Kabichi "mphatso"; ndemanga, mafotokozedwe, makhalidwe, zithunzi

Kabichi kulima anthu chinkhoswe mu M'badwo Stone, lomwe zikutsimikiziridwa ndi zofukulidwa ku malo awo a magalimoto. Great kutchuka ndi chilengedwe kulemekeza masamba uyu anali woyamba mu Greece wakale, wochokera ku dera la Iberia wakale, ndipo kenako ku Roma.

Za kabichi andakatulo wakale analemba ndakatulo, ndi ophunzira Mfundo odzipereka a machiritso ake katundu. Za m'masiku a Kievan Lazaro kabichi ndi m'mabuku a m'zaka za m'ma 11, pamene izo tikulimbikitsidwa kukula ndi kudya.

Pakali pano, kabichi ndi wotchuka kwambiri mu chiwerengero cha mbewu ndi mowa masamba mu dziko.

kabichi mitundu

Kabichi ndi osiyana katundu wake:

• Oyambirira kucha, kupsa zimafunika masiku 30. Iwo ali ambiri "lotayirira" masamba ndi kusungidwa yaitali kwambiri.
• Sing'anga mitundu oyambirira okhwima mu masiku 75, oyenera saladi, kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
• Mid-kalasi okhwima mu masiku 85-130, oyenera saladi ndi pickling, ntchito mwamsanga. Kusungidwa kwa miyezi 5. Mwachitsanzo, kabichi ndi "mphatso", ndemanga imene zabwino kwambiri, umabala mkulu zokolola, ali ndi kukoma okoma ndi kwambiri mankhwala khalidwe. Cottagers kukula izo, osati ntchito zake, komanso zogulitsa.
• Mochedwa-kucha mitundu masiku 160-180 ndipo ali oyenera kusunga mwatsopano ndi kuzifutsa mawonekedwe onse.

Aliyense zosiyanasiyana ali ndi ubwino ndi waika yakeyake "wothandiza". Choncho, oyambirira yaitali oyenera saladi ndi moto, ndi Mid-monga cabbages "mphatso" (ndemanga "kabichi akatswiri" mutsimikizire izo), mwangwiro kusunga zinthu mu tchizi, ndi mawonekedwe kuzifutsa.

Malinga ndi kutalika yotentha akhoza kusankha bwino kalasi kabichi ndi kusangalatsa palokha ndipo pafupi ndi dumplings mikate zokoma.

The zosiyanasiyana ndi "mphatso"

Mmodzi wa mitundu anthu otchuka pakati truckers ndi kabichi "mphatso". Kufotokozera, ndemanga kuti chikondi pa iye si popanda maziko. zosiyanasiyana uyu ali ndi mkulu zokolola - mpaka 10 mg pa 1 mita ^2. Komanso, kabichi lakonzedwa kuti agwirizane mwachindunji mu nthaka lotseguka, kotero mokwanira kugonjetsedwa zinthu zakunja makamaka kusintha kutentha.

Pakuti pakati-kabichi zofunika kutentha wabwino kutengerapo, chifukwa mitundu awa agwere mu chirimwe ndi autumn yokolola, pamene kutentha ndi mkulu mokwanira. Kukolola cabbages ndi kulemera avareji makilogalamu 3, wandiweyani chonse kapena mawonekedwe mosabisa, ndi bwino analekerera kayendedwe pa mtunda wautali, lomwe zikutsimikiziridwa ndi ndemanga kabichi "mphatso". Ndiyamika malonda wabwino ndi mkulu zokolola izo wakula osati kwa wamaluwa ankachita masewera, komanso makampani ulimi.

