Kasamalidwe zipangizo njira. Analysis 5 mphamvu Porter Chitsanzo:

Pakuti bizinezi ayenera kuganizira zifukwa zambiri zomwe nthawi zambiri kuthawa chidwi cha anthu amalonda. Komabe, ngati inu mutayang'ana kwambiri ndi kuphunzira zachuma, mudzaphunzira zambiri za njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe kulola efficiently ndi bwino kupenda ntchito ndalama. Imodzi mwa chitsanzo chidwi kwambiri ndi kusanthula mphamvu Porter 5, chitsanzo cha zomwe lafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ino. Koma pamwamba pa zonsezi, muyenela kuzindikira chimene icho chiri, chimene lolunjika ndi zomwe zingathandize inu kukwaniritsa. Mungathe kukhala kuti mukudziwa amafuna chida monga mphamvu zisanu kusanthula Porter a. Zitsanzo mu malemba kuti adzakhala kutsimikizira bwino.

Ndi chiyani icho?

chitsanzo ichi limafotokonzera 1979 ndi wotchuka wa zachuma Michael Porter. Iye anachita zimenezi kuti alenge chitsanzo wathunthu, amene adzalola makampani yosanthula zokolola zawo ndi mpikisano, ndi zina akadali ndi kukhala mitengo izi pa mlingo mkulu. Patapita zaka pafupifupi zaka makumi anai, inu mukhoza kuwona momwe bwino kusanthula 5 mphamvu Porter a.

Zitsanzo za ntchito m'moyo yosiyanasiyana. Kupenda zinthu ntchito ndi mafakitale, ndi malo odyera, mabanki ndi mabizinesi ena amene ali pa mpikisano mu msika. Choncho, ngati mukufuna ntchito yanu bwino, muyenera kuganizira mmene kuphunzira chitsanzo ichi. Ndipo nkhani imeneyi kudzakuthandizani kuthana ndi chakuti ndi kusanthula 5 mphamvu Porter a. Zitsanzo za ntchito yake nawonso kuperekedwa kwa tcheru chanu. Theka lachiwiri la Nkhani ndi odzipereka chitsanzo limodzi lalikulu la masitepe.

Kufotokozera za chitsanzo

Pamene Maykl Porter analenga lachitsanzo, iye ananena kuti msika pali asanu magulu osiyana, omwe ndiyo mpikisano wa mankhwala :

• mphamvu kunenerera ogula, iwo ali gawo makamaka;
• mphamvu kunenerera wa sapulaya, kumene kumakhudza mwa kundipatsako kwa zipangizo mabizinezi;
• Nkhondoyo ndi Mamembala atsopano angathe kuwonjezeka mpikisano;
• chiopsezo mankhwala mmalo omwe chiŵerengero yabwino ya mtengo ndi khalidwe;
• mlingo wa mpikisano mu msika osankhidwa.

Izi Porter 5 mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo Analysis adzakhala kutchulidwa ndime yachiwiri, bola ngati n'kofunika kuganizira mwachindunji kuganizira aliyense wa mphamvu. Koyamba zingaoneke kuti palibe kusanthula pamodzi mizere sizingakhoze kuchitidwa, koma kwenikweni chifukwa mwina mungadabwe. Ndi njira imeneyi mudzatha kudziwa ntchito za bizinesi komanso mpikisano wa zopangidwa pa msika, kupitiliza kusintha zina kuti amakulolani kusintha zina mwa zizindikiro mu yaitali. Kotero, ife tsopano tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane 5 mphamvu Porter, chitsanzo cha kusanthula lidzayeretsedwa anapereka mwatsatanetsatane, ndi chifukwa kuti mudziwe zonse muyenera za njira izi.

Pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo

Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito kusanthula zenizeni dziko 5 mphamvu Porter wa? Chitsanzo: "kanyumba" - pa Russian zopezera m'masitolo. Cholinga cha zimenezi ndi kudziwa mpikisano mu gawo makamaka msika, kotero inu mukhoza kuwerengera kuti mfundo ndi kukhazikitsa katundu, padzakhala kuti khama anayesetsa kukwaniritsa chimene mukufuna, ndi zina zotero.

Choncho, chitsanzo ichi ntchito amasiku ano kutulutsa zambiri mpikisano kusanthula mankhwala kampani wanu, komanso msika anasankha. Tsopano inu mukhoza kukhala bwino ndi chidaliro kuti pakufunika ntchito njira 5 mphamvu Porter a. Chitsanzo cha kusanthula banki kapena kampani ina otsimikiza penepi, koma tsopano muyenera kuganizira kuona aliyense mphamvu payekha.

