Kutentha ndi kuzizira: mitundu, kapangidwe ndi mfundo ntchito. Kutentha ndi kuzizira kwa boilers

Kutentha exchanger, mitundu chipangizo, ndi mfundo zomwe anafotokoza m'nkhani ndi zipangizo wapadera posamutsa kutentha kwa coolant mkangano kuti kuzizira. Otsiriza angakhale gaseous kapena madzi mankhwala.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito

The ndondomeko ya kusintha kutentha n'kofunika m'mafakitale ambiri, ndicho mankhwala, chakudya, zitsulo ndi mphamvu minda. Kutentha ndi kuzizira zipangizo kumathandiza kuti kulanda mphamvu pakati onyamula mwa khoma kulekanitsa pakati pawo. Dongosololi angatchedwe kuipidwa, iwo ankasiyana malamulo ochiritsira pa madutsidwe ikukhudzana cheza matenthedwe ndi convection. Zochita njira izi zichitike imodzi mwa kufanana anakonzeratu. Pakuti wamkulu kutentha kutengerapo amasewera yofunika convective ndondomeko yomwe ndi kanthu anzake a kutentha conduction ndi convection.

mitundu ya kuzizira kutentha

Kutentha exchanger, mitundu chipangizo, ndi mfundo imene iyenera kudziwika kwa ogula asanayambe kugula chipangizo angakhale a mitundu yosiyanasiyana malingana kamangidwe. Ngati wachinsinsi aggregates ndi njira kusintha kutentha, iwo akhoza kugawidwa mu kungotengeka ndi kusanganikirana ndi recuperative ndi regenerative. Yoyamba amapereka kulanda kutentha ndi kuyanjana pamodzi ndi mapangidwe awiri. zipangizo oterowo dongosolo chosavuta poyerekezera ndi kuzizira pamwamba kutentha. Iwo mphamvu matenthedwe ntchito mokwanira. Komabe, drawback tingaone, amene afotokozedwa mu kuthekera ntchito chida yekha mwa kuwasakaniza ndi coolants.

Kutentha exchanger, mitundu chipangizo ndi mfundo opaleshoni zafotokozedwa m'nkhani angakhale padziko, imene kutentha ndi kuzizira ntchito kuphana madzimadzi mphamvu khoma olekanitsa. aggregates wotero regenerative ndi recuperative.

Zosiyanasiyana padziko kuzizira kutentha

Polingalira makhalidwe a mtundu wa regenerative kuzizira kutentha, muona kuti ntchito yawo yochokera kutentha kutengerapo khoma kugawa. Madzi amalowa njira imodzi aliyense ogulitsira pakhoma. Mtundu wachiwiri wa pamwamba kutentha exchanger - regenerative wagawo, ili ofala kuti chimaoneka chakuti madzi Kutentha pamwamba akukhudza ena nthawi zina chimasintha akulowera.

Kulengedwa ndi ntchito chipolopolo ndi chubu kuzizira

Wotchuka kwambiri mu makampani lero ndi recuperative kutentha ndi kuzizira. Ngati ife kugawanitsa iwo pa mbali kamangidwe, n'zotheka kudziwa chipolopolo ndi chubu mayunitsi. zida izi anapereka mitolo ya mipope, amene welded kuti casing lapansi. Mapaipi, nayenso lokhazikika kwa mbale chubu, chivundikiro kapu bawuti kapena gaskets. Woyamba kutentha kutengerapo madzimadzi koyenera kugonjetsa oyenerera pa thupi, umayenda mwa malo chubu. madzi ena umadutsa mipope.

Chotero shelltube kutentha exchanger ali ndi kuchuluka kwa malemba, pachikuto ndi nyumba yake imakonzedwa partitions. Kusintha kutentha kutengerapo machubu zimapangidwa ndi kumulowetsa Mzere ribbed kapena knurling. Chipolopolo ndi chubu kutentha exchanger mwina ndi kumanga mwachilungamo wophweka, chipangizo imatchedwa elemental ndipo alibe septa. mayunitsi amenewa akhoza kuteteza matenda a kuthamanga magazi, koma zinalengedwera kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri ndi wolemera.

