Live ndi inactivated katemera. Inactivated katemera wa poliyo: malangizo, zosokonezeka. Inactivated katemera - ndi ...

A katemera (inactivated), - mankhwala ongokhala particles tizilombo chakula chikhalidwe, zomwe zinawonongedwa ndi njira ya chithandizo matenthedwe ndi zochita za ululu maselo (formaldehyde). mavairasi oterowo ndi otukuka mu chilengedwe labu kuti kuchepetsa antigenicity ndi amaonedwa si opatsirana (sangathe kuutsa matenda a). katemera anapha amasiyana mphamvu laling'ono kwambiri poyerekeza ndi moyo, koma mu ulamuliro sekondale mawonekedwe chitetezo chokwanira mwachilungamo mphamvu.

Monga katemera okonzeka

Kulenga iwo, monga ulamuliro, ntchito epizootic mavairasi njiru, zomwe zagonjetsedwa kwa kuyeretsedwa yosalekerera (inactivation), zikubweretsa imfa mpaka kalekale HIV chiwopsezo kubereka (motsanzira), koma nthawi yomweyo kuti zosungika tingachidziwe immunogenic ndi antigenic. Choncho, ayenera kuphedwa asidi mkati (tizilombo matupi athu), zomwe limapangidwa katemera (inactivated) - ndi malo kumene proliferates bwino.

Komanso, sayenera adasandulika polysaccharides, mapuloteni ndi glycoproteins za HIV, chifukwa anachita kumbuyo zimadalira chikhazikitso cha HIV capsid. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, iye wotaya luso kubereka ndi matenda, koma lofotokozabe kudziwa kutsegula anthu ndi nyama zinthu ankaikira chitetezo chokwanira.

The luso kupanga medicament ndi

Kupanga katemera inactivated akuyamba ndi masankhidwe a kupsyinjika yopanga kachilombo koyambitsa, chikhalidwe, ndipo kudzikundikira ake mu nyumba tcheru kwachilengedwenso (cell chikhalidwe, nyama, mazira a mbalame). Ndiye HIV munali feedstock pansi pa kuyeretsedwa ndi kusakaniza m'njira zosiyanasiyana (ultra- centrifugation, kusefera, etc.).

Katemera A (inactivated) - komanso chifukwa cha machulukitsidwe, ndi tizilombo kuyeretsa wothandizira. Zimenezi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa anawononga kachilombo Kodi sinafalikire thupi, ndi chitetezo champhamvu anachita m'pofunika kuti atchule wambirimbiri zinthu tizilombo. Virus kuyimitsidwa kukonzedwa kuchokera ballast zinthu (lipids zatsalira nyumba ma, si tizilombo mapuloteni), amene katundu wolemera owonjezera pa chitetezo chokwanira thupi ndipo kumakhala kuchepetsa mphamvu ndi khalidwe la mayankho zozitetezera.

Anapeza pambuyo machulukitsidwe ndi kuyeretsedwa HIV munali kuyimitsidwa pansi pa inactivation. Pankhani ya makamaka aukali HIV inactivation chithandizo patsogolo kanthu. Pamene chofunika kuganizira kuti ballast zinthu kusokoneza ndondomeko ya inactivation.

Pamene katemera fuluwenza wapangidwa (inactivated) Mwachitsanzo, mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndi kusankha kwa inactivator ndi inactivation zachilengedwe abwino kukhala kotheka kwathunthu kukana transmissibility a HIV ndi wamkulu ndalama antigenicity. Koma kapangidwe inactivating zochita bwino kuliphunzira, ndi ntchito zawo zambiri experimental.

Katundu katemera inactivated

Pakuti kupewa matenda tizilombo ntchito zabwino inactivated katemera, amene angapo kuposa moyo. Ndithu kufunika zokolola - ndi khalidwe ndi chiwerengero cha Antigen tizilombo, kusankha inactivator abwino ndi zinthu inactivation. Mawu akuti "inactivated" amatanthauza mavairasi a moyo a njira mankhwala.

katemera Live ndi inactivated ali makamaka kukolola kwa mavairasi chosakaza mwa kuwononga thupi ndi mankhwala kawopsedwe pamene kusunga immunogenicity ndi. Mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala zabwinobwino ndipo ndi Antigen angapo tizilombo kuutsa ndi kumbuyo ayankhe ndi oteteza kupanga. Njira mwachizolowezi jakisoni wa matenda chachikulu katemera 2-3. M'tsogolo, mungafunike akatemera chilimbikitso kuthandiza chitetezo cha m'thupi.

