Kodi nyongolotsi anthu (onani chithunzi). Mitundu mphutsi

Mphutsi zimene parasitizing, kukhala ndi moyo mu thupi la zomera, zinyama ndi anthu, makamaka mu mankhwala otchedwa "helminths", monga yotchuka ndi mphutsi chabe. Matenda oyamba ndi iwo, alipo ambiri mbali iliyonse ya dzikoli.

mitundu ya majeremusi

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, anthu oposa biliyoni kugonjetsa mphutsi zimene zimachititsa zimamuchulukira chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi kupanga mabowo ziwiya. Kuchotsa majeremusi awa, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kapena za mankhwala dziko. Zoipa kwambiri kwa thupi zingachititse mitundu itatu ya mphutsi: flukes, kuzungulira ndi tapeworms. Musanayambe kusankha njira nazo, m'pofunika kumvetsa mmene kuyang'ana ngati mphutsi anthu.

roundworms

Zochita matenda, majeremusi awa otchedwa nematodes. Izi ndi mtundu sizachilendo mphutsi, amene ali mitundu yoposa twente-foro sauzande ufulu ngati, ndi majeremusi.

Dzina la mtundu anapatsidwa mawonekedwe chonse, amene Tingaone mu gawo mtanda. Iwo mphutsi ndi woonda elongated ndi lakuthwa pa malekezero onse a thupi. Oimira ambiri wa mtundu uwu, ndiwo parasitic mu thupi trichina, Ascaris anthu, whipworm, ana zamapini. Apa m'pofunika kupeza momwe kuyang'ana ngati mphutsi anthu.

thupi zozungulira angafikire makumi masentimita, ndi kuli amuna akazi. Thupi lake ndi pano, ngati chingwe. Ndi ili mu intestine yaing'ono. Tiziromboti poizoni poizoni amene uka chifukwanso kagayidwe.

Mu intestine ang'ono ndi ikuluikulu parasitize zamapini. Ichi ndi nyongolotsi laling'ono, limene kutalika kwa thupi si upambana centimeter wina. Akazi zambiri chiikire mazira pafupi chotulukira, ndi kuchititsa kuyabwa. Izi mtundu wa mphutsi ndi zambiri anawona ana.

Koma mitundu yoopsa kwambiri roundworms kuti anthu whipworm ndi trichina.

flukes

Mu yochizira matenda, iwo amatchedwa trematodes. Mtundu uwu wa nyongolotsi anthu (chithunzi - m'nkhani) ndi flattened, kuphwa thupi pepala mawonekedwe kapena chinenero. The makulidwe a nyongolotsi izi angafikire mamita imodzi ndi theka. Mu anthu majeremusi deta thupi bwinobwino kugwa pamene ntchito underdone kapena yaiwisi nsomba kapena nsomba zazinkhanira. Kawirikawiri parasitize osiyana, ngakhale matupi zosayembekezereka (a sac conjunctival kapena chubu Eustachian) kapena adzadziphatika kwa mpanda wa ducts kubwereketsa.

Amachita zimenezi kudzera mwa suckers (kapena akanema awiri, malingana ndi mitundu). nyongolotsi amenewa anayamba m'mimba, ubereki, mantha dongosolo ndi pafupifupi munthu kupuma ndi magazi. Iwo kudya mwazi wa asilikali, nkhani ya m'matumbo wake, kapena epithelium ntchofu. Nawa nyongolotsi anthu.

Dzina anapatsidwa malinga helminths ndi zolakwika, popeza thupi iwo alibe akuyamwitsa. Koma, ngakhale, anthu awononga chifukwa cha iwo ndi zoopsa. Wapakatikati khamu njoka za nkhono, ndiye nsomba ndi chomaliza - inakhala pophatikizapo munthu.

