Kukongoletsa pakhomo popanda khomo: zosankha, zipangizo, malingaliro

Pokonzekera kukonzanso nyumba zawo, eni ake amayesera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zonse zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga malo a zipinda zing'onozing'ono. Kuti izi zitheke, ambiri amakana kukhazikitsa zitseko zamkati, motero amalumikiza zipinda zingapo palimodzi. Njirayi ikukuthandizani kuti muwonjezere malire a chipinda ndikuchikulitsa. Koma momwe mungakonzekeretse khomo lopanda chitseko kuti likhale lokongoletsa kwenikweni, tidzakambirana m'nkhani yathu.

Zosankha zadongosolo la kutsegula

Kotero, ngati mutasankha kubwezeretsa mkati mwa kukongoletsa pakhomo, ndiye choyamba ife tikupempha kuti tidziwe momwe zidzakhalire mtsogolo. Zingathe kukhala mabwinja, kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a chigoba kapena kupeza mazenera owonjezera. Mulimonsemo, kapangidwe kake ka mkati kakagwirizanitsa mkati mwa zipinda zonse ziwiri. Ndicho chifukwa chake musapite ku sitolo kuti mupange zokongoletsera, zomwe pamapeto pake zidzakhala zopanda phindu. Pofuna kutsegula chitseko popanda khomo ndi manja anu, choyamba muyenera kufotokoza zojambula zamtsogolo. Tiyeni tikambirane njira zovomerezeka zolembera ndime pakati pa zipinda zotsatira.

Zolemba za pamtunda

Ichi ndi chojambula kwambiri komanso chophweka chomwe mungathe kuchita ndi manja anu. Pachifukwa ichi, zolembera zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a makoswe, koma zimaphatikizidwa ndi mapeto ambiri ndi zokongoletsera zosiyanasiyana.

Kawirikawiri, kukonzekera kutsegulira kotere, ndikofunikira kuchotsa tsamba, ndikuchotsani bokosi ndikuchotsa zinthu zonse zapakhomo. Pambuyo pake padzadutsidwa ndi kumaliza ndi zipangizo zosankhidwa. Zizindikiro zooneka bwino zili zoyenera kwa zipinda zing'onozing'ono ndi zazikulu, pomwe mawonekedwe awo amapangidwa mwamphamvu ndi oletsedwa.

Masalimo mavesi

Khomo archways nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe achikale. Mu chojambula ichi, chigoba chotchinga chimapangidwira ngati mawonekedwe, omwe mbali yake ndi theka lali lonselo. Zojambula zazitali zimakonda kwambiri ndipo n'zosavuta kuchita. Komabe, musanasankhe chisankho ichi, samverani kutalika kwa malo osungira m'nyumba yanu. M'zipinda zomwe kutalika kwa makoma sikupitirira mamita awiri, ndi bwino kuti musapange kutsegulira, pamene akuchepetsanso denga kwambiri.

Ndi bwino kupatsa chithunzicho ngati mawonekedwe a ellipse. Njirayi ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa zipinda zomwe zili ndizitali, monga mawonekedwe apadera a chingwechi amakulolani kuwonetsa kutalika kwa makoma.

Kutsegulidwa kwa maonekedwe osazolowereka

Ngati mafomu osavuta samakhutitsa zopempha za eni, mungayesere ndikupanga zovuta zambiri. Popeza palibe malamulo okhwima m'mapangidwe amasiku ano, mawonekedwe a ndimeyo akhoza kukhala odabwitsa komanso osadabwitsa kwambiri.

Kawirikawiri amaika mabome mwa mawonekedwe a trapezoid, katatu, mawonekedwe ndi maonekedwe osiyanasiyana osakanikirana, ndi zofuna za oblique kumbali imodzi. N'zotheka kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, pamene mawotchi amtundu umodzi amathandizidwa ndi makompyuta osiyanasiyana. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kutalika kwa khomo kuliposa 80 cm.

Kawirikawiri, muzinthu zamakono zamakono mungathe kuona malo osadziwika, opangidwa ndi mawonekedwe, mapafuti kapena mapiritsi a bar. Njira imeneyi imangokongoletsera chipindacho, komanso imapangitsa kuti ndimeyi ikhale pakati pa zipindazo.

Kusamala kwakukulu kumayenera kupangidwa, kukongoletsedwa ndi magalasi achikuda, zidutswa za galasi kapena zosaoneka. Zopangidwe izi ndizovuta kwambiri kuchita pandekha, choncho nthawi zambiri ntchitoyi imadaliridwa ndi akatswiri. Tiyenera kudziŵa kuti mabome ovuta komanso ophwanyika akhoza kuikidwa pokhapokha ngati pakhomo lachitseko ndiloposa chiwerengero chimodzi. Kawirikawiri, kapangidwe kamene kamagwiritsidwa ntchito mu studio-studio. M'zipinda zing'onozing'ono ndi zazing'ono ndi bwino kupatsa chikhalidwe choyambirira chachikale.