Mamembala atsopano Nkhondoyo

Analysis a magulu 5 Porter pa chitsanzo cha podyera angakhale mwatsatanetsatane kusonyeza kuti ndi mphamvu choyamba, mwachitsanzo Nkhondoyo ndi Mamembala atsopano. Choncho, pali ena msika, pamene pali kale makampani alipo ndi katundu wawo. Mamembala atsopano kuwonjezera mpikisano, ndiye, ngati cafe latsopano odyera wako kuonekera pa msika mukhoza kuyamba kuyenda ochepa makasitomala. Kodi mlingo kuopseza? Pali Porter limatchula zifukwa zingapo zimene zimakhudza kulowa chotchinga. Ngati ndi mkulu, ndiye kuopseza adzakhala m'munsi, chifukwa aliyense akufuna kuthetsa.

zinthu zimenezi? Choyamba, chuma lonse. Ngati buku la msika waukulu, mtengo wa wagawo adzakhala otsika, choncho Mamembala atsopano kudzakhala kovuta kukwaniritsa ROI positive. Kachiwiri, ndi zosiyanasiyana za mankhwala - kwambiri msika wa mankhwala misonkhano wogwila, zovuta kwambiri chipani latsopano adzalimbirana. Chachitatu, ndicho kufunika koti likulu - apamwamba koyamba ndalama pakhomo, ndi zokayikitsa kuti osewera atsopano adzalowa msika. Komanso Dziwani ndi kutalika kwa ndalama, kupeza njira yogawa ndi mfundo za boma poyerekezera ndi kupanga msika makamaka. Kumene, zinthu suthera - pali kumuopseza zina mwachindunji amadalira msika malonda ndi zinthu masiku ano.

Mphamvu kunenerera ogula

Ngati ife kulankhula za mphamvu chachiwiri, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti ndi bwino kusankha msika kumene wogula ali ndi mphamvu wotsikitsitsa ndi chikoka ndi zofooka. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa chake n'chakuti makasitomala ndi ogula katundu ndi misonkhano yanu, choncho ndi chifukwa iwo ndipo pali msika. makasitomala otchuka ndi mphamvu yayikulu akhoza chimakhudza malonda anu, zofuna ndi apamwamba khalidwe, kupereka zofuna zawo ndi zina zotero. Kotero kuti ang'onoang'ono mlingo wa mphamvu wogula mu msika, ndi bwino kwa inu.

Pali zinthu zingapo kukula kwa mphamvu wogula: mwachitsanzo, kupanda wapadera katundu (wogula angathe kusankha, koma si mankhwala anu), mkulu kudziwa mtengo (wogula akapanda mankhwala anu, koma njira yotsika mtengo) ndi zina zotero.

Mphamvu kunenerera a ogulitsa

Mphamvu kunenerera a ogulitsa kukuonetsedwa si nthawi zonse pamene mphamvu ya ogula, koma zotsatira zake zingakhale zamphamvu kwambiri. Popeza kuti ogulitsa Ndipotu, ndi eni chuma chimene, akapanda ichi kampani sangathe ntchito. Ndipo akukuvutitsani, wosamalira kulandira milingo apamwamba kwambiri mphamvu - mwachitsanzo, pamene ali pa msika pali zambiri (kapena pamene msika ndi okhawo), pamene chuma ntchito yopanga ake, n'zochepa ndi ndalama kusinthitsa zipangizo zina yaiwisi adzatero wovulaza. Zikatero, ma sapulaya ndi mphamvu kwambiri kuposa masiku, ndipo iwo akhoza mwachindunji zimakhudza zinthu msika, ndipo nthawi yomweyo ndipo pa mpikisano.

Zikamera wa mankhwala wogwirizira

Mmalo - awa ndi mankhwala akhoza kupereka yopindulitsa njira kuti mankhwala anu. Pamaso pa apamwamba analogi phindu inu adzakhala n'zochepa kwambiri. Zimapanga loopsa kwambiri njira zina anthu kuti apereke dzi mtengo kwambiri chiŵerengero. Bola ngati ogula mukhoza kugula katundu khalidwe m'munsi zamalata kwambiri, izo siziri kugula wanu.

Komanso loopsa m'malo malonda zopangidwa odziwika bwino, amene kale zinatchuka chidwi misika ena, ndipo tsopano akukonzekera kuti tikwaniritse zotsatira chomwecho watsopano. Nkhondo mmalo zofunika mwa kulenga amphamvu zawo mtundu, kusintha mankhwala zosiyanasiyana, Kupha standardization ndi zina zotero.

mpikisano intersectoral

Ndipo, ndithudi, musaiwale kuti mpikisano mu msika ambiri anakhudzidwa ndi imapezekanso kumene ophunzira. Mlingo wa mpikisano mu msika adzakhala mkulu ngati pali ambiri ophunzira pafupifupi ndi buku ofanana kupanga, otsika zosiyanasiyana katundu, zotchinga mkulu kulowa kumsika ndi zina zotero. mpikisano kwambiri, ndithudi, amachepetsa profitability malonda, kotero muyenera kupereka ulemu wapadera kwa chinthu ichi.

Kufufuza mpikisano wa katundu ndi mlingo wa mpikisano

Chabwino, muwadziwa onse za mphamvu zimene zikufotokozedwa mu 1979 ndi Maykl Porter, tsopano mukhoza modekha yosanthula magulu 5 Porter pa cafe Mwachitsanzo, odyera, shopu kapena bungwe lina lirilonse. Koma kuti kuwonjezera dzuwa la kuwunika, muyenera standardize izo. Izi ndi zimene timaphunzira zina.

