Kuponya mpirawo. Njira kuponya mpirawo. Kuponya mpirawo chapatali

Tayang'anani pa chosema cha Agiriki akale, kwa frescoes Ufumu wa Roma ndipo ngakhale zojambula phanga la osatukuka. Pali kufanana? ankhondo onse wakale ankafotokozedwa kapena alenje, oyendayenda ndi anamuukitsa kuponya mkondo.

Kale, mphamvu kuponya nthungo ukugwira luso wopulumuka pafupifupi onse m'dzikolo mafuko dziko. Tsopano wataya kufunika kwake, koma kuponya mpira - luso kuvomerezedwa aliyense. Ndipotu, kuwaza amatilola kukhala ndi mgwirizano kayendedwe, kumva magulu onse minofu ndi kuphunzira mmene bwino kugawira mphamvu.

nkhani

Kale, anthu a m'mayiko osiyanasiyana (ngakhale m'madera ambiri) amakhala pa nkhondo wina ndi mzake. Ena kumbuyo okha, ena M'malo mwake, kugonjetsa madera atsopano. Pamaso pa Kubwera kwa onga zida zonse malupanga, mikondo ing'onoing'ono, mikondo ndi mivi. Anagonjetsa amphamvu ndi agile. Aliyense molondola kugunda chandamale, amene angathe bwino kupenda mphamvu zawo ndi nthawi kuti achoke ku melee, akuponyera mkondo kapena mikondo ing'onoing'ono. luso limeneli anali msewu mwachindunji kupulumuka ndi chigonjetso.

Chifukwa chake yamtendere asilikali sanaleke maphunziro. Kuti asa- luso lawo ndi kufanizira iwo ndi maluso a asilikali ena, bungwe kupikisana pa nthungo kuponya ndi pikes. Ambiri a iwo anali mipikisano pa kuwaza mtunda ndi chandamale molondola. Zinthu zamakono mwa akatswiri mbuye kuponya mpirawo mu cholinga, osati zida.

wopambana The anatsimikiza ndi oweruza. A mtunda kuponya anali anayeza ndi "mapazi", chifukwa cha dongosolo chinkafunika kulibe. Mkangano kuwerenga mtunda kuti wothamanga waponya mkondo, mapazi ake. Zinali muyeso molondola kwambiri.

Mpaka lero, othamanga kupikisana nthungo kuponya, ndi chimbale phata. masewera zonsezi zamijaha, ngakhale kukula ndithu kuwombera-putters. Pa masewero a Olympic inkaimbidwa osati chimodzi mphoto masewerawo. Koma kuti mudziwe mmene molondola ndi kutaya, muyenera kwambiri maphunziro. The luso loyamba Tibwerera ku sukulu, pamene makalasi maphunziro thupi lophunzira kuponya mpirawo.

N'chifukwa chiyani kuponya?

Zingaoneke ntchito yosavuta: kuponya mpirawo kutali zedi, kapena kugunda chandamale, amene ali chapatali ndithu kutali. Komabe timakumana ndi chakuti kuphunzitsa njira ya kuponya mpirawo amatipatsa chifukwa. Popanda kuphunzitsa kwambiri "langwiro" zimene zingachitike - ichi ndi dislocation pa mapewa olowa kapena sprain ndi m'miyendo mitsempha. Ndipotu, muyenera kudziwa momwe agwirire kayendedwe ka manja ndi miyendo kuti chifukwa yabwino. Choncho, pafupifupi kuponya mpira masewera mawonekedwe limatithandiza kumvetsa bwino za thupi lanu, kuphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito izo ndipo, ndithudi, kulimbitsa minofu: mikono, miyendo, torso. Zimenezi n'zofunika kwambiri makamaka thupi ana. Mu zaka 9-10 a m'badwo mwana kale amadziwa kuti mgwirizano kayendedwe - zovuta.

