Kusintha kwa DNS pa Windows ndi Linux. Kodi ndingayang'ane bwanji zosintha za DNS?

Mu msika wamakono wa kudalirika ndi chitetezo cha intaneti, mautumiki osiyanasiyana akuyamba kuwonekera mobwerezabwereza, makamaka makamaka malo apadera operekedwa kwa maseva a DNS. Zokonzera ma seva awa kwa anthu ambiri ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Komabe, pa zotsatirazi mumapeza maseva odalirika komanso otetezeka omwe amapereka chitetezo chofunikira, komanso kulamulira kwa makolo, ndiko kutchinjiriza malo osayenera, owopsa komanso owopsa.

Komabe, chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza momwe DNS yanu imakhalira bwino - zosintha za seva iyi zigwira ntchito, zomwe muyenera kuchita bwino kwambiri.

Kodi DNS ndi chiyani?

DNS ndi njira yapadera yogawiritsira njira yozindikiritsira malembo pakati pa adilesi ya IP yamba ya kompyuta ndi dzina lake. Kulankhulana koteroko ndi kosavuta kwambiri kuchokera pakuwona makina opangira ma tebulo osiyanasiyana, koma pa nthawi yomweyo - sichivomerezeka kwa anthu. Pambuyo pa zonse, munthu akukumbukira ma seti ochuluka a manambala ndi ovuta kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mayina othandiza.

Poyambirira, kuti kuphweka kuyanjana, komanso kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kukhazikitsa seva la DNS, matebulo apadera adagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene mayina a maadiresi a mayina pamakina apadera adakhazikitsidwa, ndipo matebulo amenewa asungidwa mpaka lero ndipo akugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndi osiyanasiyana Mapulogalamu othandizira. Makamaka, ife tikukamba za mafayi omwe amatchedwa makamu. Masiku ano, anthu ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito Intaneti amadziwa zinthu zosiyana pa intaneti zawo, ndipo mawuwa ndi abwino osati maadiresi a mawebusaiti osiyanasiyana, komanso amalesi amachesi.

Panthawi yomweyi, pamalowa aliyense dzina la seva limakhala ndi udindo waukulu.

Ndichifukwa chiyani ndikusowa ma seva a DNS?

Choncho, mukhoza kudziwa cholinga chachikulu cha kasinthidwe ka seva ya DNS ndi ntchito yake yowonjezera:

• Pezani zambiri za IP address ya seva inayake malinga ndi dzina lake ndi mosiyana ndi zomwezo.
• Kutumiza mauthenga osiyanasiyana.
• Kupereka chidziwitso chathunthu pa zomwe maseva akutumikira ali ndi malamulo ena pa intaneti.

N'chifukwa chiyani malo olondola ndi ofunikira?

Mwachitsanzo, mu Ubuntu DNS kasinthidwe pa chidziwitso chofunikira kumafuna kudziwa, komanso kumvetsetsa kwathunthu zomwe zimapangitsa kukhalapo. Pachifukwa ichi, sipangakhale nkhani iliyonse yodziyesera pakuchita kusintha kwa seva mkati mwa kampani inayake. Pambuyo pake, ngati Ubuntu DNS kukonzekera idzayendetsedwa ndi chinthu chimodzi, ndiye kuti makina onse a kampaniyi adzaimira pang'ono kuposa waya, popeza palibe ntchito yomwe ingagwire ntchito bwino.

Koma ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri odzidalira amakonda kulowa zolemba zonse pokhapokha. Ndipo izi zikugwiranso ntchito pa zinthu zosavuta monga kukhazikitsa adilesi ya IP, subnet mask, ndi adresi ya chipata ndi ma DNS pokonza pa kompyuta. Koma kwenikweni, anthu ambiri akhala akupanga njira zotero kale.

Windows 8

1. Kukonzekera seva m'dongosolo lino, poyamba mukufunika kusuntha mbewa kumbali ya kumanzere ya chinsalu, dinani LMB pa batani "Yambani", kenako mutsegule "Control Panel" kudzera mndandanda wa zochitika.
2. Tsopano pitani ku gawo la "Network ndi Internet", kenako "Network Management Center" ndipo tsopano pitani ku "Kusintha ma adapita".
3. M'ndandanda yomwe ikuwonekera, muyenera kusankha njira yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito intaneti. Mukachipeza, dinani pa izo ndikusankha "Zamalonda".
4. Mndandanda wa "Zina mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kugwirizana uku", muyenera kusankha "Internet Protocol version 4 (TCP / IP)" ndikusankhirani batani "Properties".
5. Tsopano zenera zatsopano zidzatsegulidwa, makamaka makamaka pa "General" tab, kumene muyenera kusankha "Gwiritsani ntchito DNS maadiresi".
6. Mukakanikizira bokosi, mumatsegula luso lolowetsa deta zosiyanasiyana mumzere uli pansipa ndipo tsopano mutha kulowa m'zigawo za seva la DNS m'minda, zomwe mukufuna.

Pambuyo pake muyenera kudina "Ok" kuti zosintha zomwe mwasintha zasungidwa. Kusamala kwakukulu kuyenera kulipidwa pa mfundo yakuti simukufunikira kulowa mndandanda mumtunda wapamwamba (IP), womwe uli pansi, chifukwa ngati simungathe kulowa m'zinthu zofunikira za DNS, zomwe zimasintha ziyenera kusinthidwa.