Kodi iwo ali ndi zovuta

katemera inactivated akupitiriza makhalidwe zikutsatiridwa, kupatula kuti ali bwino. Iwo ntchito makamaka kwa cholinga cha kapewedwe yopanga ndi madera amene ali oopsa. Komabe, mankhwala awa amasiyana ena minuses:

• luso kupanga awo ndi yovuta kwambiri ndipo izi chifukwa kufunika yodalirika ndithu HIV munali feedstock machulukitsidwe Antigen kuyeretsa inactivation a matupi athu ndi tizilombo, komanso kuti likhale dongosolo la adjuvants katemera;
• Nthawi zina chifukwa thupi lawo siligwirizana chifukwa chilimbikitso katemera;
• muyenera jekeseni kuposa kamodzi pa mlingo waukulu;
• katemera (inactivated) - uyu ndi ofooka stimulator thupi chitetezo, chifukwa izi kukana kwa m'mimba thirakiti nembanemba mucous ndi chapamwamba ndime kupuma kuoneka pasanathe pambuyo ntchito katemera moyo;
• kugwiritsidwa ntchito parenterally yekha;
• mankhwala osakwanira kupangira chitetezo chokwanira yaitali ndipo kwambiri kuposa ndi vaccinations moyo.

poliyo Kodi ndi mmene kumaonekera?

Poliomyelitis ndi tizilombo matenda pachimake limene limatsutsa wamanjenje dongosolo (msana colorless chinthu). Kuonekere flaccid ziwalo, makamaka wa malekezero a m'munsi. Nthawi zambiri choopsa cha zotupa msana kutsogolera kumangidwa kupuma. Ndipo apa ndi katemera inactivated poliyo sangatithandize.

Kukomoka, matenda awa akhoza limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kutentha, minofu ndi mutu ndi mapangidwe zina za kulephera kuyenda. Matenda imafalikira kwa munthu wina ndi mzake ndi sneezing, kukambirana pamadzi, zinthu zonyansa, komanso chakudya. Chifukwa cha matenda amaonedwa kukhala odwala. The matenda kufalikira mofulumira, koma kopanda kuti anali poliyo kumachitika pamene vuto ndi kale Mlandu ziwalo.

Nthawi kuyambira matenda makulitsidwe matenda pamaso kuoneka zizindikiro woyamba kumatenga masabata 1-2 angakhalenso kwa masiku 4 kuti 40. HIV tikalowa m'thupi mwa nembanemba mucous ya matumbo kapena nasopharynx, ayipanga kumeneko, ndipo amalowa m'magazi, kufika mitsempha msana, maselo a mu ubongo mbaavunga. Choncho, pali ziwalo.

Katemera ndi poliyo ana

Chonde kudziwa kuti matenda ndi tizilombo ndi chapadera, zokhudza monga mavairasi izi kulibeko. Only mankhwala zothandiza kupewa matenda - ndi katemera.

Pofuna kupewa poliyo, njira ziwiri ntchito:

• Inactivated Poliyo Katemera (IPV), imene muli matenda akufa ndi mavairasi mtundu wa kuthengo anayambitsa mwa jekeseni;
• moyo m'kamwa katemera wa poliyo (OPV), amene ali ofooka kusinthidwa mavairasi moyo (madzi inagwetsa m'kamwa).

mankhwala chifukwa cha mitundu 3 HIV poliyo, mwachitsanzo adziteteze ku tchito njira zonse zilipo anapatsidwa matenda. Komabe, si opangidwa ku Russia katemera wa poliyo, koma pali mankhwala achilendo "Imovaks Poliyo", loyenereradi kumezetsanitsa. Komanso, katemera inactivated poliyo kumatanthauza m'gulu la "Tetrakok" (kulumikiza medicament pofuna kupewa pertussis, diphtheria ndi kafumbata). Onse ndalama izi ntchito popanda kuphwanya malamulo malonda ndi makolo awo. katemera amenewa angathe kuperekedwa imodzi ndi immunoglobulin.

Inactivated katemera wa poliyo: malangizo

A kusuntha mankhwala amapangidwa mu madzi mawonekedwe, ma CD ndi syringe dispenser wa 0.5 ml. Njira ya utsogoleli - jekeseni. Makanda mpaka miyezi 18 jekeseni zachitika subcutaneously mu undercut wa phewa kapena ntchafu intramuscularly. Ana okulirapo - okha dera mapewa. Palibe contraindications za nthawi ndi kumwa phwando, palibe chakudya.

Mmene thupi

Pambuyo oyamba a katemera wa poliyo katemera pa 5-8% zingaoneke zosiyanasiyana m'dera (iyi si vuto kumezetsanitsa) monga redness ndi edema, zosaposa 10 masentimita awiri. Only mu 1-5% milandu ali wapezeka zochita wamba vaccinal monga nyamuka zosakhalitsa yaing'ono kutentha, akumveramo mwana kwa masiku 1-2 pambuyo katemera.

