Kodi operetta? ndi operetta nyimbo chiyani? operetta Theater

Gwirizanani, funso: "Kodi operetta" kamodzi pa moyo auka kwa munthu aliyense, ndi aliyense anapeza yankho lake. Akuwukha ndi ife mu phunziro ili chidwi.

Operetta - ndi mtundu wanyimbo wapadera luso ed. Iwo akhoza limanenedwa ngati malo nyimbo kuti Chili luso amapilira aluso ndi dialogues awo wowoneka ndi maphunziro kuvina. Pakati pake penipeni, iyi ndi ntchito Mipikisano faceted maphunziro, masewero omwe ali kuwala, ankasewera khalidwe, koma nthawi zina amabisa nditaona subtext kapena ngakhale sewero.

Mizu mbiri ya operetta ndi magwero akale pamene zisudzo mu zisudzo awo anachita lachidule kuchokera mu moyo wa milungu, anawaika ulemu kwa maola ambiri a zisudzo, lomwe kale kunachokera majeremusi loyamba operetta lapansi. Chikondi, kapena n'zomvetsa chisoni sanali kokha nyimbo, komanso watanthauzo poyerekezera ndi kuvina ndi chiphunzitso kwambiri.

Kagulu chozizwitsa - operetta

Monga mtundu wanyimbo osiyana operetta zisudzo poyamba anaonekera mu XIX atumwi ku Europe: Vienna, Germany, France, England. Pambuyo kuwachezera, inu mosavuta kupeza yankho ku funso lakuti: kodi ndi sewero lanthabwala zoimbira nyimbo? Ndiko kumene mtundu uwu wa luso anabadwa ndipo wakhala inakulitsidwa.

woyambitsa The imatengedwa kuti ndi operetta ndi Jacques Offenbach. Ichi ndi chabwino French Wolemba chiyambi German, amene wakhala moyo wake ntchito mu mtundu wanyimbo zachilendo. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake yodabwitsa luso wakhala anazindikira mwa zambiri zikuluzikulu kanjedza dramatics Mwachitsanzo, K. Stanislavsky. chilakolako wake amalowa anayamba ndi operetta yokha. Mu mabuku ena amanena, bambo maziko a nyimbo amapilira zisudzo lotchedwa Austria Wolemba Franz von Suppe. Inde, mfundo imeneyi angathe kumwedwa odalirika monga Suppe wapanga chopereka kwambiri kuti operetta lapansi. Masiku ano, pafupifupi ntchito, chifukwa zaluso zake, Waltz zikumveka ndi mawonekedwe a chifaniziro zambiri za chimatsogoleredwa, chikondi khalidwe, osati sewero lanthabwala a.

Operetta mu Europe

Nthawi ya operetta French zinali zodzaza ndi maluwa kulenga cha umunthu owala, monga Zhak Offenbah. Iwo zisudzo pa Champs Élysées ( "Bouffes-Parisiens") linatsegulidwa, limene amaika ntchito zazikulu monga "awiri akhungu", "Parisian Moyo", "Orpheus mu nthaka", "The Chokongola Helen" ndi ena ambiri. Operetta ankasiyana kulonjeza mokondwera, zoseketsa ndi capricious maganizo. Nthawi yabwino ya operetta English amagwirizana ndi zithunzi ngati wotchuka William Gilbert ndi A. Sullivan. mgwirizano yobala zipatso za anthu aluso kwachititsa kuti chilengedwe cha mkombero Savoy zisudzo. Ena mwa iwo ndi azithunzithunzi za zisudzo "Mlandu ndi loweruza", zoyenera nkhani ya kuswa lonjezo la ukwati. Pambuyo Pambuyo polemba zina 13 ntchito limodzi onsewo nako kupambana kwakukulu.

Chidwi kwambiri ndi Viennese chakale operetta. Inu simungakhoze kunyalanyaza chimunthu ofunika kwambiri monga Iogann Shtraus (mwana). Kuti dzina la munthu wa namatetule, luntha lake amalowa nyimbo kugwirizana likulu chikhalidwe Europe. Ndi mtundu wanyimbo wa operetta kwambiri Wolemba ndinakumana ali okhwima, ndipo n'zotheka kuti mfundo imeneyi anachita mbali yofunika kwambiri mu chilengedwe cha ntchito zake ina. Tiyenera kuunikila operetta "Mwalirani Fledermaus" kuntchito amene adatenga 6 masabata. mankhwala luso akadali m'gulu la ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ya Wolemba lapansi. Ndipemphe munthu funso: "Kodi operetta," ndi mayanjano woyamba mukuwadziwa - izi ndi Vienna, Johann Strauss mwana ndi ntchito odzitukumula wa woimba Austria "Mwalirani Fledermaus".