China zothandiza, makamaka yosungirako yaitali, kukana izi akulimbana. Poganizira zonsezi pamwambapa, kale na "mphatso" (ndemanga ali olondola) ndi mlendo otchuka m'madera wakunja kwatawuni ndi pa maalumali masitolo ndi masamba. zosiyanasiyana Ichi ndi odziwika Hostess, amene mukufuna kuchita sauerkraut chokoma.

kukula mbande

Kuti kabichi "mphatso" (ndemanga wamaluwa mpofunikila) anapereka kukolola, mbande ayenera anabzala kunyumba kale m'masiku oyambirira a April.

mbande kupeza wathanzi ndi wangwiro muyenera kukonzekera nthaka chisakanizo cha 20% ya manyowa, zimene 75% peat, 5% mtsinje mchenga. Chabwino-wosanganiza misa m'pofunika kudzaza mu chidebe kubzala ndi masiku pang'ono kubzala kuthirira mankhwala antifungal.

nthaka ayenera kupanga maenje akuya masentimita 1-1.5 pa mtunda wa 3 cm Chrixitu. Zamitengo mbewu ndi nthaka kuwaza. Muli ndi seeding amafuna kwambiri kuwala ndi kutentha, kotero malo abwino kwa iwo adzakhala zenera sill pa dzuwa mbali.

Kutentha akadakwanitsira mbewu zikamera madigiri +18, koma pambuyo zikumera adzaoneka, beseni ayenera anasamukira ku chipinda ndi kutentha osati kuposa madigiri 15. Ngati inu simutero, zinamera mwamsanga kupita uko kudzakhala ofooka.

Chifukwa chomasuka ntchito, mungathe kufesa mbewu pomwepo zidutswa 2-3 zigawo kupatukana kapena makapu, ndipo pamene kukula woonda ndi kusunga kwambiri. Izi kuteteza mbewu kuchokera zokumbira owonjezera.

Mu nyengo mitambo, zanthete amafuna kuyatsa, amene angathe kukhala zabwinobwino tsiku kuwala. Ngati mungathe kupirira tsiku mbande pa khonde kapena pabwalo, ndi bwino kuchita izo, chifukwa zathandiza ndi mphamvu ndi kusiyana kutentha.

Atatsala pang'ono Thirani mu zikumera pansi lotseguka "Apereke" (mwawathila wamaluwa mavoti titsimikizire kuti) ayenera kukumana ndi oipa, omwe akhoza kupanga izo mbande mu mlengalenga pa kutentha madigiri 8, ndi usiku chivundikiro filimu. njirayi adzapanga mbewu wamphamvu ndi kukolola mkulu.

Kusankha malo kubzala

Mid-kabichi anabzala mu nthaka yotseguka mochedwa May, koma ayenera kukonza njira ndi kusankha malo kutsogolo kwa izo.

Ngati nyengo amalola, ndi mu April anakhazikitsa nyengo khola ofunda, mbewu zingafesedwe mwachindunji mu nthaka kubala. Choyamba kukonza zitalizitali ndi tepi mbewu anaponyedwa maenje ka zidutswa 2-3, zitani monga iwo kukula. Kusanakhale mbande amphamvu, dziko ndi kubzala ayenera kuphimba filimu usiku.

Ngati kabichi ndi "mphatso" (chizindikiro ndemanga za izo kunena za ufulu) anabzala mbewu pansi lotseguka, ayenera Pre-kukonzekera malo ndi nthaka.

malo ayenera kukhala dzuwa, kutali mitengo, mipanda ndi chirichonse chimene chingakhoze kumupatsa mthunzi. Ngati malo zakonzedwa ndi kabichi kugwa, ndiye izo ziyenera kukhala kukumba, kupanga chisanadze 4-5 makilogalamu a manyowa kapena makilogalamu 2.5-3 wa humus.

Feteleza ntchito kaŵiri. M'dzinja anadzetsa feteleza nthaka phosphorous-potaziyamu, ndi kasupe ndi anazitsanulira mwa zitsime za asafe basi asanadzalemo mbande.

Kudzala kabichi mu nthaka lotseguka

Kubzala kabichi ayenera ikuchitika pansi chiwembu kuti: 40x60 cm - mtunda pakati mphukira, ndi 50-70 cm - pakati pa mizere. Pamene nyongolosi anabzala, nthaka pamafunika madzi ndi tikaumbike mozungulira una. Best nthawi kubzala - nyengo mitambo kapena pambuyo mvula, koma n'zotheka kuchita mpheto ndi madzulo, nthawi zonse yokutidwa ndi mphukira filimu.

Pofuna kuwononga mbande muzu ayenera kuchotsedwa muli mosamala, makamaka ndi kumugenda a dziko lapansi. Pofuna kulimbikitsa msana, akhoza choviikidwa mu chisakanizo cha pansi ndi mullein mwachindunji asanadzalemo mu zitsime.