Mutatha kusankha momveka bwino pa mawonekedwe a ndime yanu, mukhoza kupitiriza ndi kukongoletsa kwake ndi kusankha zinthu zokongoletsera. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kusankha zakuthupi.

Zosankha zomangidwe

Poganizira momwe mungapangire chitseko chopanda chitseko, phunzirani zonse zomwe mungathe pomaliza ndikusankha zomwe zimayendera bwino mkati mwanu.

Masiku ano zipangizo zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama pazinthu izi:

• matabwa;

• mwala wokongoletsera;

• polyurethane;

• pulasitala;

• pulasitiki;

• mkatimo amachititsa khungu.

Kodi mfundo iliyonse ndi yani yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakhomo, ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane.

Mtengo

Chokongola kwambiri ndi chogwira ntchito ndi mapeto ndi kutenga nawo mbali nkhuni zachilengedwe. Pano, mitundu yamtengo wapatali ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, monga phulusa, thundu, mahogany ndi hornbeam.

Mitundu imeneyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo ndi kukhalitsa, koma ndi ovuta kupanga ndikukhala ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali. Ndicho chifukwa chake malonda otchuka kwambiri masiku ano ndi katundu wa pine. Ili ndi mtengo wovomerezeka, wokhazikika mokwanira, uli ndi makonzedwe okongola, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, akhoza kuthandizidwa mosavuta.

Zingwe zoterezi zimagulitsidwa ngati mawonekedwe omalizidwa, omwe angangowonjezedwa pamalo abwino.

Mosiyana ndi nkhuni zachilengedwe, magulu a MDF angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Zili zolemera kwambiri, zotsika mtengo ndipo zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Mapulogalamu apulasitiki

Kumaliza pulasitiki kumatanthawuzira ku zosankha zachuma zokongoletsera zokongoletsera. Zipangizozi ndi zosavuta kugwira ntchito, chifukwa sizitanthauza kukonzekera koyambirira kwa gawolo ndipo zimamangiriridwa ndi misomali yowonongeka.

Ngakhale kuti ndi zophweka, mapulasitiki amapanga bwino kwambiri. Amatsindika kuopsa kwa mkati ndikupanga kusiyana kumalo oyambirira motsutsana ndi maziko a makoma oyandikana nawo. Mapangidwewa ndi abwino ndipo chifukwa pulasitiki silingagwirizane ndi chinyezi, choncho akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupi ndi khitchini. Kumaliza pulasitiki kungakhoze kuchitidwa ndi aliyense, popeza ngakhale pali zolakwa zinazake, chinthu chophwanyika chingasinthidwe mosavuta.

Polyurethane

Ngati mukuganiza kukongoletsa khomo popanda khomo bwino, samalani ndi zokongoletsa wa polyurethane. Izi ndizowonjezereka, koma panthawi yomweyi, ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga selo lolemera ndi lopanda mtengo wa gypsum. Mapangidwe amenewa amawoneka okongola kwambiri, koma ndi otchipa kwambiri kuposa matani ndi miyala yokongoletsera.

Stucco polyurethane yokhala ndi gulula lapadera pa malo osiyanasiyana. Kulemera kwake kwa zinthuzo kumapangitsa kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito ngakhale pamapangidwe a pulasitiki. Poyamba, zinthu zokongoletsera zili zoyera, koma zimatha kujambulidwa mumthunzi uliwonse.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mfundoyi, khomo likhoza kukongoletsedwa ndi ndondomeko zowongoka kapena zozembera zomwe zikukwera mmwamba. Ngati chipinda chochepa kapena mapangidwe ake sichigwirizana ndi zinthu zazikuluzikulu, mukhoza kukongoletsa makomawo ndi zokongoletsera zokongola kwambiri zofanana.

Mwala wopangira

Mwala wokongoletsera umadziwika ndi luso lake lobweretsa zintchito kupita kumkati ndikugogomezera kulemera kwakukulu ndi kukoma kwa mwiniwake. Masiku ano, mumsika womanga, mungapeze mitundu yambiri ya zakuthupizi, zosiyana ndi mtundu ndi mawonekedwe. Zoonadi, mapetowa sangatchedwe kuti ndalama, koma izi ndizoyenera, chifukwa miyala yokhalamo mkati imayang'ana bwino.

Kukongoletsa pakhomo ndi miyala yokongoletsa kudzafuna khama lalikulu, koma zotsatira zake zimakhala zochititsa chidwi nthawi zonse. Nthaŵi zambiri, sagwirizana ndi ndime yokha, komanso ndi mbali ya makoma ozungulira. Pano mungagwiritse ntchito zogwirizana komanso zojambula. Ngati zitseko zili pafupi, zingathe kuperekedwa mwa chikhalidwe chimodzi. Amayang'ana bwino mwachitsulo kuchokera kumalo ena kupita kumalo ena.