Mu akula, achinyamata kamodzinso anakumana ndi kuponya. Komabe, mu izi mabomba nthawi. Njira kuponya mpira oyenera makangaza. kusiyana ndi kokha mogwirizana zipolopolo zimenezo ndi thupi lawo. Kumene, popitilira mphamvu ngati osowa monga nthungo, ochepa akhoza. Koma kuwomba abwenzi ake ndi anzawo zolondola kuponya mpirawo mu cholinga ndi kuwonjezera mfundo zina ulamuliro wake sakuwupweteka aliyense!

Zamijaha: discus

Kuwaza - Margolis Wheel othamanga zofuna "zachiwawa 'kuyesetsa minofu (yochepa, koma voteji pazipita). Cholinga cha mpukutu iliyonse - kulimbikitsa zida masewera pa kutali kwambiri kuchokera pa mtunda wothamanga. Kuponya mpirawo, ndipo ndi zonse akuyamba, kumatithandiza kuti tikhale olimba, see ndi liwiro la kanthu. Komanso, munthu ali kumvetsa chiŵerengero mulingo woyenera kwambiri zimenezi.

Ngakhale kuphweka dzikoli likuonekera, akuponyera - wogwiritsira ntchito m'malo ovuta. Kuponya mpirawo, muyenera amanena liwiro ndi dzanja mphamvu, ikukhudzana iwo kuti athawe ndi kumvetsa zimene mfundo muyenera makamaka "kumasulidwa" mpira, kotero inawuluka kuchokamo, ndi wothamanga anakhalabe ataima (koma sanagwe Mwachitsanzo, kapena chotetezera mdierekezi ). Zonsezi amatilola kukhala patsogolo ndi luso mawunikidwe: Kupenda yabwino kwambiri poyambira udindo, mofulumira, athamangadi-ndi kugwedezeka, ndipo potsiriza, tanthauzo la mfundo za kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pazipita pamene kuponya.

Pali mitundu itatu ya kuponya:

1. Kuponya yaing'ono mpira, mabomba, mikondo. zipolopolo n'zosavuta. Zamitengo chifukwa cha mutu pambuyo mofulumira athamangadi-mmwamba.
2. Kuponya mbale osiyana (waukulu zimasiyanitsa mbali ya mthunzi - kulemera). Abulusa pamaso kuponya omwazika ndi kasinthasintha wa wothamanga thupi.
3. Various phata. Ngale sakutero "pambuyo" ndi "Kankhani". Phata - chipolopolo katundu, kotero pamaso panu kanikizirani, ndi wothamanga ayenera kuchita "adzatumpha" (kwenikweni, kudumpha, pa chimbuzi cha phewa kulikankhira pachimake).

Chikhazikitso cha kuponya

maseŵera a masiku ano saganizira kuponyera projectile pa chandamale. Kuponya mpira ang'onoang'ono osiyanasiyana - ichi zolimbitsa thupi patsogolo. ponyani angathe kuchitidwa mwa njira iliyonse, atayima panja pa mutu, chifukwa cha mutu ndi kuyamba kuthamanga, kuponyera projectile ndi unwinding ake, akukankha kwa phewa. Njira kuwaza anasankha malingana projectile (kukula ndi kulemera). Kuchokera pa zaka ndi makhalidwe thupi zida masewera amusankha wothamanga.

Kumayambiriro a mpira ali osavomerezeka ntchito mphamvu pazipita. Minofu ndi mafupa adakali osati okonzeka ndipo musati "kudziwa" vutoli, tingayambe sprains ndi tizilombo. Kuphunzitsa luso la kuponya mpirawo akadali akuyamba ndi akatemera pa cholinga (molondola). Pang'onopang'ono, ntchito amakhala zosavuta, ndi olondola ndipo anawonjezera mtunda. Kutsogoloku, mu phunziroli, akuponyera kusuntha kwambiri projectiles ena aakulu kwambiri ndi zovuta.

Kodi kuganizira pamene kuponya

Chotero kodi Mzimuyo mtunda wa ndege? Akatswiri zinthu zinayi zomwe kudziwa bwino mpukutu: liwiro kuchoka projectile, ndi ngodya, kutalika kufika kumene projectile masamba wothamanga ndi kukana mpweya.