Mankhwala "Imovaks Poliyo"

chida ichi chakhala bwinobwino ntchito mu Russia. Katemera akatha, ngakhale ana amene ali ndi matenda a thirakiti m'mimba. Komanso katemera wa poliyo (inactivated) lagawidwa magawo 4 a jekeseni: 3, 4, ndi miyezi 6. The 18 ndi chilimbikitso.

Ndikamezetsanidwemo mwana si kukhala matenda ena. Komabe, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kukhalapo kwake mu malo onse mlungu pambuyo katemera, chifukwa mwana wofooka HIV akhoza kupatsira matenda ena. jekeseni wapangidwa mu ntchafu kapena mkono. Redness dera makonzedwe "Imovaksa" yachibadwa, ndi kutentha chifukwa katemera kungakhale kwa madigiri 39 apamwamba.

Inactivated katemera wa poliyo: Zovuta

Anaika ena mwa mavuto amene amakhalapo pambuyo katemera mankhwala ovuta "Infanrix Hexa", "Pentaxim", "Infanrix IPV", "Tetrakok":

• otitis TV;
• kufooka;
• a mano ndi stomatitis;
• kutupa lymph mfundo;
• nkhawa;
• kuyabwa zotupa pa khungu;
• anaphylactic mantha;
• zomverera kowawa ndipo induration pa zone jekeseni;
• kugona chisokonezo;
• matenda a thirakiti chapamwamba kupuma;
• malungo ndi mapazi ake spasms;
• Angioedema;
• nseru;
• m'mimba;
• kusanza;
• zachilendo akulira;
• kuonjezera kutentha thupi.

Nthawi zambiri pali mavuto, ndipo kumawonjezera katundu pa dongosolo chitetezo mwana, pamene ali katemera wa poliyo ndi DTP. Zimene angathe kuonedwa onse ndi madontho ndi ndalama pertussis-kafumbata.

contraindications

katemera wa poliyo - uyu si katemera matenda a chiwewe chikhalidwe (inactivated), womwe wapangidwa kwa matenda a chiwewe nyama. Izi makamaka mankhwala kuteteza mwana ku ziwalo zina ndipo mwina imfa. Patangotsala pang'ono kuti katemera n'kofunika kukaona dokotala kutenga malangizo ake pa kusanthula ambiri a mkodzo ndi magazi, ndiyeno kukaiika chipatala zachipatala. Kuchokera pa nkhani zotentha ndi anayendera ndi mwana dokotala angakuuzeni ngati iye akhoza kupanga katemera kwa mphindi. Katemera zoletsa monga:

1. Wakuta.
2. matenda aakulu kapena exacerbation cha matenda.
3. teething.
4. Immunodeficiency (kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha leukocytes).
5. Hypersensitivity kuti zosakaniza.
6. Pachimake yotupa anachita kapena gawo lirilonse la exacerbation ake.
7. Neoplasms wa hematopoietic ndi minofu lymphoid.

Pambuyo akudwala matenda aakulu kapena aggravation ake kupanga katemera mwana wanu akhoza kukhala palibe kale kuposa masiku 14 kuchokera tsiku mankhwala magazi pa mitengo yachibadwa. The contraindications lomwelo pa nthawi imene thanzi mwana, koma matenda opatsirana matenda ndi wina wa banja. Chifukwa cha dongosolo la mankhwala (ndi zomwe inactivated katemera - Ndithu kudziwika kwa onse) ana ayenera sabata kusiya kulemba kudya lotsatira.

Care ayenera kumwedwa

Anthu amene sanalandire katemera wa poliyo (amisinkhu) akuvutika ndi immunodeficiency ndi matenda kwa ana katemera ndi odwala katemera-kugwirizana poliomyelitis (VAP). Pali milandu pamene mwana kachilombo kwa makolo katemera amene ali AIDS kapena HIV, komanso abale ndi immunosuppression koyamba kapena anthu amene akumwa mankhwala kuti kuwononga thupi chitetezo (zochizira matenda oncological).

Katemera ndi matenda monga poliyo, ngati mwachita bwino ndi mfundo zonse, kudzakuthandizani mwana osalimba kutsutsa matenda oopsa ndipo kwambiri. Ndipo, chotero, zidzapanga mwana mphamvu Kuunikira thupi lake ndi kuteteza makolo ndi anthu ambiri a mavuto maganizo, zomwe kawirikawiri kupirira banja mwana akudwala kwambiri.