Kodi kusinthasintha kwa mawu n'kofunika motani?

Ntchito zambiri, makamaka zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kufunika kokambirana ndi anthu nthawi zonse, zimafuna kukhala ndi chidziwitso, zowonongeka, ndipo, chifukwa chake, chikhalidwe chakulankhula kwathunthu pamlingo waukulu.

Chikhalidwe cholankhulira chimaphatikizapo makhalidwe omwe apangidwa kuti akhale okhudzidwa kwambiri kwa wothandizira, malingana ndi momwe ziriri, zolinga ndi zolinga. Motero, khalidwe lakulankhulidwa molunjika limadalira malingaliro:

• Kulondola;
• Nzeru;
• Kukonza;
• Zofotokozera;
• Chuma ndi zosiyana;
• Kulankhulana.

Kuchokera pa makhalidwe atatu oyambirira mumatsatira lingaliro lofanana ndi lingaliro la kulankhula, lomwe limatanthawuza pa nkhani yopereka chidziwitso kwa womvetsera ndi kutsimikizira lingaliro lake lolondola.

Kulingalira kwakulankhula kumatanthawuza kukhoza kufotokoza mozama maganizo. Ndifunikanso kufotokozera zomwe zilipo moyenera komanso moyenera.

Kulankhulana bwino mu ntchito zake ndikofanana ndi kulondola. Makhalidwe onse awiriwa amasonyeza zomwe zili, zogwirizana ndi zenizeni ndi kuganiza. Koma kulingalira kumapangitsa kumangika kwa zilankhulo za chilankhulo, momwe zimalankhulira pokhapokha pokhazikitsa malamulo a malingaliro ndi zolondola za kuganiza, mgwirizano ndi kutanthauzira kwa ziganizo. Pali mitundu iwiri ya malingaliro: cholinga ndi malingaliro.

Cholinga chimatanthauzira kulembera kalata za nkhaniyo za kugwirizana kwa zochitika ndi zinthu moona. Lingaliro lalingaliro limalongosola zokwanira pa zomangamanga za malingaliro ndi chitukuko chake changwiro. Mitundu iwiriyi ikulumikizana mosagwirizana. Ngakhale kuti akhoza kupatulidwa mwachangu, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'nthano, nthano, mabuku osokoneza bongo, kapena chifukwa cha zolakwa zomveka zomwe zingavomerezedwe mukuganiza.

Luso lofotokozera momveka bwino malingaliro anu sikutanthauza kungolankhula kolondola, komanso kusakhala kolakwika.

Malamulo oyambirira a malingaliro, omwe malingaliro onse aumunthu ali pansi pake, amawonetsedwa m'mawu onse ofankhulidwe. Malamulo amenewa ayenera kukhala ovomerezeka pamene akupereka chidziwitso mu sayansi, chifukwa chogogomezera mfundo ndi malingaliro apadera ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zomwe zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsira ntchito ndi kupanga zida zamagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a sayansi. M'zinenero zolembedwa, malamulo awa sali otero, ndipo nthawi zina amalephera mwadala kuti apange anthu ozama.

Zolakwitsa pamalankhula zingagwirizane ndi luso lachilankhulo cholephera kapena stylistics. Apanso, nthawi zina zimakhala zenizeni zenizeni.

Akatswiri a zilankhulo zamakono amasiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya zikhalidwe: kukakamiza (kukakamiza) ndi kubwezeretsanso, kutanthauza kuti sizitetezedwa.

Malamulo osayenerera ndi ovomerezeka, kuphwanya kwawo mwa chikhalidwe chakulankhulidwa sikuvomerezeka, makamaka malamulowa akugwiritsidwa ntchito ku galamala (kulondola kwa kugonana, kukhumudwa, kulakwa, kubadwa ndi zina zotere). Zizolowezi zimenezi zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri.

Zizoloŵezi zopanda malire zilibe malamulo oterowo ndipo zimalola zosiyana siyana kapena zosalowerera ndale. Pano, chiwerengerochi chimapezeka pamlingo woyenera wa kugwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo cha chinenero ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito kalembedwe kake.