Klebsiella pneumoniae - ndichiyani? Bakiteriya Klebsiella pneumoniae: Kufotokozera

Klebsiella pneumoniae - ndichiyani? Ndi ndi bakiteriya zomwe zingachititse kwambiri yotupa matenda a m'mapapo, m'mimba ndi machitidwe mkodzo. Zikatero amafunika chithandizo kusamala ndi chisamaliro mosamala zachipatala. Ndipo zinapangitsa matenda nosocomial ndi kugonjetsedwa mankhwala chifukwa ambiri a mitundu ya tizilomboto lapansi.

katundu kwachilengedwenso

Wamba n'zokayikitsa chimene chimaoneka Klebsiella pneumoniae, chimene icho chiri. Morphologically ndi yaing'ono n'kupuma ndodo sipangakhalenso ili onse singly ndi magulu. Izi ndi galamu alibe bakiteriya kuti, pamene papezeka hematoxylin-eosin, kumakhaladi pinki (akusonyeza pamaso pa makapisozi a).

Iye wakonda kawetedwe m'madera mwayi zochepa mpweya, koma pamaso pake, sasiya katundu chikhalidwe. Zasayansi, bakiteriya Klebsiella pneumoniae ikukula pa olimba ndi madzi TV michere, n'kupanga wokongola madera imvi woyera. Dzina limeneli ndi dzina la anatulukira - ndi dokotala wodziwa za vutoli Edwin Klebs.

mitundu ya Klebsiella

Microbiologists kwa nthawi yoyamba ya bakiteriya omwe afunsidwa mitundu isanu ya Klebsiella:

- Klebsiella pneumoniae (Friedlander Bacillus).
- Klebsiella oxytoca.
- Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis (Bacillus wa Frisch - Volkovich).
- Klebsiella ozaenae (Wand Abel - Lavenberga).
- Klebsiella terrigena.
- Klebsiella planticola.

Anthu, chifukwa ambiri a matenda oyamba awiri, koma ndi kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira, ndi mitundu ina kukhala tizilombo. Mu anthu athanzi m'matumbo ndi Klebsiella pneumoniae, mlingo wake sayenera upambana mabakiteriya 105 pa 1 galamu ya chyme. Komanso, tizilombo izi ndi zopezeka mu khungu ndi mucous nembanemba wa mtengo bronchial. Iwo amatha kukhala katundu wawo mankhwala chakudya mu madzi ndi nthaka kwa nthawi yaitali, kotero kuti matenda zinachitika.

magwero a matenda

Pakati pa anthu ambiri matenda anthroponotic akhoza zimachitika ndi Klebsiella pneumoniae. Ndi chiyani icho? Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwina akhoza kukhala gwero la matenda anthu odwala kapena onyamula toyambitsa zizindikiro. Mkati lake Klebsiella afika zauve ndi chakudya kapena manja akuda. Ngati matenda akuchita chidwi dongosolo bronchopulmonary, kufalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda adzatero m'malovu makamaka airborne (by kutsokomola ndi sneezing). anthu onse timakhala Klebsiella, koma ana aang'ono, achikulire ndi anthu ndi immunodeficiency mu gulu apamwamba pangozi, kuyambira kubalana ndi ziyenera microflora matumbo endogenously nkomwe ankalamulira.

Kamodzi mu thupi, bakiteriya umabala endotoxin amene anamasulidwa pokhapokha imfa ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chonyamulira. Izo zimayambitsa malungo, ndi kuledzera. Pali awiri zambiri exotoxin: enterotoxin ndi membranotoksin. Origin amakhudza yaing'ono intestine mucosa, ndipo chachiwiri zowononga zimakhudzanso erythrocytes, kuchititsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.

chibayo

Chibayo amayamba ndi, inu anaganiza izo, wa Klebsiella pneumoniae. Mbali khalidwe la mtundu wa kutupa ndi maonekedwe a kuchuluka kwa foci ka kutupa, amene akhoza kuphatikiza ndi mzake kudutsa pamwamba kuwala. Odwala malungo aakulu (kwa madigiri sate-naini), kufooka, ulesi, thukuta. Pa chiyambi cha matenda a chifuwa ndi youma, koma pakati pa kupeza yonyowa, ndi kusakanizikana kwa ntchofu ndi mafinya akhoza streaked ndi magazi. Yodziwika ndi kupuma movutikira ndipo Zikavuta - kulephera kupuma ndipo edema m'mapapo mwanga.