Windows 7

1. Kachiwiri, monga ndi njira yapitayi yowonetsera, tsegulani gulu lolamulira.
2. Mu gawo la "Network ndi Internet", sankhani "Onani momwe angagwirire ntchito ndi ntchito".
3. Mu "Masewero olimbitsa thupi" mzere, muyenera kusankha chinthu chomwe chili kumanja kwa batani "Connections".
4. Muwindo lomwe likuwonekera, muyenera kodinkhani botani "Properties", "Chikhalidwe Chakugwirizanitsa".
5. Mndandanda wa "Zina mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kugwirizana uku", muyenera kusankha "Internet Protocol version 4 (TCP / IP)" ndikusankhirani batani "Properties".
6. Tsopano zenera latsopano lidzatsegulidwa, makamaka makamaka pa "Tsamba", pamene mukufunikira kusankha "Gwiritsani ntchito ma DNS maadiresi".
7. Mukakanikizira bokosi, mumatsegula luso lolowetsa deta yosiyanasiyana mumzere uli pansipa ndipo tsopano mukhoza kulowa mu DNS gawo lamaseri m'minda, zomwe mukufuna.

Dinani "OK" ndipo makonzedwe apulumutsidwa.

Windows XP

Chotsatira, tiyang'ana momwe tingatsimikizire zosintha za DNS kapena kusintha kwa Windows XP:

1. Kuyambira pa "Yambani" menyu, pitani ku "Pulogalamu Yoyang'anira".
2. Tsopano sankhani "Mauthenga a Network" ndikuyang'ana zomwe tikufunikira.
3. Mukapita ku tabu ya "General", muyenera kusankha "Properties" mu mndandanda wa "Connection Status".
4. Tsopano muyenera kubwerera ku gawo la "General", pezani pansi, kenako sankhani gawo la "Internet Protocol (TCP / IP)" ndipo musankhe "Properties" kachiwiri.
5. Mu gawo la "General" pansipa, fufuzani bokosi pafupi ndi "Gwiritsani ntchito maadiresi a DNS", pambuyo pake mudzatha kulowa deta yofunikira.

Lembani fungulo la Ok ndi kutseka mawindo onse. Zokonzekera zidzasungidwa.

Windows Vista

Tsopano tiyeni tiyang'ane momwe tingayang'anire zosintha za DNS ndikusintha kwa iwo mu Windows Vista yochita:

1. "Yambitsani"> "Pulogalamu Yoyang'anira".
2. "Network Management Center"
3. Mu gawo "Network" muyenera kusankha chisankho "Onani mkhalidwe wa mgwirizano uliwonse".
4. Muwindo lomwe likuwonekera patsogolo panu, dinani pa "Properties".
5. Monga momwe zinalili kale, pukutsani pansi mpaka mutasankha kusankha "Internet Protocol version 4 (TCP / IP)", kenako dinani "Properties".
6. Fufuzani bokosi pafupi ndi "Gwiritsani ntchito ma adresse a DNS", pambuyo pake mudzatha kufotokoza zambiri.

Dinani "Chabwino" ndi kutseka mawindo onse, kusungidwa kulikonse kudzapulumutsidwa.

Linux (Ubuntu)

Mu Linux, kusintha kwa DNS kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito resolvconf, yomwe magawowa amasinthidwa malinga ndi deta yolandiridwa kuchokera kumagulu osiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zothandiza zatsopanozi ndi chakuti tsopano mafayilo a dongosolo lino amapangidwa kwathunthu, osati padera payekha pulogalamu, yomwe imafunika kusintha, koma ndi chithandizo cha pulojekiti yodziwika. Motero, kusintha kulikonse pa fayiloyi yomwe mudzayese nayo ndi dzanja lanu kudzatayika.

Pachifukwa ichi, zambiri zokhudza DNS zogwiritsidwa ntchito pazithunzi zoyenera ziyenera kulowa mu fayilo yapadera / etc / network / interfaces mu kufufuza, nameservers, ndi domain. Pachifukwa ichi, magawowa ayenera kulumikizana ndi makhalidwe omwe atchulidwa mu file resolv.conf.

Debian

Ngati mukufuna kukonza DNS mu Debian, ndiye kuti ndondomekoyi ndi yofanana ndi yomwe inaperekedwa ndi magawo ena. Mudzasowa kuwonjezera dzina la eni ake, komanso aderi yake ya IP, ku zosiyana ndi zina / makamu mafayilo opempha zosiyanasiyana. Kuti muonetsetse kuti kompyuta yanu imatumizira mobwerezabwereza mitundu yonse ya zopempha ku seva yoyenera, muyenera kuwonjezera adiresi ya chinsinsi ichi ku fayilo yapadera, etc / resolv.cong.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito kompyuta ndi adiresi 192.168.1.1, zomwe ziyenera kutumiza mitundu yonse ya zopempha kwa seva ya DNS, ndiye kuti file resolv.conf ikhale ndi mzere wotsatira: nameserver 192.168.3.2.

Potero, mukhoza kusintha makonzedwe a maselo a DNS mu njira iliyonse yothandizira. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa maadiresi enieni amene operekera amapereka kwa inu, mwinamwake simungathe kugwirizana.