Mfundo zikugwira ntchito chipangizo ndi mbale kutentha exchanger kwa zida kukatentha

Mbale kutentha ndi kuzizira, mitundu, chipangizo ndi mfundo za ntchito zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nkhani ino za zipangizo kalasi regenerative. zipangizozi ndi kutentha ndi kuzizira pamwamba omwe aumbike mwa m'ndandanda wa woonda mbale stamped zitsulo corrugated m'munsi. kuzizira izi kutentha kwa boilers ali mbali anasonkhana phukusi wosakwatiwa, imene imagwiritsidwa ngalande ndi mzake pa otsiriza chikudutsa kutentha sing'anga kupatsana kutentha mphamvu.

Mfundo ntchito zipangizo si mophweka kwambiri, izo mbale zakonzedwa poyerekezera ndi mzake zimayenda ndi madigiri 180. Zimenezi zimathandiza kumanga zinthu 4 awiri amene adzagwiritsa ntchito kuti wokhometsa dera kumaliseche, pamene ena - kupereka coolant.

Awiri mchitidwe kwambiri mu ndondomeko ya kuwombola sadzakhala kukhuzidwa ndi mphamvu matenthedwe. Kutentha ndi kuzizira kwa boilers akhoza kukhala ndi mfundo zosiyana opaleshoni, malingana ndi mawonekedwe, ndilo yokha kapena Mipikisano njira. Zikatero, coolant ndi lagawidwa mitsinje kufanana athamanga, izo zimayendera kupyolera mu njira yonse ndi iri yofulumira ku doko linanena bungwe. Dongosolo angapo-chiphaso zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito dera zovuta zambiri, monga kutentha exchanger Pankhaniyi akamayendetsa pa nambalayi a ngalande. Izi zimatheka mwa njira zosiyanasiyana chimaoneka mu kukhalapo kwa mbale zina. Zikuphatikizapo madoko ogontha. Mwa zina, kukhala mtundu uwu wa mbale kutentha exchanger penapake zovuta.

NKHANI kuzizira mafuta kutentha

Mafuta kutentha exchanger ntchito pofuna kupewa ukuwonjezeka coolant kutentha kwa malire zovuta injini mkulu-mphamvu. Ngati tingayerekezere kutenthedwa ya mafuta injini, zingayambitse mavuto aakulu amene tingasonyezere mafuta kusintha kukhuthala ndi kuonjezera mphamvu ya amatopa wake. Ngati thunthu ndi ukagwira, ndi kondomu mbali akusisita anapereka bwino, zikhoza kusokoneza kuzirala la injini.

Ubwino mafuta kutentha ndi kuzizira

Kugwiritsa ntchito zida ngati amalola kupeza ubwino ambiri. Choyamba, ndi kuteteza sizikanatheka kuti kutentha mafuta ndi pansipa kutentha coolant. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti mbali injini kuti amakhudzana ndi mafuta, padzakhala m'munsi voteji. Chachiwiri, unsembe wa kutentha exchanger akhoza anachita pamalo alionse yabwino pa injini, motero inu mosavuta kusiya kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ndi mapaipi yaitali.

Kutentha exchanger kwa kusamba: makhalidwe

A kutentha exchanger kwa kusamba akhoza wachinsinsi malingana ndi malo wachibale chotenthetsera lapansi. Choncho, chipangizo akhoza adzaikidwa mwachindunji mu thupi ng'anjo, pafupi m'chumunicho kapena za chotenthetsera thupi. mayunitsi tinapangidwa kuchita ntchito yofanana. The njira kukhudzana ndi nyemba kapena ng'anjo chowala-flue ndi usavutike madzi mu chidebe chidwi kukula ntchito mfundo ya convection. ntchito yawo amalola eni kukonza thanki madzi mu chipinda nthunzi, ndipo mu chipinda lotsatira. Kuti apange chipangizo otere akhale paokha ndiponso kutsatira mapepala zitsulo ndi mapaipi. Ingosungani ntchitoyi bwino ngati mulibe makina kuwotcherera, ndipo alibe luso naye ntchito.