Tapeworms anthu

Komanso flukes pamwambapa, flatworms, lophatikizana ndi ubwamunalo linagawanika mu tapeworms ndi tapeworms. Mosiyana chonse, awa ndi khamu wapakatikati (nyama ndi nsomba). Ndi mphutsi kukhala mu thupi lake. Kukhala okhwima kugonana, kawirikawiri opezeka matumbo peresenti ya munthu.

Thupi la helminths lagawidwa zigawo. Mutu thupi kuphatikana, kenako pali malo kukula, kotero tiziromboti wakudya padziko thupi, ndi chakudya kamakhala m'mimba khamu chakudya cha iye. Ku chimbudzi mu thupi la mphutsi (komanso zina zambiri majeremusi) zimawachititsa mankhwala kwaiye antikinaza, pancreatic madzi neutralizing. Koma mu nkhani za matenda kudziwa majeremusi ndi kusiyana wofunika kwambiri pakati pa unyolo ndi njoka zam'mimba za matepi.

Cha mtsogolo yodziwika ndi mutu (scolex) ndi grooves awiri prisasyvatelnye kapena maenje pa kumaso kwa helminth lapansi. Mazira anamasulidwa mu chilengedwe chifukwa chakuti chiberekero ali dzenje yake. Pamene kafukufuku excreta angapezeke.

Chifukwa cha maonekedwe onse njoka zam'mimba za matepi. Ribbonlike, anagawa ndi zigawo za thupi ndi mbali khalidwe. M'litali nyongolotsi imeneyi kungakhale kwa meters khumi.

Ndi zikho zinayi suction ili pa mutu, izo zaikidwa pakhoma matumbo. khosi A ili kuseri kwa izo, ndi kukula zomwe anapanga zigawo. Pezani mazira a majeremusi izi ndi zovuta chifukwa chakuti, kuti chiberekero alibe kutsegula excretory. Nawa nyongolotsi anthu.

majeremusi Khama kugonjetsedwa

Pakuti mphutsi awa amakhala ndi magawo atatu a chitukuko. Poyamba, pali dzira kuchokera lomwe limapezeka kenaka migrans intestine larva ndiye kuti malo okhalamo okhazikika (osiyanasiyana ziwalo). Mphutsi kuti akadzakula. Koma anthu ena a nyongolotsi awa ali mu malo amodzi ndi losandulizika, mwachitsanzo mu intestine lapansi.

Kumvetsa kumene mu thupi anali majeremusi, m'pofunika kudziwa zimene ndi nyongolotsi anthu. Iwo agawidwa mu kukhudzana, kuti imafalikira amapatsirana, geohelminthiasis - amene kulowa thupi kuchokera pansi pa zomera kutsukidwa bwino biogelmintozy - kugwa kudzera nyama akhudzidwa kapena nsomba.

Zizindikiro za kukhalapo kwa majeremusi m'thupi la munthu

Kawirikawiri zotupa zizindikiro zimadalira siteji ya chitukuko cha nyongolotsi okha. matenda ndi pachimake ndipo anapeza sitepe. Woyamba ukhoza mpaka milungu itatu ndipo amakhala ndi matupi awo sagwirizana totupa, chifuwa youma, silifooketsa anthu ofuna, ndi milingo apamwamba eosinophils anati m'magazi.

Chotsatira mwina ndi nthawi ya zaka zingapo. Kuno ku akudzizindikiritsa zizindikiro za tizilombo bwanji malo a kutanthauzira, makamaka mphamvu ndi ulamuliro wao. Pokhala pa mipando nsalu kufalitsa nyongolotsi anthu (chithunzi - m'nkhani) kuwaononga, n'kuchititsa yotupa anachita. Mitundu ina mofulumira kukula akhoza zoipa mpaka kalekale thanzi lake kapena chifukwa wonongeka kwa ziwalo zofunika kwambiri.

Zifukwa kudziwika pamaso pa majeremusi opangidwa mazira ndi mphutsi kudzera kusanthula ndowe, sputum, etc.