Tiyeni tione dongosolo la iliyonse chinthu. Pa mathamangidwe koyamba bwanji khama kuti amaponya wothamanga pa nthawi ya ejection. Komanso kutalika kwa njira ya mpira, amene akudutsa ku dzanja takuphazi. Pomaliza, nthawi imene njira wagonjetsedwa mu dzanja lake.

Choncho, yaitali njira ndi wamfupi nthawi, zazikulu mathamangidwe wa projectile ndi ejected. Kuponya mpirawo ndi kuthamanga liwiro la zinthu zofunika njira, ndi kasinthasintha thupi ndi kulumpha zibuluma. Kumapeto kwa mothamanga zibuluma kumapatsa "zikuwachitikira" projectile wothamanga. Pakuti throwers mpira ndi mikondo - masitepe posachedwapa mathamangitsidwe kwa throwers discus - zikuwachitikira analengedwa pa kasinthasintha wa thupi, ndi kuwombera-putters zofunika otsiriza chachiwiri kulumpha.

mothamanga ukhoza kuchepetsedwa okha mofulumira ndi zibuluma. Choncho, akuponyera mpira maphunziro mulinso maphunziro mothamanga ndi mathamangitsidwe. Chinthu otsiriza a munthu wothamanga kuthamanga amakankhira chipolopolo patsogolo osati kokha, komanso m'mwamba.

Pa mpukutu wa mpira ndi yofunika ya ndege ngodya wachibale kaja. Chidziwitso cha malamulo pulayimale Masamu ndi ndikuyenda amati mtunda pazipita zimatheka pa ngodya ya kuchoka kwa ° 45. Mumakhala kukwaniritsa molondola kwambiri sizingatheke. Yake ndipo throwers ophunzitsidwa eject ndi projectile pa makona a 30-43 °.

Tikumbukenso kuti kuponya mpirawo chapatali sikudalira kukula ndi utali wa malekezero wothamanga. Koyamba zikuoneka kuti apamwamba a opambana, ndi wautali mikono yake, patsogolo mpira adzauluka kapena mkondo. Zochita timakumana ndi chakuti kuwonjezeka amakhudza yekha pamwamba pa nsonga ya kunyamuka, koma ndi osewera bwino, khalidwe silikunena kwambiri bwanji chifukwa komaliza.

Yemweyo amadalira kwambiri zokayikitsa ndi kulimbikira misa mpweya. Inde, otaya mpweya amachepetsa nthawi ndi liwiro kuthawa. Ndipo izo zikutanthauza kuti mtunda kuwaza. Koma zinthu ochepa ngati mpira, izi si kofunika. Olondola "anapezerapo" chimbale akhoza zambiri kuti "anatola" otaya mpweya, ndi woletsa airborne kwa nthawi yaitali kukamphindi.

Mulimonsemo zotsatira za kutalika kufika onyamukira ndi kulimbikira kwa misa mpweya anafotokoza masentimita osiyanasiyana. Mosiyana, zofunika liwiro komanso mbali ya ejection wa projectile lapansi.

Chikhazikitso cha kuponya mpirawo

Mmodzi wa luso zofunika kuti munthu alandira - amatha kuponya mpira ndi kugwira izo. Kale zaka ziwiri ana angathe kupirira ntchito imeneyi. Inde, ana a mpira ziribe kanthu kochita ndi kuwaza projectiles, koma anatsindika kufunika dexterity ndi olondola.

mpira chiyenela kuchitika kwa kuponya kumbuyo mutu ndi pang'ono pamwamba pa ake. Chigongono sayenera pamwamba phewa, ndi phewa ndi mkono ayenera kupanga ngodya zosakwana 90 °. Akatswiri ndi akavalo awo akunena kuti zimenezi adzaponya zothandiza kwambiri.