Kuzionetsetsa thupi, kumbali ya kutupa crackles lomveka ndi palpation - kufupikitsa phokoso percussion. Pa chifuwa radiograph ndi lateral ziyerekezo focal kuonekera mthunzi, amamuchititsa akaphatikiza.

Ngati nthendayo anapezeka mu nthawi ndipo perekani mankhwalawa zolondola, zikuoneka kwambiri kuti ndondomeko yotupa akhoza udzasokonezedwa pachiyambi penipeni, iye anali nthawi kufalitsa padziko lonse la mapapo. Koma pa nkhani ya mankhwala olakwika kapena mankhwala mochedwa mu chipatala, osalephera, wodwalayo adzayenera chithunzi cha sepsis (zowombetsa mkota kutupa), ndipo Zikatero mlingo Tsoka ndi mkulu.

Kugonjetsedwa kwa dongosolo m'mimba

matenda komanso chifukwa cha Klebsiella pneumoniae. Mwatsoka, izo ndi "masked" ndi matenda gastroenterological, zikhale zovuta oterewa ndi kuchitira. Wodwala accesses ndi gastroenterologist madandaulo a kupweteka kwa m'mimba ndi m'michombo, kutentha, nseru, utachepa kudya, koma EGD (fibrogastroduodenoscopy) chimasonyeza yachibadwa kapena pang'ono chofuna chapamimba mucosa. Iwo sangakhoze kukhudza mmwamba dokotala pa lingaliro la Klebsiella. M'malomwake, iye anaika gastritis ndi mankhwala chithandizo choyenera.

Koma koposa zonse Klebsiella kumaonekera thirakiti m'mimba (thirakiti m'mimba) monga enteritis kapena enterocolitis. Wodwala amapita ku matenda kuchipatala kudandaula malungo, kufooka, nseru, cramping m'mimba ndi chopondapo kuphwanya (profuse m'mimba ndi magazi ndi ntchofu odorous). Izi zingathe kwa masiku awiri kapena asanu.

Matenda a dongosolo genitourinary

Nthawi zambiri Klebsiella pneumoniae mu dongosolo urogenital kumaonekera mwa mawonekedwe a pyelonephritis, cystitis ndi prostatitis. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa choipa, odwala amadandaula kuwawa mu dera lumbar, vuto kukodza ndipo erectile ntchito.

Ngati chitetezo cha m'thupi akugwira ntchito bwino, matenda ndi pachimake, ndi mankhwalawa munthu akuchira kwathunthu. Koma mu nkhani wotsika chitetezo cha m'thupi (okalamba kapena ana, immunodeficiency), matenda amachita zinthu aakulu kapena kobwereza.

zosokonezeka

Pa klebsiellezov aakulu si lilibe mavuto amenewa:

- edema m'mapapo mwanga;
- ITSH (poizoni mantha);
- hemorrhagic matenda;
- kutupa kwa ubongo.

akayakaya Mavutowa, omwe amakhala mnzake. Ndipo ngati iwo amaphatikizidwa, Mwina imfa kumawonjezera. Pambuyo matenda yapita wodwalayo anapanga yeniyeni chitetezo chokwanira chosakhalitsa, ndiko parlance wamba, patapita kanthawi, munthu akhoza kudwala kachiwiri.

