Kodi n'zotheka kumwa mowa wosakhala mowa pamtunda komanso kuchuluka kotani?

Amagalimoto ambiri sawona mavuto pogwiritsa ntchito mowa wosakhala mowa. Iwo amawayerekeza iwo ndi soda wamba kapena kvass. Pa nthawi yomweyi, madalaivala amenewa nthawi zonse amayankha motsimikiza kuti ndizotheka kumwa mowa wosakhala mowa pamagudumu .

Kuchita kafukufuku

Pofuna kumvetsa zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto, muyenera kudziwa momwe zakumwa izi zimakhudzira thupi. Izi zikhoza kuchitidwa mwachidziwitso.

Okonda kuyesera amapanga phunziro, pomwe anthu ankakonda kumwa zakumwa zolimba. Pambuyo pake, chikhalidwe chawo chinayesedwa ndi katswiri - katswiri wa mbiri ya narcologist, ndipo ndondomeko ya mowa mu mpweya wotulutsa mpweya imayesedwa ndi gas analyzer. Pofuna kukhulupilika, phunziroli linagwiritsidwa ntchito kvass - 1.5 l, madzi apulo - 1 l, mowa wosamwa mowa wa mankhwala awiri omwe ali ndi mowa wambiri wa 0,5% ndi 0,34% - 2 malita aliwonse, mankhwala opangidwa ndi thovu omwe ali ndi mphamvu 3% 1 lita imodzi.

Njira Zothandizira

Kuti mudziwe ngati n'zotheka kuyendetsa galimoto pambuyo pa mowa wosakhala mowa, ophunzira asanuwo anapatsidwa theka kuti amwe kuchokera ku zakumwa zogula. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iwo anagawa mwachisawawa pakati pawo. Winawake ankayenera kumwa madzi, ndipo wina - mowa.

Mphindi 10 pambuyo poti bukuli lidaledzeredwa, nkhanizo zinafufuzidwa. Kwa theka la ola iwo amagwiritsa ntchito:

• Munthu woyamba - 0,5 l wa madzi,
• Wachiwiri - 1 lita imodzi yosamwa mowa ndi mphamvu ya 0.34%
• Wachitatu - 1 lita imodzi ya mowa ndi 0,5% mphamvu,
• Wachinayi - 0,7 l wa kvass,
• Wachisanu - 0,5 malita a koumiss.

Chifukwa cha kafukufukuyo adapeza kuti onse adakhala oganiza bwino. Gesi analyzer inasonyeza 0.0 ppm.

Kupitiriza kwa kuyesa

Koma ambiri amafunika kudziwa momwe mungamwe mowa wosakhala mowa pamagudumu. Choncho, oyeserawo sanaime, atapeza zotsatirazo. Iwo amangopatsa maphunzirowo ola limodzi. Pambuyo pake kwa mphindi zina 40 adamwa madzi onse.

Panthawiyi mayeserowo anachitidwa patangotha kupuma kotsiriza. Ndi kafukufuku wamtundu uwu omwe amachititsa kuti muthe kumvetsetsa chomwe chiti chichitike ngati mutamwa mowa wosakhala mowa pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto. Panthawiyi gas analyzer inanena kuti maphunziro atatu pa digiri. Woledzera kwambiri ndiye yemwe ankamwa koumiss. Muwiri mwa mpweya wozizira, 1.05 ppm adalembedwa. Kachiwiri panali munthu yemwe adamwa 2 malita a mowa wosamwa mowa ndi mphamvu ya 0,5%. Mpweya wake wa analyzer unapanga 0.11 ppm. Pamwamba atatu anatsekedwa ndi munthu yemwe, mwa maere, analandira 2 malita a mowa ndi 0,34%. Mu mpweya wa mpweya, 0.09 ppm zinalembedwa. Ziphuphu zokhudzana ndi kuti kvass ndi madzi apulo amachititsanso kuti chiwerengerocho chikhale chonyenga. Amuna omwe adamwa zakumwa izi adakhalabe oganiza bwino.

Miyezo yowonjezeredwa

Kuti mumvetsetse, mwa kuchuluka kwa momwe mungapezere kumbuyo kwa gudumu pambuyo pa mowa wosakhala mowa, ochita kafukufuku anachita mobwerezabwereza magawo ena theka pambuyo pake. Iwo omwe ankamwa kvass ndi madzi, iwo sanalinso nawo nawo, chifukwa anali oganiza bwino. Chifukwa cha kufufuza kwa ena, deta imeneyi inapezedwa. Otsatira a zakumwa zosalepheretsa kwa nthawi yochepayi anatha kusokonezeka. Pang'ono pang'ono tipsy anali munthu yemwe ankamwa koumiss. Gasi analyzer inalembedwa kuwerenga pa mlingo wa 0.15 ppm. Pomwepo, wopanga anali wolondola pamene adanena kuti mphamvu ya mkaka wowawasa ndi 3%.