Ngati mwasankha kugwiritsa ntchito mwala wopangira mkati mwa nyumba yanu, samverani kulemera kwa zinthu zomwe mwasankha. Mitundu ina yamatsenga yamtengo wapatali imatha kulemetsa chitseko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisagwiritsidwe ntchito pamapangidwe a pulasitiki. Pachifukwa ichi, ndi bwino kupatsa zosiyana kuchokera ku gypsum.

Mmene mungadzipangire miyala?

1. Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera makoma. Ngati pali zowonongeka zazikulu pamtunda, zimachotsedwa ndi pulasitiki.

2. Kenako pembedzani gululi. Ngati mitundu yosiyanasiyana imasankhidwa pazitseko zowatseguka, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku misomali yowonongeka. Mitundu yolemera kwambiri, ngati matalala a clinker, imayikidwa ku yankho la simenti, guluu, laimu ndi mchenga.

3. Chidutswa cha kutsegula chimayambira ndi mbali yapansi ya khoma. Chogulitsidwacho chimafalikira, kufalikira ndi guluu ndikukankhira pakhoma. Ngati simukufuna kuphatikizapo zidindo za mwalawo pambali ya pangoyamba, nkhaniyo iyenera kudulidwa. Njerwa ya mzere woyamba imayikidwa pafupi ndi kutseguka, ndipo chigawo cha mzere wotsatira chimasunthira mkati, patali chofanana ndi makulidwe a kumapeto kwake. Potero, mizere yosinthana, pangani mapangidwe a kutsegula.

Makatani

Ngati posachedwa muzinthu zanu sizikuphatikizapo kukonzanso nyumba, komabe mukufuna kubweretsa mkati mwatsopano mapepala atsopano, kuwonetseratu kulimbitsa - nsalu zotchinga pakhomo. Kusuntha kumeneku kudzakongoletsa panthawi imodzi, ndipo ngati kuli kofunika, bisani ndimeyo pakati pa zipinda.

Makatani a nsalu amayang'anitsitsa bwino malo otseguka a geometry iliyonse. Chinthu chachikulu ndikumvetsera mwatcheru kusankhidwa kwa mitundu ndi maonekedwe, kuti agwirizane bwino mkati mwa chipindacho. Apo ayi, palibe malire. Zinjira zamkati zimakhala zolemetsa ndi lambrequins, zotayidwa kapena zoletsedwa ndi zopepuka.

Ngati mkati mwa nyumbayo yokongoletsedwera kalembedwe ka kummawa, ndiye kuti zitsulo zamatabwa zimapezeka bwino . Zamtengo wapatali kuchokera ku nkhuni zachilengedwe zokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zingwe ndi mikanda zidzakhala zokongola kwambiri pakhomo. Njirayi imakhalanso yokongola chifukwa sichikusungunula fumbi mmenemo ndipo sichimasokoneza mpweya pakati pa zipinda.

Kusankha zinsalu pakhomo, tcheru khutu ndi zosankha za ulusi. Amaperekedwa pamsika pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zazingwe, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi magalasi, zipolopolo ndi miyala. Zamagetsi zimatha kuphimba ndime yonse kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga chimango chake.

Njira yolembera imakhala yokongola chifukwa imatha kuchitidwa mosavuta ndi manja anu, ndipo mtengo wotsika komanso zosankha zosiyanasiyana zimakupatsani chisinthiko kuti muzisintha momwe mungakhalire chaka chilichonse.

Chomera chokongoletsera

Njira ina yokongoletsera pakhomo popanda khomo ndikumaliza ndi pulasitala wokongoletsera. Zidzakhala zofanana ndi eni eni omwe akufuna kugwira ntchitoyo ndi manja awo, chifukwa njirayi siimabweretsa mavuto apadera ngakhale ambuye osadziŵa zambiri. Kukonzekera uku akuwoneka kuti ndi kotalika komanso wodzichepetsa mu chisamaliro. Zouma zowoneka mosavuta zimakhala zojambula mu mtundu woyenera, kotero kuti kutsegula kumayendera bwino mkati.

Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito yankholo, mazikowo amachotsedwa ndipo zipewa za zinthu zolimbitsa zimasokonezeka. Kenaka kutseguka kumachitidwa ndi primer, pambuyo pake chokongoletsera chikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pothandizidwa ndi odzigudubuza apadera ndi kufa, njirayi imapatsidwa mpumulo wofuna. Pambuyo pa kuyanika kwa pulasitala, imadetsedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ili ndi mapulani.

Kutsiliza

Mwachiwonekere, pali malingaliro ambiri okongoletsera khomo popanda khomo. Mukasankha kalembedwe yoyenera, mukhoza kutembenukira kwa akatswiri kuti muthandizidwe, kapena mungathe kupanga pulojekiti yanu yokhayokha. Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti zipangizo zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati zimagwirizanitsidwa. Pokhapokha mutha kumatha kupanga choyambirira ndi chokongola mawonekedwe a chitseko. Tikukhulupirira kuti zomwe mukuwerengazo zinali zothandiza kwa inu, ndipo zithunzi zomwe zatchulidwa m'nkhaniyi zakuthandizani kusankha njira yabwino yokongoletsera ndime pakati pa zipinda.