Zochita za matendawa ana ndi amayi apakati

Klebsiella pneumoniae pa mimba - chodabwitsa si kawirikawiri. thupi akukumana ndi katundu awiri, yafupika chitetezo chokwanira, ndi azidwala ukuwonjezeka ziyenera microflora. Popeza malo wosakhwima, kutenga kapena kutenga mankhwala, dokotala mukuganiza. Zidalira pa kutalika gestation, ndi mulingo Klebsiella pneumoniae mu chopaka kwa mundawo maliseche ndi mlingo wa maselo oyera. mlingo nazonso kusintha payekha. Palibe sayenera ankachitira kunyumba.

zinthu zambiri pamene funso pakati si dokotala, ndipo anzake pa bakiteriya Klebsiella pneumoniae. Kodi icho, ndipo iye sangathe kulingalira. Ndiyeno zolakwa mankhwala ndi mosalephera, mopitirira, zikhoza kuwononga mwana.

Chifukwa cha wofooka makanda chitetezo chokwanira ndi ana aang'ono kaŵirikaŵiri amadwala microflora osiyanasiyana. Klebsiella pneumoniae makanda amachititsa kuledzera kwambiri, ndi generalization kutupa ndi sepsis. Nthawi zambiri ndi dysbiosis ndi zizindikiro lililonse (belching, kukana bere, kuwonda ndi kuphwanya mpando).

diagnostics

Kukomoka oterewa chimene chinayambitsa matenda anali Klebsiella pneumoniae, ndi kovuta, ngati palibe zizindikiro zapadera zimene zimaloza ku izo. Choncho, matenda ndi syndromic kenako anatsimikizira bacteriologically. Pamene magazi nkhani yabwino, mkodzo, sputum, madzimadzi cerebrospinal, ya ndulu ndi chuma yachigawo.

Klebsiella pneumoniae mu mkodzo ndi wapezeka ndi chikhalidwe kapena Kupenda tosaoneka. Nkhani ali yokutidwa pa sing'anga michere kapena n'kundigwera galasi Wopanda ndi kufufuza simungathe kutiona.

The njira yomweyo angapezeke mu ndowe za Klebsiella pneumoniae, koma zochepa chabe pamalangizo nkhaniyo ili yosiyana. Pakuti zinthu Mkhalidwe kafukufuku adzaperekedwa kwa zasayansi mwa theka la ola pambuyo mpanda.

Patapita masabata awiri kuchokera isanayambike matenda, mukhoza kutumiza magazi serology. Kumatithandiza amanena popereka ndondomeko ndi chitetezo cha m'thupi.

chithandizo

Njira za chithandizo dokotala amamsankhira iliyonse yeniyeni. Izi zimadalira mawonekedwe a matenda, ukulu wake ndi makhalidwe a wodwalayo. Nthawi zambiri, odwala kulandira outpatient chithandizo.

Atasankhidwa bacteriophages yeniyeni. Iwo ayenera kumwedwa katatu pa tsiku pamaso chakudya. N'zothekanso chimake m'kamwa utsogoleli wa mankhwala mu thupi mwa mankhwala. The njira ya mankhwala osiyanasiyana monga masiku asanu kapena khumi. Siteji yotsatira probiotics zifunika kubwezeretsa yachibadwa zomera matumbo. Iwo ayenera kumwa masiku osachepera khumi, ndipo makamaka masabata awiri kapena atatu.

Wa mankhwalawa ndi cephalosporins anasankhidwa ndi fluoroquinolones ndi mbadwo wachitatu ndi wachinai, aminoglycosides ndi tetracyclines.

Mu chipatala, odwala kuchipatala kuti adziwe izi: ndi aggravation zizindikiro, malungo, septicemia. Kwenikweni kukhala symptomatic ndi pathogenetic mankhwala kuthetsa zizindikiro za matenda ndi kuti magawowa alili.

Nonspecific prophylaxis kwa klebsiellezov si wonyamulidwa, ngati palibe katemera. Choncho, onse zidzafika ku maphunziro a za umoyo wa ana ndi akulu, ndi kuwuma kwa yake ndi ogwira chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana.