analibe nthawi kupasuka ndi bonfire lalikulu ndi M'sitolo ndi nkhuni usiku.

Mabanga hyena - woimira waukulu wa nyama scavenging. Iwo kwambiri ophatikizapo makhalidwe onse, makhalidwe ndi dongosolo, ankaikira mitundu. Kutalika kwa thupi wamawangamawanga hyena ndi kwa masentimita 95 ndi 166, mchira - kuchokera masentimita 26 ndi 36, ndipo afota kutalika - pafupifupi 80 cm.

mitundu, ngakhale ndi kukula ochepa Komabe, oopsa kwa anthu, makamaka gululo. Izi ndi mdani woopsa kwambiri. Afisi mabanga - nyama okha amene nsagwada ndi Ngokhoza kulenga mavuto kwambiri (makilogalamu 50 70 pa lalikulu cm.). Ndi wosavuta osokoneza mafupa a Mvuu. afisi mabanga zalembedwa mu Red Book. Iwo amakhala zakutchire ndi zaka 25 mu ukapolo - mpaka makumi anai.

Malo a afisi mabanga - Wild Africa

Mtundu uwu wa ogwirira lingapezeke mu Africa. Malo ambiri a afisi mabanga - m'madera onse a kum'mwera kwa Sahara. Izi zili choncho makamaka kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa kwa Africa, pafupi Cape of Good Hope, mu Chigwa cha Ngorongoro, mu Kenya, pa Serengeti, Botswana ndi Namibia.

Wild Africa wolemera mu chipululu ndi mtunda nkhalango, koma pali mabanga afisi sanalembedwepo. Malo ankakonda okhala - ndi savannah. nyama zimenezi si ochezeka kwambiri ndi anthu ena a mtundu wawo, choncho nthawi zambiri kunja kwa milozo ndi afisi bulauni kwawo m'mipando yawo.

ndi hyena wamawangamawanga Kodi

Oimira mtundu uwu ndi waukulu wakuda ikhale pamphuno chokhala ngati galu, ndi makutu anamaliza. Mu afisi wamawangamawanga ndi mphamvu za nsagwada kwambiri, kumbuyo mumbali, kunsana miyendo wamfupi kusiyana kutsogolo. Ngakhale kutalika m'goli wa miyendo, afisi angafikire liwiro mpaka 65 km / h. Miyendo ogwirira tetradigitate chiombankhanga retract. Pamene akuthamanga afisi yoponda pa zala. Ubweya nyama yochepa, kupatula tsitsi coarse pa nsana ndi khosi, kupanga manyenje.

mtundu

Mabanga hyena ali zingapo zimene mungachite kuti ochekenera. Zimakhala mdima kapena kuwala. Odula mtundu - chikasu-bulauni ndi mdima kapena kuwala bulauni mawanga pa thupi. The kuipanikiza ndi wakuda, kumbuyo kwa mutu ali azioneka utoto. Mutu bulauni, popanda mawanga. miyendo miyendo ndi kukhudza wa imvi. Mchira - bulauni ndi wakuda kwenikweni.

mawu

Hyena mabanga limafalitsa ndi 11 chizindikiro audio. A kuchema yaitali, ngati "kuseka", nyama ntchito funsani mzake. Pa ndewu kwa zofunkha iwo "giggle", "kuseka", lagwiritsidwa ndi kumafuula. Moans ndi kukuwa ntchito moni.

N'zochititsa chidwi pa phokoso la gulu la amuna izo Yankho kawirikawiri kapena belatedly, ndi chizindikiro choperekedwa ndi akazi, nthawi yomweyo. Low apange ukali ndi grunting phokoso (ndi pakamwa anatseka) kufotokoza mokwiya. High "kuseka" ngati kaja sikamakhoza kumvetsa kuluku, lofalitsidwa ndi kusangalala kapena ngozi (mwachitsanzo, pamene hyena kuwathamangitsa). Okweza kwambiri akututuma lagwiritsidwa ogwirira ntchito kuukira ndi chitetezo, vuto. Pamene Mkango hyena akukamba chizindikiro anzake mokweza otsika apange ukali.

Wolowezana m'masukulu

afisi Wild m'dziko mabanja matriarchal, malo kuti 1,800 sq. Km. M'magulu pali okhwima wolowezana. Akazi zatenga malo lalikulu pa atsikana. Pankhaniyi pali zina kulekana therebetween. Akuluakulu waukulu. Choyamba chitani kudya, kumasuka pamaso pa dzenje, kukula mbewu zambiri. Akazi malo apansi mu paketi samamvetsa maudindo awa, koma a pakati pa utsogoleri wolowezana.

Amuna kutenga rung kuthungo. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo anaonanso kulekana ofanana. Mu anthu okalamba ali patsogolo mwayi kwa akazi. Komabe, zonse kusonyeza kumvera wamba kwa kugonana ena. Pakuti amuna kuswana zambiri kujowina touluka latsopano.

Pakati afisi wamawangamawanga akupitiriza yapakati-Fuko nkhondo malo. Malire a gawo nthawi zonse woyenda ndi ogwirira awa ndi ndowe tasiyana secretions kumatako zopangitsa odorous. Fuko Number munthu akhoza kufika kwa anthu 10 100.

kumaliseche

Mabanga hyena ali maliseche wapadera. akazi onse ndi thupi mu mawonekedwe a mbolo a. Kusiyanitsa kugonana nyama zitha kukhala odziwa akatswiri. kumaliseche Female amafanana ziwalo wamwamuna. Nkongo ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi mbolo. Pansi ndi scrotum. Clit kudzera membala apatsira ngalande urogenital.

Adani mabanga afisi

ogwirira awa ndi "Wamuyaya" Otsutsa. Lions ndi afisi mowirikiza kupikisana. nkhondo imeneyi m'njira zina wankhanza. Ngati afisi kuukira ana aang'ono, ndipo kawirikawiri zimapha okalamba ndi odwala akulu. Poyankha, Lions kupha hyena. Nkhondo ya pakati pa zilombo zolusa komanso amapita chakudya. Lions ndi afisi nthawi zambiri anathamangitsa wina ndi mzake kuchokera kupanga. Chigonjetso zimapita kwa ambiri "detachment."

Zamaangamaanga hyena chakudya

nyama zimenezi wovuta kwambiri chakudya. Koma chakudya chachikulu afisi ndi - zovunda. Iwo akhoza kusaka ndi kudya nyama yatsopano, komanso sanyoza nyama, ndipo nthawizina kudya achibale. Monga tanena nyama amakonzedwa kwambiri pachibwano. Pachifukwa ichi, mabanga afisi kudya lililonse gawo la thupi kupanga, kusiya pang'ono munthu. Kuthekera Izi anazindikira chifukwa dongosolo lapadera m'mimba, komanso olimbikira chapamimba madzi.

Kodi kudya hyena? Wildlife walenga wapadera "anamwino". ogwirira izi amatha kuyamwa onse - khungu, mafupa, ziboda, nyanga, mano, tsitsi ndi ndowe. Zonsezi m'mimba m'mimba kwa masiku angapo. ogwirira izi chakudya ndi nyama zakufa, omwe pafupifupi mwathunthu linakwiriridwa.

Komabe, 50% ya zakudya za mabanga afisi matupi akupanga ungulate (rhinoceros, mbidzi, Mbawala, mphalapala, ndi zina zotero. D.). Ogwirira amaona nyama odwala ndi okalamba. Iwo kudya hares, porcupines, insa, warthogs ndi nyama zina zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, paketi afisi akhoza kuukira zimphona ngakhale monga giraffe, rhinoceros ndi Mvuu.

kusaka

ogwirira izi kusunga mbiri ya nyama wamantha, ngakhale izo siziri choncho. Malinga ndi maphunziro ambiri amachitika, afisi - alenje kwambiri, amene amayesetsa luso limeneli mikango. miimba Awa ndi achangu pa usiku. Kukafunafuna chakudya hyena amayenda mtunda wautali - mpaka makilomita 70 pa tsiku. Masana iwo kusaka kamodzikamodzi ankaona kuti mpumulo mu mthunzi kapena atagona pa madzi mu madzi osaya.

afisi kusaka ndi vymatyvanii yaitali kupanga mothamanga. ogwirira awa akhoza kuthamanga mtunda kwambiri. Pamene iwo amagwira ndi kupanga kuti kudziluma lalikulu magazi mtsempha wamagazi pa mapazi. Afisi musati kunyonga akuvutika awo, ngati adani ambiri, ndipo ngakhale kuyamba kugwetsera thupi moyo.

Kusaka kumachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ang'onoang'ono-Mbawala kunja singly, mphalapala - magulu a nyama 3 4. Pa kusakasaka ndi zimatulutsa phokoso osiyana, koma nthawi zambiri - "kuseka", osatembenukira ku kuchema yaitali.

Popeza zake zabwino fungo, afisi African amatha fungo zovunda kuchokera pa mtunda wa makilomita oposa 4. Pakuti kusaka ntchito kuona ndi kumva. Ngakhale nkhondo wosatha ndi mikango, afisi kukatenga nyamazo sitingakhoze, ngati wathanzi waumuna alipo mu msasa wa adani.

Wamawangamawanga chilombo African - ndi nyama chodabwitsa. Hyena ali ndi khalidwe mantha awo, amene bwino kukhala ochenjera anafotokoza. Iye ali ankakwiya ndi zamwano. Ngati hyena njala, akhoza kugwetsera nyama zikuluzikulu. Kusakasaka akuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zazikulu za m'kamwa mwa, mwamsanga anathamanga ndipo ferocity. Njala hyena ndipo akhoza kuukira anthu. Motero mbanvu kuti thupi la munthu akhoza kukwaniritsa mosavuta ndi gallop yekha.

kubalana

Kawetedwe ndi hyena wamawangamawanga amagwiritsa ntchito kamakumba una nyama zina kapena mapanga yaing'ono. Ana, ngakhale ndewu wake, iye alibe kudya. Kuchuluka chotupa chija chifukwa okhutira mkulu wa timadzi androgen. Koma khalidwe limeneli kwapatsidwa mwa chikhalidwe kuteteza ana akazi akhoza kuteteza ndiponso kudyetsa ana awo, amene akhwime kugonana okha zaka 3.

Mphukira limapezeka isanayambe nyengo ya mvula. Kuswa akazi achinyamata pafupifupi 100 masiku. zinyalala wina akhoza muli ana inayi nthawi. Kuwala iwo amaoneka kale woona ndi kumva bwino. Patapita miyezi 3, ana kale kulemera makilogalamu oposa 14.

Ngati gay mu wamng'ono, pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa amayamba kulimbana ndi imfa pakati pawo. Mabanga hyena kudyetsa ana awo mkaka pa chaka, komabe izo samaletsa achinyamata kuyamba kusaka ndi zakudya zabwino mu miyezi ya moyo.

Ubwino mu chikhalidwe cha afisi

Nyama zimenezi zatenga malo chachikulu yokonza zinthu zachilengedwe savannah. Zachilengedwezi "anamwino". Iwo anaphedwa chaka pafupifupi 12% ya wildebeest mu Serengetti, kulola herbivores kukhalabe osalimba a mtundu wawo mkati malire. Mwachidule kupeza nyama akale kapena odwala mabanga afisi mano.