Kuthamanga patsogolo kuponya

Njira imabweza mpira mu kuthawa kutalika 20 m. Zochita mtunda n'kosiyanasiyana pang'ono malinga ndi makhalidwe munthu wa wochita mpikisano. Thamangani chiyenera kukhala yunifolomu, koma ndi mathamangitsidwe. Ndipo chinthu chofunika: a opepuka, springy (Mulimonsemo musathamange ndi thupi patsogolo Taphunzira). Komanso, pa mothamanga-mmwamba m'pofunika kuchepetsa malo a lumpha dzanja.
Salembedwa kugawanitsa mothamanga m'magulu awiri ofanana, timachotsa kukonzekera - leni akonzedwa liwiro opambana, ndi kuwaza - kukonzekera kwa kuponyera projectile.

Kodi zofunika kwambiri ndi kugwirizana kayendedwe. M'pofunika kusunga ndalama chikwaniritsidwa mu gawo loyamba la kuthawa ndipo nthawi yomweyo ndi dzanja kuponya kumbuyo kwake.

Kumayambiriro kwa mothamanga wothamanga apuma pa mbali kutsogolo phazi ndi pang'ono tilts thupi patsogolo. Pamaso khama chomaliza kofunika kuti chiwerengero cha "kuwaza" ndipo muzi- mu panopa dzanja ndi projectile zapitazo. Zinthu mosavuta pa msewu wonyamukira ndege kawirikawiri chinali malo komwe mukufuna kuyamba kusuntha manja anu kumbuyo.

Kodi kutenga dzanja ndi projectile ndi

Pa nthawi ya kuponya wothamanga thupi ayenera pang'ono anapambutsa chammbuyo. Ie pamene kuponya njira zofunika pa mapazi ake, kwenikweni agwidwa manja. Izi kuti azipeza njira ya ntchito mphamvu kwa mpirawo. Pali njira zingapo manja zithunzi kumbuyo pa mothamanga.

makalasi thupi maphunziro kusukulu ife mosavuta adziwe munthawi yomweyo phewa nayenso motsogozedwa kuponya asamathere manja kumbuyo (komanso chifukwa lamulo kwa olowa phewa). Pamene ife akukhudzidwa ndi maseŵera akatswiri kuponya mpirawo amafuna kufufuza njira aluso.

luso amenewa chimatengedwa ngati "Anabweza mpira pa phewa kumanja ndi kumbuyo." gulu limeneli la burashi ndi kwambiri zimatithandiza mathamangitsidwe akukhudzidwira ndi kuchepetsa liwiro. Njira ina, kayendedwe ka manja anu kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo ndipo amapereka zinthu zambiri kulamulira Timeliness wa manja ndi kulemekeza malo a kukula kwa thupi la wochita mpikisano. Njira imeneyi akuti ndi mphamvu kwambiri.

skrestnye sitepe

Monga tanenera kale, nthawi mothamanga-mmwamba liwiro - yofunika zikuluzikulu za bwino kuponya projectile. Komabe, si koyenera kuti tikwaniritse mathamangitsidwe pazipita, chifukwa mwina Usatong'olere minofu. Izi mavuto minofu adzakhala kusokoneza kwambiri udindo wa osewera a - kukankhira mpira.

Ofunika kwambiri akuti pangakhale penultimate wa kuwaza. Zinali iye, "skrestnye kusuntha" amalola kuthamanga-mmwamba kutengerapo mphamvu kwa kuikidwa Mkono projectile a. Nthawi zambiri, njira womaliza asanafe kuponya anafuna kuti titengere malo omasuka kulikankhira projectile.

Chothamanga, ndi wothamanga msanga kukankha pa phazi la mwendo kumanzere kulenga mathamangitsidwe pofuna kuchotsa phazi bwino kutsogolo, mwaulemu, koma mofulumira kusintha ndingaliro ya thupi udindo wa kumbuyo ndi kulola mapazi "kuwathawa" manja.