Tsopano mfundo adzakhala anafotokoza chitsanzo cha kuwunika, anawagawa magawo anayi. Choyamba ndi ziyenera a mpikisano wa mankhwala anu ndi mlingo wa mpikisano mu msika makamaka. Mu stepi ino, muyenera kuonanso mankhwala mmalo pano pa msika, kuwapatsa pa kalasi yomweyo kuchokera wina atatu komwe - ndi kupanda mmalo, awiri - ndi kukhalapo mu gawo otsika a msika, koma atatu - ndi pamaso pa mkulu pamsika. Ngati inu mufika ina, mlingo kuopseza ndi otsika, ngati awiri - pafupifupi, ndipo ngati atatu - mkulu.

Mfundo ina - ndi kusanthula kwapakati pa-makampani mpikisano, ndi mbali imodzi yofunika kwambiri ya 5 mphamvu Porter a.

CHITSANZO sitolo kusanthula ingaoneke monga. Pali zinthu zinayi: chiwerengero cha ophunzira mu msika, ndi kukula kugunda msika, mlingo wa mankhwala zosiyanasiyana ndipo ukuwonjezeka malire mtengo. Mwachibadwa, aliyense wa zinthu izi sapeza muyezo wawo imene angapeze mfundo imodzi atatu. Ngati tikulankhula ndi sitolo wamba, msika machulukitsidwe msinkhu ndi mkulu (3 mfundo), komanso ndalama msika kukula (1 Mfundo), mankhwala a makampani ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mzake (1 Mfundo), ndi kuthekera ukuwonjezeka mtengo kokha kupezeka mwa mtengo ❖ kuyanika (2 mfundo). Chotsatira 7 mfundo kupereka mlingo pafupifupi kupikisana kwapakati pa za malonda.

Koma kulowa gulu latsopano mu msika, apa pali magawo ambiri: chuma lonse, mtundu wamphamvu, mankhwala zosiyanasiyana, komanso onse a muyezo anthu, omwe anafotokoza mu gawo ongolankhula. Ngati kulankhula za chitsanzo chapadera cha shopu kapena cafe, n'zotheka amaganiza kuti chuma lonse adzakhala ochepa gulu (2 mfundo), mankhwala zosiyanasiyana adzakhala ambiri, ndiponso kuti amafunitsitsa gulu kuchepetsa mitengo mkulu, kupatula oimira lalikulu. Onse a magawo adzakhala pa mlingo mkulu, ndiye, kupeza mfundo zitatu.

Chifukwa ndi mkulu mlingo wa kuopseza Mamembala atsopano. Tsopano, inu mukuona, ndi mtundu wanji wa dzanja, pali kuopseza chachikuru malonda anu.

Kafukufuku mphamvu msika wa ogula

Komabe, zinthu zitatu zokha, ndipo muyenera kuganizira zonse 5 mphamvu Porter a. Mwachitsanzo kusanthula mabanki adzalola kuti kuzindikira mmene mphamvu ya ogula. Apa, chifukwa cha adzalamulira pa mkulu, sing'anga kapena otsika Mwina imfa ya makasitomala. Pa gombe pafupifupi kwinakwake theka la ndalama amachokera makasitomala otchuka, pamene theka lina imagwera pa mpumulo (2 mfundo). Komanso, mfundo ziwiri analandira mu kufufuza propensity makasitomala kusinthana kwa mmalo, monga misonkhano anapereka gombe, mwina osiyana.

Komanso, ogula kuzindikira mwachangu mtengo, pamenepo padzakhala nthawi zonse kuyesa kusinthana kwa maganizo, ndilo yopindulitsa kwambiri. Komanso kasitomala kusakhutira akhoza ayesedwa pa mfundo ziwiri. Ndipo pamapeto likukhalira kuti Mwina kutaya makasitomala ndi mkulu.

Kafukufuku mphamvu msika ndi ogulitsa

Izi zimachokera kwa kusanthula pafupi wa mphamvu zisanu mpikisano wa Porter. Chitsanzo adzalankhula za mphamvu zatsopano zokhudza sapulaya. Apa Lounikira liyenera kupereka kwa ziwiri mfundo, osati atatu mfundo lonse. Analysis a magulu 5 Porter pa chitsanzo cha odyera ikusonyeza kuti ogulitsa malonda zonse zazikulu - osiyanasiyana options, palibe chiletso mu buku la zipangizo, ngati n'koyenera, kusinthana kwa ndalama wina bizinezi si kwambiri, monga gawo ili patsogolo kwambiri WOPEREKA kwambiri . Zotsatira zake n'zakuti amalonda pafupifupi ziribe mphamvu pa msika.

Polongosola mwachidule

Tinkaphunzira mwatsatanetsatane Porter 5 mphamvu. CHITSANZO ogwira kusanthula mwachidule malekezero. Muyenera kambiranani a magulu asanu kuti mudziwe ngati pali mkulu, sing'anga kapena otsika mtengo kwa gulu lako mu msika makamaka, ndiye anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane aliyense wa iwo ndi kuyamba mzere wa ntchito bwino, ngati zofunika.