Podziwa izi, mukhoza kudzifunsa nokha ngati mungamwe mowa wosamwa mowa. Panthawi ya kuyesera, anapeza kuti zakumwazi sizingafanane ndi madzi okoma, madzi kapena kvass. Ilo liri ndi mowa, lomwe limakhudza zomwe zimachitika. Koma chifukwa cha ndende yake yaing'ono, munthu amabwera mofulumira kwambiri.

Fufuzani ndi katswiri wa mbiri yakale

Kuwonjezera pa kuyesa ndi gas analyzer, nkhanizo zinayesedwa ndi katswiri. Anayesa zizindikiro zomwe zingasonyeze kuledzera. Poyendera, kuyang'ana kwa phokoso, kuchepa kwake, kuyanjana kwa mawu kunayang'aniridwa, mawonekedwe anayesedwa. Komanso, katswiriyo amalingalira ngati kununkhira kuchokera pakamwa pake, kufufuza momwe mpweya umapuma ndi kuyambira, kuyang'ana momwe ophunzira amachitira kuunika, kaya pali chizindikiro cha mantha a khungu, anafunsidwa kuyika chala pamphuno ndi maso otsekedwa.

Chifukwa cha kafukufuku wotere, anapeza kuti, ngakhale kuti gas analyzer yawerengeka bwino, panalibe chidakwa pang'ono pakati pa anthu omwe ankamwa mowa wosakhala mowa. Amuna asangalala kwambiri, atamwa 2 malita a zakumwa zoledzera.

Koma patadutsa theka la ora iwo anawomba. Ndizosatheka kunena chimodzimodzi za munthu yemwe amamwa koumiss. Katswiri wa mbiri yakale anapeza kuti ndikumwa mowa mwauchidakwa pamapeto omaliza. Pambuyo pa gudumu mu dziko lino, ndizosayenera kubwerera.

Mbali za phunzirolo

Poyesera kupeza ngati ndizotheka kumwa mowa wosamwa mowa, kuyesera kunayendetsedwa kuti zotsatira zake zisakhudze chirichonse. Poyamba, katswiri wa mbiri yakale anafufuza nkhani zonse. Analoledwa kuyesa pokhapokha adokotala atatsimikizira kuti ali oganiza bwino.

Kuwonjezera pamenepo, pa kuyesa iwo sanaloledwe kudya kapena kusuta. Chotsatirachi ndi choyenera chifukwa chakuti alkotester ikhoza kusokoneza kukhalapo kwa chikonga. Masensa onse omwe amatha kusokoneza utsi amatha kusokoneza utsi wa ndudu, kuwukakamiza ndi mpweya wa mowa.

Ikani zikhalidwe

Zaka zitatu zapitazo, woyang'anitsitsa akhoza kunena zaledzera ngati breathalyzer inasonyeza zoposa 0.00 ppm. Koma mu 2013, miyambo idasintha. Amaloledwa kuti mlengalenga mpweya wotuluka ndi dalaivala, pamakhala 0.16 mg / l, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi 0.3 ppm ya mowa m'magazi. Malingana ndi maiko apadziko lonse chizindikiro ichi sichiyenera kupitirira 0.5 ppm.

Akatswiri amadziwanso momwe amachitira mowa mwauchidakwa malinga ndi kumwa mowa wambiri. Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti gasi analyzers ali ndi vuto linalake, kotero iwo akhoza kuchita ngakhale mutangomwa kumwa mowa osati mowa pamene akuyendetsa galimoto. Chizindikiro chodalirika ndi kuyesa magazi.

Choncho, pozindikira kuchokera ku 0.2 mpaka 1.2%, amalankhula za mowa pang'ono. Pozindikira kuti 2.2% ya mowa imayika pakatikati. Ngati gesi analyzer ikuwonetsa zoposa 2.2%, koma osaposa 2.7%, ndiye kuti munthuyo waledzera kwambiri. Pafupifupi mlingo ukuwonetsedwa ndi kuwerenga pa mlingo mpaka 4.7%. Kukula kwakukulu kukupha.

Lolani kapena kuletsani?

Kudziwa zikhalidwe ndikuwona zotsatira za kuyesedwa, inunso mungathe kuganiza ngati n'zotheka kumwa mowa wosakhala mowa pamagudumu. Ngati tilingalira deta ya phunziro ili pamwamba, zikuwoneka kuti madalaivala sangathe kuletsedwa. Koma musaiwale kuti kukhudzidwa ndi mowa - izi ndizokhaokha. Ndipo kwa munthu wina, 2 malita a mowa wosakanizidwa akhoza kukhala mlingo wovuta. Ndipotu, katswiri wa mbiri yakale anapezeka ndi "kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso" kwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa zakumwa izi.

