Kapamba kaswili: Ntchito ndi matenda

The England waukulu mu thupi lathu - chiwindi ndi kapamba. Kaswili wa ziwalo yaikulu ya dongosolo m'mimba lili ndi chinthu chinanso chidwi. zopangitsa awa anapanga pa chitukuko cha mwana wosabadwayo mu mpanda wa duodenum ndi. Kenako pang'onopang'ono likukulira, makamaka kupitirira izo.

Achiwiri kukula England kwa m'mimba thirakiti ndi kapamba, thunthu, ntchito ndi matenda amene ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi. Ndi yokha kukula kwa chiwindi. kapamba lili ndi kuzungulira wa duodenum, mu kutsogolo kwake - m'munsi pamwamba pa mimba. Ndi pamalo abwino thupi ili, ndi nalo dzina lake.

Kapamba ali endocrine ndi ntchito exocrine. Last anachita acini yotulutsa michere m'mimba wapadera. Mtengo wapatali kwambiri wa michere awa amylolytic ndi lipolytic ndi trypsin. Iwo tochoka mu mawonekedwe wofooka ndi adamulowetsa acini bwinobwino okha M'mimbamo wa duodenum ndi. Pankhani ntchito endocrine, adzaupereka kwa tizilumba tina pancreatic (kapena Langerhans tizilumba tina).

Kapamba: kaswili

Anthu, thupi ili mphero-mphako. mutu wake unakhuthala ndi gawo pakati kwambiri kapena zochepa prismatic. mchira wake mwapang'ono. Inu mwina pafupifupi kulingalira kumene kapamba. Anatomy ndi Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa cha zimenezi, amafuna kulingalira zambiri.

Tili ndi chidwi chofuna thupi pa zapambuyo khoma m'mimba penapake pa mlingo wa 2 ndi 3 lumbar vertebrae. Kapamba elongated yopingasa malangizo kuti mchira wake umalandira ndulu, ndi mutu lili kuzungulira wa duodenum lapansi. Mutu mu anteroposterior malangizo penapake unakhuthala. Iwo ali mbedza woboola pakati mafuta, motsogoleredwa kunsi. Pamene mtembo wa kapamba, mu mawonekedwe ndi triangular prism. Peritoneum yokutidwa kutsogolo padziko zace moyang'anana kumbuyo padziko m'mimba wathu. Iwo ndi wosiyana yotsirizira ndi M'mimbamo yopapatiza ya zikwama wazolongedza. Kapamba (thunthu kudzakhala bwino kwa inu, ngati inu kuphunzira zithunzi anapereka m'nkhani) ndi pokhudzana ndi kumbuyo padziko England adrenal ndi m'mphepete kumtunda kwa impso kumanzere.

M'litali wamkulu ndi za 15-25 masentimita ndi makulidwe a -. About 2-8 masentimita akulemera kapamba ku 65 160 ga mu mkhalidwe watsopano, pamene chionekera cheza chofiirira imvi. Kubisa kapisozi ake woonda kwambiri.

Takambirana mu mau, kapangidwe ka kapamba. Matenda a izo, Komabe - ndithu mutu waukulu. Tikupereka inu apitirize kupeza funso limeneli.

Ducts ndi ziwiya lymphatic

A kuchuluka kwa ziwiya lymphatic ndi ducts excretory ali kapamba. thunthu lake ndi adzatenge ankadziwa iwo. Waukulu excretory ducts, amene amakhala awiri mwa munthu akuthamanga kuchokera mchira mutu wa kapamba, wodutsa nguli. njira Main pa njira yake kutenga nthambi zambiri kuti ikuchitika wa lobules chinsinsi. Iwo bwino kuima mu woyera ndi limakhala wa parenchyma pancreatic lomwe lili ndi imvi pinki mtundu. Pa confluence waukulu ductless duodenum awiri ake ukufika 3.2 mm. Mchira ndi thupi Amawapatsa angapo nthambi za mtsempha wamagazi ndi splenic.

kapamba kaswili zachulukazi ndi chizindikiro cha kukhalapo amalumikizana wandiweyani ziwiya lymphatic, amene yogwirizana ndi maukonde duodenum, ndulu ndi ya ndulu ducts. Lymph therefrom utuluke ndi kuchuluka kwa mfundo dera lymph, zimene zimapezeka m'mimba, chipata chiwindi, mesentery, ndulu ndi kumanzere adrenal England.

Tikukhulupirira kumvetsa thunthu topographic a kapamba.

innervation

Innervation chidwi kwa ife monga thupi la parasympathetic ndi wachifundo. Non-minofu wachifundo ulusi zimalowa icho mu plexus perivascular. Misempha kuti ali kapamba, plexus kupangidwa mu makulidwe a kutsogolo kwake ndi pamalo kumbuyo. ulusi mitsempha mkati, abwino ducts, ziwiya, Zilumba za Langerhans ndi acini.

