Generalising zizindikiro: kubwerera pa chuma, likulu kwambiri, wapachaka kufunika avareji chuma atathana

chuma atathana (RP) - zochuluka mchitidwe chuma cha dziko. Mfundo imeneyi imafotokoza chuma chogwirika, amene analengedwa ndi reused ulimi, ndi phindu lomwe gawo kunditumiza ku zinthu chopangidwa ndi misonkhano, popanda kusintha zachilengedwe zake mawonekedwe.

chuma atathana mlandu zinalembedwa choncho mungathe kuwona mtengo awo oyambirira, thanzi ndi zomvetsa ndalama.

Mlandu chuma atathana anapanga kuchita mu mtundu ndi ndalama. Monetary kuwunika amalola nalo dongosolo, zikuchokera, chiwerengero mphamvu mtengo depreciation.

Indicators monga likulu kwambiri, kubwerera pa chuma, mzinda n'zotheka kuti awunike mtengo-mphamvu ya ntchito PF. Maziko mawerengedwe awo ndi wapachaka kufunika avareji chuma atathana

Kafukufuku khalidwe ndi chuma atathana kuchita:

- pa mtengo pachiyambi, wopangidwa mwa mtengo mtengo wa yobereka ndi unsembe wa chinthu chimene chili mu nthawi ya ntchito chuma ndi yoikidwiratu, kupatula mu milandu tsankho liquidation kapena kukhazikitsanso;

- pa mtengo m'malo, kuwalitsa ndalama wofunikila kupeza zinthu zofanana za chuma anakonza chilengedwe panopa msika;

- pa mtengo yotsalira, ndilo kusiyana pakati pa koyamba mtengo yonyamula ndi phindu depreciation.

Kupezeka kwa RP wonse, komanso payokha aliyense mitundu, anene kuchita masamu kuti tsiku kapena nthawi iliyonse ya nthawi. Mbali yoyamba, ndi makokedwe kanjedza, wachiwiri - otchedwa imeneyi, kuti ali pafupifupi kwa nyengo. Mphamvu za chuma ndi yoikidwiratu ndipo kupezeka yawo kuoneka pamwezi.

An chizindikiro zofunika chofunika mlandu ntchito makhalidwe a kumalo a ntchito, ndi wapachaka kufunika avareji chuma mapulani chilinganizo cha mawerengedwe ake

FSH = ku Pihahiroti + PVM * n1 / 12 - EF * n2 / 12,

kumene amatanthauza mtengo wa katundu atathana: PVM - kumene anayambitsa, EF - adapuma, ku Pihahiroti - chiyambi kwa chaka. Chikhazikitso n1 ndi n2 - chiwerengero cha miyezi ya ankalemekeza adalowa anapuma UF.

Ngati zinthu atathana chuma kutumidwa kapena anapuma pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana pa chaka, ambiri mtengo wa pachaka wa nyumba kuchita masamu padera nthawi iliyonse zochokera ntchito kwenikweni zotsatira zake ndiye anawonjezera.

Kuti awunike momwe bwino ntchito chuma atathana ndi generalizing zizindikiro, ndicho kubwerera pa chuma, likulu kwambiri, fondoosnaschennostyu etc.

Chuma chiŵerengero limasonyeza ndi malumikizanidwe pakati pa buku la linanena bungwe aakulu ndi phindu pachaka wa chuma mapulani mwachitsanzo zimene buku la linanena bungwe ndi ntchito pa unit wa chuma atathana likulu. ntchito More nchito ya kumalo a ntchito amakhala ndi mlingo wapamwamba kubwerera pa chuma.

Capital chiŵerengero ndi kwenikweni osiyanitsidwa wa zokolola likulu. Per unit wa linanena bungwe kapena usilikali, wapachaka kufunika avareji chuma atathana ntchito kuwunika ntchito PF.

Ndi kuchepa ku likulu chiŵerengero kuchuluka likulu zokolola, motero, amasonyeza kuti mphamvu ya chuma atathana kumawonjezera. Ukulu wa kubweranso pa chuma ndi likulu chiŵerengero zimakhudza kwambiri mzinda ntchito chiŵerengero - pachaka mtengo avareji chuma atathana zochokera Kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito pa chaka.

Kudziwa mawerengedwe zolondola zizindikiro ambiri a chuma atathana zofunika Ngopambana, zachuma ndi chuma kutenga njira zoyenera kusintha ogwira ntchito.