Kodi mgwirizano Schengen, ndiponso mmene miyoyo ya alendo wamba

Aliyense wamva mawu, "ndi Schengen mgwirizano." Komabe, anthu ambiri adziwe chimene icho chiri, ndi momwe zosiyana ndi zimene malamulo ameme European Union. Mawu "Schengen" bwinobwino. Komanso, chaka chilichonse mndandanda wa mayiko kugwirizana kusintha ndakatulo nthambi. Palinso limati amene anasaina pangano komabe amafuna kutsegula kwa chitupa cha visa chikapezeka wakunja kukaona madera ake. Ndipo pali anthu (makamaka nyenyezi yaing'ono boma), amene sanabwere ku dera, koma de A facto amalola kulowa kusalankhula ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo. Tiyeni tione mbali ya mgwirizano umenewu, kuti sitinali osadzuka mavuto zosafunika ndi alonda malire pamene mukuwoloka malire.

Sikapangano Schengen yosainidwa mu June 1985, maiko asanu okha: Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, Netherlands ndi France. Lingaliro la kulenga chikalata izi ndi za maiko Benelux, pakati pa iwo ndi pamaso kuti panali pangano chapatatu pa ulendo chitupa cha visa chikapezeka-free. Kusainirana pangano anatenga malo pa bolodi ngalawa "Mfumukazi Marie-Astrid", adayima pakati pa mtsinje Mosel m'malo mwa mgwirizano mayiko a Germany, France ndi Luxembourg. Ndi kuthetsa pafupi unali mudzi mwa nyanja "Schengen". Choncho, chikalata anasaina amatchedwa ndi dzina lake. Iye anali kudziŵika kuti "Schengen mgwirizano".

Unafotokoza kuti phasing mwa amazilamulira malire pakati pa mayiko amenewa. Patapita zaka zisanu, mu 1990, msonkhano walemba pa ntchito ya chakudya cha pangano limeneli, ndipo patatha zaka 5, mu March 1995, iye yapindula, mwachitsanzo otchedwa Schengen zone unakhazikitsidwa. Ndi nthawi chikalata mayiko anagwirizana ndi maiko wina ziwiri - Spain ndi Portugal. De jure, sikapangano Schengen ali unatha mu May 1999, pamene iye limodzi ndi mphamvu ya Amsterdam Pangano. Malinga ndi chikalata ichi, Mfundo zokhudza chitupa cha visa chikapezeka-free kulowa mkati zone akhala m'gulu la ambiri malamulo EU.

Choncho, malamulo a pangano Schengen mkati woyendera nthambi de A facto. Kuti mogwirizana ndi afunika kudziwa alendo mwachizolowezi ku dziko kunja kwa EU - monga Russia, Ukraine, etc ...? Choyamba, si mayiko onse amene anasaina mgwirizano aforesaid aphatikizidwa woyendera nthambi. Mwachitsanzo, Ireland ndi United Ufumu sanachedwe kuvomereza Pangano, koma m'dera la apolisi ndi mgwirizano milandu. Kuti apite ku dziko awa alendo muyenera wapadera chitupa cha visa chikapezeka dziko. Pangano siligwira ntchito kwa madera kunja wa mayiko a ku Ulaya mu dera: Netherlands, France, Denmark, Norway. Mlendo atanyamula Schengen chitupa cha visa chikapezeka ndi kulowa limodzi, muyenera kukumbukira chinthu chimodzi. Galimoto mu nyenyezi yaing'ono boma Andorra, iwo achoke m'deralo, ndipo adzawathandiza sitingapeze kuvomereza.

Pali wodziwanso kuposa Vuto: si onse mayiko a Schengen mgwirizano mu 2013 (mndandanda uli voluminous ndithu chikukhudza mayiko 30) aphatikizidwa m'dera wowopsa kulamulira chitupa cha visa chikapezeka. Bulgaria, Cyprus, Romania ndi Croatia agwirizana chikalatacho. Komabe, onse nzika zawo ndi alendo ndi chitupa cha visa chikapezeka dziko m'mayikowa, chofunika chilolezo chapadera kulowa m'dera la dziko la Schengen nthambi.