Udindo wa zikhumbo mitsempha lamulo la zochitika secretory

Popeza zatsopano ikuchitika I. P. Pavlovym, izo anakhazikitsa chakuti kanthu secretory imakhudzanso zikhumbo parasympathetic. Mitsempha zikhumbo mbali yofunika kwambiri mu lamulo la zochitika secretory a kapamba. Ngati pali mkwiyo wa mitsempha vagus , kapena ngati munthu amagwiritsa ena parasimpatikotronnye pharmacological zinthu granules secretory kupasuka mofulumira ndi kuoneka kwa maselo acinar. Komabe, mu zinthu izi, madzi pancreatic wolemera zinthu organic ndi michere, choncho amaima mu ndalama m'malo zochepa.

More zovuta ndi limagwirira kanthu kwa zikhumbo za chifundo. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, ngati misempha splanchnic poyera akanthawi kuyabwa amapezeka chopinga wa katulutsidwe pancreatic. Komabe, pamene kuli ndithu kukondoweza yaitali anati zotsatira cha ku kukondoweza kwa mitsempha vagus. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti kudula mitsempha splanchnic ndi vagus kuti innervate limba chidwi kwa ife, samaletsa kulekana kwa madzi enzyme kulemera pancreatic. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti zikhumbo zawo osati Zimachititsa katulutsidwe a kapamba. Kugwiritsa zovuta neurohumoral limagwirira kufunika zimene ziri secretin lapansi. timadzi imeneyi amapangidwa ndi duodenum (a endometrium).

ntchito pancreatic

udindo wake mu kagayidwe ndi chimbudzi ndi mkulu. Zimalimbikitsa madzi pancreatic mu duodenum ndi. madzi ili lili michere monga lipase, trypsin, lactase, maltase, ndi ena. PALI njira m'mimba. Ntchito ina yofunika kwambiri kapamba - ulimi wa mahomoni (glucagon, lipokoina, insulin). Wobala glucagon ndi insulin aperekedwa mwachindunji mu m'magazi, thupi nthawi mafuta ndi zimam'patsa kuwombola mu thupi. mahomoni izi ufalikire. Insulin Sachita ndi glucagon zikutipatsa shuga. Kusintha mu mlingo wake kungayambitse matenda monga matenda a shuga.

kapamba

Pali zinthu zina zomwe ndi mopitirira muyeso moyo (kudya, kumwa mwauchidakwa) kungasokoneze thanzi la kapamba. Amathandiza kuti zikamera matenda monga kapamba. Ndi kutukusira kwa kapamba. Kapamba ingakhale yopweteka kwambiri kapena yokhalitsa.

pachimake kapamba

Zikuoneka mwadzidzidzi. Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu - ululu, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba, dyspepsia, kutopa, emaciation. Pamene pachimake kapamba ululu ali anamva zambiri mu kumanzere. Kusamva akhoza kuganiza khalidwe la "encircling" ululu. M'mawu ena, iwo akhoza kufalitsa kwa mbali lonse kumanzere, ndi kubwerera.

Ngati mwayamba a kapamba pachimake ayenera kuonana ndi dokotala, chifukwa matenda sikuti kudali palokha. Komanso, pangakhale mavuto aakulu. Pachimake kapamba ikukhudza kuwunika odwala, kumayambiriro mankhwala kukapanda kuleka wake kuti kuchepetsa ululu ndi kutupa.

kapamba aakulu

Iwo amakhala ndi aggravation ululu zochepa kwambiri. Komanso, kawirikawiri abwerezedwa nthawi (pambuyo uchidakwa kapena zolakwika chakudya). Matendawa sizikutanthauza kufunika opaleshoni mwadzidzidzi. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti si koyenera kuchitira. Mu kapamba aakulu, komanso pa wakuswa ina ya ntchito thupi chidwi kwa ife, kulephera kwa ndondomeko chimbudzi amapezeka. Izi zoipa zimakhudza umoyo wa chamoyo.

shuga

matenda ndi aakulu kuposa kapamba. Pakali pano, mwatsoka, mankhwala akadali sadziwa kuchiza izo. Shuga ndi chifukwa cha akusowa mu thupi la zoterezi timadzi zofunika, insulin. Chifukwa chosowa chake kagayidwe anawawidwa. Chamoyo popanda insulin sangathe metabolize shuga, ndilo gwero lalikulu la mphamvu. Chifukwa cha ichi, kumawonjezera mlingo magazi, ndipo zimakhala ndi yafupika. Shuga amafuna polojekiti zonse.

pomaliza

Nkofunika limba ndi kapamba. thunthu la munthu osati mwangozi m'gulu maphunziro kusukulu ya zamoyo. Aliyense wa ife ayenera kudziwa mmene matupi athu, mmene ziwalo osiyanasiyana ntchito. Pamene zizindikiro woyamba wa matenda ndi bwino kukaonana ndi dokotala. Pajatu kupewa nthawi zonse mosavuta kuposa kumuthandiza kwa nthawi yaitali.

Panopa matenda a chikhalidwe cha ziwalo zambiri, kuphatikizapo chidwi kwa ife, ntchito ultrasound. pancreatic thunthu Choncho ankaimira zimaonetsa pa zenera. Ultrasound za thupi - mmodzi wa angakwanitse ndi odalirika ciwiya cofufuzila kuchita ano matenda.