Musanayambe kudziwa ngati ndiloledwa kumwa mowa wosakhala mowa pang'onopang'ono, zindikirani kuti zikhoza kumakhudzanso chidwi ndi msangamsanga. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti mukhoza kukhala wochimwa wa ngozi. Ndipo khulupirirani ine, ngakhale pang'ono chakumwa chopezeka mu kafukufuku sikungakuthandizeni. Ndiye kodi ndibwino kuti pakhale ngozi? Komanso, mowa amatha kunena kuti kusiyana koledzeretsa ndi koipa kuposa poyamba.

Zizindikiro za zakumwa

Pofuna kumvetsetsa bwino ngati zili zoyenera komanso ngati n'zotheka kumwa mowa wosakhala mowa pamsewu, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa momwe amalandirira. Musaganize kuti izi ndizosowa zosakaniza ndi zokometsera. Ndipotu, zimachitidwa mofanana ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Njirayi ikuyamba ndi kumera kwa tirigu, kuyanika, kukupera. Chifukwa cha ufawu amatsanulira ndi madzi ndipo chofufumitsa chimapezeka. Chakudyacho chawonjezeredwa kale ndikudikirira mpaka ndondomeko yoyera ikupita. Pochita zimenezi, shuga, yomwe ili m'mbewu, imasandulika carbon dioxide ndi mowa.

Kuti mupeze zakumwa zosaledzeretsa, zikupitilizidwa. Kusakaniza kumeneku kunasankhidwa ndipo mowa umene uli mkati mwake unasungunuka. Koma zamakono zamakono sizilola kuti azitsuka kwathunthu. Choncho, ngakhale mumatchedwa omwe si mowa mowa, kumwa mowa kwinakwake kulipobe.

Ndondomeko yoyesera

Musanayambe kumwa mowa wosakhala mowa pamsewu, muyenera kudziwa kuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito mukhoza kukhala fungo la zakumwa zoledzera. Choncho, woyang'anitsitsa ali ndi ufulu wakupemphani kukayezetsa kukaonana ndi katswiri wapadera.

Kumeneko, dalaivala amatha kuyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri wa mbiri yakale, yemwe, malinga ndi zizindikiro zachipatala, adzawona ngati pali zizindikiro za kumwa mowa. Komanso, dokotala amatha kudziwa mtundu wa mowa womwe munthuyo ali nawo.

Kuonjezerapo, kuti atsimikizidwe, katswiri akhoza kuchita zofufuza zenizeni kapena kuchita masewera a labotale. Pofufuza, gwiritsani ntchito magazi, mitsempha kapena mkodzo, malingana ndi mphamvu ndi zipangizo zomwe zili m'kati mwa akatswiri.

Zotsatira za kafufuzidwezo zaikidwa mu protocol yapadera, yomwe imaperekedwa kwa munthu amene akuyendetsa galimotoyo. Munthu amene anafunsidwa, amatha kudziwa zomwe akatswiri a mbiri yakale amanena.

Kuwonetsa zotsatira

Nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuti madalaivala sakugwirizana ndi mapeto ndikupitiriza kunena kuti anali oganiza bwino. Pankhaniyi, palibe kulumbira. Ndi bwino kunena kuti mukufuna kupanga kafukufuku wachiwiri. Koma kumbukirani kuti ziyenera kuchitika mkati mwa maola awiri kuchokera pomwe mutsekeredwa. Ngati nthawi yambiri ikupita, zotsatira zafukufuku sizidzakhala zolakwika.

Kuti mubwereze ndondomekoyi, muyenera kulemba ntchito yosiyana. Kufufuza mobwerezabwereza kumachitidwa ndi katswiri wina, akhoza kuyesa mayeso a labotale ngati kuli kofunikira.

Ngati woyang'anira akuwombera, zomwe zingakhalepo ngakhale pogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, ndiye kuti ali ndi ufulu wakukutumizirani kukayezetsa. Choncho, musanasankhe ngati n'zotheka kumwa mowa wosamwa mowa, ganiziraninso. Mwina, kafukufukuyo asonyeza kuti ndinu osamala kwambiri. Pambuyo pa zonse, mwinamwake, mukamafika kuchipatala, onse awiri a mowa adzakhala atatha kale. Koma mutaya nthawi ndi mitsempha yanu.

Koma aliyense ali ndi ufulu wosankha ngati pali mavuto ena omwe ayenera kuyembekezera pa zosangalatsa zosautsa zomwe adzalandira pogwiritsa ntchito mowa wosamwa.