Operetta ku Russia

Ngati ife kulankhula za dziko lathu, ndi mtundu wanyimbo wa operetta nthawi yaitali sanamuzindikire ndi sanasangalale kupambana kwakukulu ndi omvera athu. Anthu ankakonda kuonera vaudeville, nyimbo ndi zisudzo zosiyanasiyana. Mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma XIX, zinthu zikusintha mu Russia ayamba amaoneka magulu oyamba ntchito mu mtundu wanyimbo la sewero yaing'ono.

repertoire inkakhala ntchito ndi olemba European, makamaka French. Koma iwo ikuchitika ngati chuma wotchuka mamita Theatre ndi Music, monga Alexander Glazunov, Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, M. Tairov. chizindikiro chake mu mtundu wanyimbo izi ed anasiya wotsogolera ndi wosewera Vladimir Lentovsky. Iye anatsegula owonetsera zikuluzikulu mu Russia, zobiriwira ndiponso mokweza zisudzo ake anasonkhana amaona. Pa ulaliki akufufuza kuti onse ojambula zithunzi otchuka, ndipo amaonetsa wamba. Zikomo ntchito yake mu mtundu wanyimbo wa operetta mapazi awo koyamba ojambula zithunzi zambiri luso: Monakhov, K. Ahelene, V. Shuvalov, A. Bryansk, I. Vavich ndi ena.

The heyday wa operetta mtundu wanyimbo mu Russia ikagwa nthawi Union. oyambitsa ake ankaona kuti Dunayevsky ndi N. Strelnikov. Operetta nthawi imeneyi akuyamba tikhale ake mbali mwini chosiyana Chili mwambo wa chakale Viennese sukulu ndi mzimu wa masiku ano. Mabaibulo amene timapemphera mu ankasewera amphamvu, zoseketsa ndipo nthawizina wachipongwe unsembe. Koma mawu ali nthawizonse chidwi!

Zinali zosangalatsa kudziwa kuti operetta monga mtundu wanyimbo ndi alipo yekha mu Russia, koma m'dziko lathu pali dzina. Mu West, kuchita izi amatchedwa "azithunzithunzi za zisudzo" kapena, monga Germany, "Singspiel".

Tiyeni tikambirane ...

Ife mwachidule anakhudza funso: kodi operetta? nyimbo ali osiyanasiyana, monga mwa mtundu uliwonse luso. Unikani ndi kuphunzira aliyense wa iwo akhoza kukhala wopandamalire, koma ife kukhudza malo opatulika - ndi Operetta Theatre.

Mu dziko lathu, wotchuka kwambiri zochitika za sewero yaing'ono Moscow. The zisudzo nyumba zisudzo akuzisunga mwambo tingachipeze powerenga kuonetsa ntchito nyimbo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kulandira njira zamakono m'chilengedwe chawo. Otsogolera amakonda kusankha chabwino mapulogalamu akale, chotero mwaluso ntchito ku iwo chinenero chamakono ndi luso latsopano mwa kundipatsako kwa katundu ndi atsopano zaluso zamakono popereka kuwala bwino. Chifukwa cha ntchito wanzeru wa mkulu ndi osewera zodabwitsa lero Theatre Moscow Operetta ali ndi udindo waukulu ku Russia ndipo wolemekezeka Europe.

The Best wa operetta

Mwina bwino ntchito inu mosavuta monga ankalengeza ndipo chili pa magawo wotchuka mu dziko: Vienna, French, Russian. Pakati pawo wotere chidwi operetta monga "mleme" ndi "Gypsy Baron" Ioganna Shtrausa Jr., ntchito wotchuka Chihangare Wolemba Imre Kalman "Bambo X", "Silva," "Bayadera"; Maka operetta ndi Jacques Offenbach "serocolitis" ndi "The Chokongola Helen"; Sitidzaiwala zolengedwa za Franz Lehar a "The panyengo Wamasiye," "Gypsy Chikondi", ndi wothwanima staging Louis Barnes, "Fanfan-Tulip."

Izi ndi zina ntchito mwapadera analemba lalikulu amadziwika ndi okondedwa m'mayiko ambiri. omvetsera mokondwera kupita kupereka mabanja lonse, chifukwa zapamwamba nthawi zonse anakhudza moyo wa oimira mibadwo yosiyana.

Mwachidule, chinthu chachikulu

Tikumbukenso kuti operetta - ndi mtundu wanyimbo kuti, monga ntchito zolembalemba, mu m'badwo uliwonse amaona mosiyanasiyana. Ndi chinthu chimodzi kuwerenga, monga "Anna Karenina" mu kalasi la khumi, ndipo pagona - monga munthu wamkulu kamodzinso kukumana ndi chiwembu. Adzakhululukidwa anazindikira mosiyana. zisudzo nyimbo khalidwe la nkhani yomweyo.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ndi operetta tingachipeze powerenga zambiri likufa kukhazikitsa mu sewero mwachizolowezi a Mitundu ina nyimbo: nyimbo ndi thanthwe opera. merging Izi a zisudzo malangizo ndi khalidwe osati kwa dziko lathu koma dziko lonse la nyimbo. Ndizabwino kudziwa izo resonates mu mitima ya okonda za mtundu wanyimbo zodabwitsa za operetta.