"Skrestnye sitepe" amafunika chisamaliro chapadera ku zibuluma lapansi. M'pofunika onani kugwirizana kwa zochitika zonse ndi kayendedwe. Pa kuphedwa kwa "skrestnye sitepe" wothamanga ayenera kutera pa lotseguka mwendo pang'ono kunja (mpaka 40 °), nthawi yomweyo onetsetsani kuti Mkono projectile ndi kukonzekera akatemera losatha. Pang'ono kasinthasintha wa mafupa a chiuno, ndilo chifukwa chiphunzitso enieni miyendo, kungakuthandizeni kuponya mpirawo.

Kwenikweni, poyambira malo khama komaliza tinganene ngati wothamanga amadalira pang'ono wopindidwa mwendo, ndi sock yoyendetsedwa outwards; thupi anatembenuka mmbali mu kumanzere kwa kuponyera projectile, ndi dzanja wolunjika mu retracted. Dzanja lamanzere, m'malo mwake, pang'ono akunga pa chigongono, ndipo lili pafupi pachifuwa. The kuwongola wa phazi la kumanzere akakhudza pansi mkati phazi. Nkofunika kuti olamulira a mapewa ndi dzanja lamanja anali mzere wolunjika.

kuponyera

Kumasulidwa mpira wayamba panthawi imene wothamanga akuwatsimikizira mwendo pa bondo. Kupita limakupatsani kupita chitsogolo mpaka mafupa a chiuno, pamene mapewa pang'ono kufika kumeneko. Dzanja, kanjedza, inu muyenera atumiza, onsewo mkono pa phewa ndi kupinda pa chigongono. magulu onse awa mpata Tambasula pazipita minofu kumanja kwa thupi, kutsogolo kwa ntchafu lamanja ndi phewa kumanja. Udindo wa zibuluma ndi akutchedwa "uta tayi".

Pa nthawi imeneyi wothamanga ali atachita maere patsogolo, ndi kuwaza dzanja amapita chitsogolo, kupinda pa chigongono olowa. Burashi ndi mkono amakhalabe ndi kumbuyo. magulu onse awa n'zotheka kuti azipeza ndege liwiro la mpira pa nthawi ya kutaya. Pa nthawi yomweyo dzanja lamanzere ayenera kuchotsedwa kumbuyo kwa inertia kuyenda analimbikitsa choncho patsogolo. Pamene dziko chigongono dzanja limagwirizana ndi khutu, m'pofunika kuyamba gulu zakuthwa mapewa patsogolo. Pa nthawi yomweyo kayendedwe ka wothamanga ayenera kuwongola mkono. Kumaliza kuponya, ndi zibuluma ayenera kupanga "hlestoobraznoe" kayendedwe ka dzanja. Ndi inertia thupi likutithandizanso kumanja, kuwonjezera nthawi yopeza projectile lapansi.

zolakwa Common

Pofuna kukwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino kuponya mpirawo, muyenera kuphunzitsa molimba. Ndipo kulabadira zolakwa wamba. Iwo ndi ochepa, angapo zidutswa, koma tichotse iwo - Ntchito yaikulu kwambiri. The crudest - kupatuka za thupi kumanzere kwa malangizo a kuponya mpira ndi kukhotetsa mwendo lamanzere pa bondo pa nthawi ya ejection wa projectile lapansi. Zimenezi zimabweretsa imfa mosalephera a koyamba mpira mathamangidwe kunyamuka m'manja mwa wochita mpikisano.

Pofuna kuti apempherere mzere mtolo wa wothamanga ayenera abwezere pasadakhale. Akudumphadumpha ndi phazi lake lamanzere, kudzanja lamanja pamene kupinda pa bondo, n'zotheka kuthana ndi ntchito imeneyi.

Njira kuponya mpirawo mu cholinga pafupifupi zofanana ndi akatemera pa osiyanasiyana. Koma akuwonjezera luso ina yofunika: diso ndi lolondola kuyerekeza mtunda chandamale. Zonsezi ndi zotheka kuti "phunzitsa" ndi "tibwereze". Ndipotu, palibe chosatheka, zonse zimadalira chifuniro ndi khama la munthu.