Feteleza ndi kusamalira kabichi

zinthu zofunika mkulu zokolola kabichi "mphatso" ndi kuthirira ndi feteleza. M'chaka youma iyenera madzi 1-2 nthawi sabata kwa malita 1.5-2 madzi pambuyo Sankhapo, ndi malita 3-4 nthawi mapangidwe mutu ndi kukula.

Komanso, kabichi ndi "Apereke" (ndemanga wamaluwa ndi zonse ankakumbutsidwa za izo) amafuna zonse hilling nthaka. Woyamba ayenera kuchitidwa masabata 2-3 pambuyo pricking mbande, pamene aumbike mwa avareji masamba 8-10. Kenako hilling anachita milungu 2-3 itatha yoyamba.

Kudyetsa - mbali yachiwiri ya mkulu zokolola. Ndi zofunika kuti zizichitidwa imodzi ndi ulimi wothirira, komanso pambuyo mvula yaitali, omwe kusamba kunja zakudya dothi.

feteleza mode ali magawo atatu:

• Pamwamba woyamba kuvala kwa mtundu "mphatso" ayenera ikuchitika pambuyo masabata 1.5-2 pambuyo Sankhapo mu nthaka lotseguka. Izo zikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi kapena manyowa, urea (15 g pa ndowa).
• Chotsatira ikuchitika feteleza masabata 3 itatha yoyamba ndipo wapangidwa sulphate potassium sulphate, ammonium, ndi superphosphate (30h25h25 g).
• A lachitatu pamwamba kuvala chofunika ngati kabichi anabzala m'nthaka zatha. Mu kapangidwe kake, ndi chimodzimodzi monga wachiwiri.

Azichita zinthu ngati yosavuta kabichi "mphatso" (ndemanga, zithunzi za anthu amene adayilimira, izo zikutsimikiziridwa) angamvetsere ndi amphamvu ndi waukulu Kocani.

Tizirombo ndi matenda

The tizirombo chachikulu ndi kabichi kabichi ntchentche, nsabwe ndi whitefly. Kuchokera kabichi ntchentche, inu angapulumutse zanthete, kuphimba iwo ndi maukonde. Kuopsyezera kutali agulugufe ndi kuteteza zikamera wa nsabwe, kabichi akhoza anabzala pafupi tomato kapena mabilinganya.

Komanso wabwino amapha tizirombo kupopera kabichi masamba "mphatso" adyo Tingafinye (300 ga pa malita 10 a madzi) ndi Kuwonjezera wa sopo grated (100 g). Iwo m'pofunika kuchita kupopera si pa kabichi, komanso pa oyandikana zikhalidwe ndi whitefly silimawonekerapo.

Ngati chiwembu cha kabichi ang'onoang'ono, n'zotheka kusonkhanitsa mbozi ndi dzanja.

Yosungirako kabichi "mphatso"

Kalasi "mphatso" pakati wamaluwa ankaona mwachidule kusungidwa okha miyezi 5. Koma ngakhale mu nthawi ino ziyenera kusungidwa bwino.

Pambuyo yokolola, masamba onse apansi mitu kabichi ayenera kuchotsedwa, ndi mitu okha bwinobwino podutsa mpweya ndi youma. Store kabichi tikulimbikitsidwa pa maalumali kapena mabokosi pa firiji la -1 kuti +1 digiri ndi chinyezi 90%. Ngati palibe maalumali, ndimasangalala ku Limbo, kotero kuti mutu mukhoza kukulunga nsomba mzere kapena twayini ndi popachika mu njira yakuti iwo musakhudze mzake.

Zothandiza zimatha kabichi

Kabichi "mphatso" ali okhutira mkulu wa vitamini C, choncho ntchito yopanga chakudya mwana. Komanso, muli mchere wa potaziyamu, phosphorous, calcium, sulfure, mapadi, lactose, ndi mavitamini A, B1, B6, C, K, P ndi vitamini U, amene ali ndi antiulcer kwenikweni.

Chinthu chofunika ndi chakuti kabichi lofotokozabe ake katundu onse opindulitsa ngakhale pambuyo yosungirako yaitali komanso thiransipoti.