Galimoto LEDs m'gulu maukonde 220

Iwo wakhala wotchuka kwambiri kuunikira LED nyali. Chinthu ndi Kuphunzira ichi si wamphamvu yonse komanso zokwanira, komanso yosafuna. Kuwala emitting diodes - ndi michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi diode mu epoxy envelopu.

Poyamba anali ofooka kwambiri ndi yokwera mtengo. Koma pambuyo pa ulimi akhala anapereka yowala kwambiri woyera ndi buluu diodes. Ndi nthawi msika mtengo anagwa. Pa nthawi, pali LEDs a mtundu uliwonse, amene anali chifukwa iwo ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Zikuphatikizapo nkhani za zipinda zosiyanasiyana, kuunikira kusonyezedwa ndi signage, kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro msewu ndi maloboti mu kanyumba ndi nyali magalimoto, mafoni ndi zina zotero D..

mafotokozedwe

LEDs zimawononga mphamvu pang'ono, ndi chifukwa kuti Kuphunzira koteroko pang'onopang'ono m'malo kale alipo magwero kuwala. M'masitolo zapaderazi, inu mukhoza kugula zosiyanasiyana zinthu zochokera zinachititsa kuyatsa, kuyambira nyali ochiritsira ndi LED Mzere, liza mapanelo LED. Iwo onse ali ofanana ndi kugwirizana awo amafuna panopa 12 kapena 24 V.

Mosiyana ndi zina kuunika kuti ntchito Kutentha mchitidwe umagwiritsidwa ndi michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi Chip amene amapanga cheza kuwala mchikakamizo cha panopa.

Kuti timvetse dera la LEDs 220 m'gulu maukonde, mukufunika kunena kuti sadzatha kudya mwachindunji kwa maukonde. Choncho, ntchito ndi LEDs muyenera kutsatira ndondomeko yoyenera ya kugwirizana kwawo kwa maukonde mkulu-voteji.

The katundu magetsi a LEDs

Panopa-voteji makhalidwe a anatsogolera - ndi mzere ozizira. Ndiko kuti, ngati voteji zingawonjezere osachepera pang'ono, ndiye panopa zingawonjezere zikuchepa, imeneyi zikuphatikizapo ndi kutenthedwa wa anawatsogolera, kenako amatopa ndi. Popewa izi, m'pofunika monga mu resistor dera panopa Kuchepetsa.

Koma sibwino kuti asiye pazipita n'zosiyana voteji LED 20 V. Mu nkhani ya kugwirizana ndi polarity zitasintha maukonde iye Peak voteji a 315 volts, kuti nthawi 1,41 kuposa panopa. mfundo ndi yakuti maukonde panopa volts 220 AC, ndipo poyamba akupita mu njira imodzi n'kudzandisiyanso.

Pofuna kupewa panopa avundulidwe zosiyana za LED kugwirizana dera ayenera kukhala motere: a diode dera liti lidzasandulike pa. Iye sanali kuphonya voteji iwowo. Pa nkhani imeneyi izo ziyenera kukhala yomweyi.

Wina LED dera kusinthitsa maukonde 220 ndi kuika awiri LEDs odana yomweyi.

Koma mains magetsi ndi akuponya resistor, si njira yabwino. Chifukwa resistor adzakupatsani kuchokera mphamvu amphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, pamene ntchito 24 kOhm resistor, mphamvu madyaidya ndikuledzera pafupifupi 3 Watts. Pamene mndandanda mphamvu diode akutsikira ndi theka. N'zosiyana voteji pa diode ayenera kukhala wolingana 400 V. Pamene m'gulu LEDs awiri kauntala, mukhoza awiri dvuhvattnyh resistor. kukana awo ayenera kukhala kawiri monga zochepa. N'zotheka kuti Ngati munthu timibulu awiri a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Childs, mibulu imodzi wofiira, wobiriwira ena.

Ngati kumene resistor ndi 200 ohms, pamaso pa diode kuwateteza safunika kuyambira panopa m'kupita n'zosiyana ang'ono ndi sadzachititsa chiwonongeko cha galasi ndi. chiwembu Izi ndi kulolerana wa LEDs mu maukonde ali drawback chimodzi - yaing'ono getsi kuwala. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kuunikira m'nyumba lophimba.

Chifukwa chakuti panopa mu AC mains timatha kupewa ndalama zosafunika magetsi kwa Kutentha mpweya kudzera mwa Kuchepetsa resistor. Ndi ntchito kupirira capacitor. Ndipotu, angamachite ndi alternating panopa ndi si mkangano.

Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti condenser ndidzadutsa onse mains theka adzizungulira, kotero kuti iye anali wokhoza pochitika ndi alternating panopa. Ndipo popeza zinachititsa wokhala yekha mu njira imodzi, m'pofunika kuika diode ochiritsira (LED china zina) odana ndi kufanana LED. Kenako aphonya chachiwiri theka nthawi.

Pamene dera kusinthitsa maukonde LED 220 yoyendetsedwa kutali, ndi voteji pa capacitor ndi adzatsala. Nthawi zina ngakhale matalikidwe wodzala 315 V. linaopseza kuponya panopa. Popewa izi, muyenera kupereka kuwonjezera capacitor ndi kukwaniritsa resistor ali lalikulu zimangokhala, zomwe zinachitikira disconnection kwa maukonde yomweyo zimatulutsa capacitor. Kudzera resistor ili pa ntchito mwake, utuluke panopa pang'ono, musati kutenthetsa izo.

Pofuna kudziteteza pulsed nawuza panopa ndi lama fuyusi monga kukana resistor otsika. The capacitor ayenera kukhala chizolowezi, limene lakonzedwa kwa alternating dera panopa ndi osachepera 250 V, kapena 400 V.

Chiwembu mndandanda kugwirizana LED babu kuwala ikukhudza unsembe angapo a LEDs chikugwirizana mu mndandanda. Mwachitsanzo izi, chimodzi chokha kauntala diode.

Popeza voteji dontho la pano kudutsa resistor ndi zochepa, ku gwero mphamvu ayenera subtracted ku dontho okwana voteji kudutsa LEDs lapansi.

M'pofunika kukhazikitsa diode inaŵerengeredwa ofanana panopa kuti panopa likuyenderera mu LEDs, ndipo voteji n'zosiyana ayenera kukhala wolingana Uwerenge nkhawa pa LEDs lapansi. Ndi bwino ntchito ndi chiwerengero cha LEDs ndi kulumikiza iwo antiparallel.

Mu unyolo wina akhoza kukhala LEDs oposa khumi. Kuwerengetsa capacitor, ayenera subtracted kwa maukonde pachimake voteji 315 kuchuluka kwa dontho voteji wa LEDs. Chifukwa, ife tikupeza chiwerengero cha dontho la voteji kudutsa capacitor lapansi.

LED Zolakwa Kulumikiza

• Kulakwitsa koyamba - ndi pamene anatsogolera chikugwirizana popanda amasiya, mwachindunji gwero. Mu nkhani iyi, LED mwamsanga ndithu, chifukwa chosowa kulamulira kuchuluka kwa panopa.
• Zolakwa chachiwiri - kugwirizana kwa wamba LEDs resistor anakonza mu kufanana. Chifukwa chakuti pali magawo kusintha, kuwala LEDs kuyaka adzakhala osiyana. Komanso, Ngati munthu wa LEDs akulephera, kudzakhala ponso wachiwiri anatsogolera panopa, chifukwa chimene angathe kuwononga. Choncho, pamene resistor ndi ntchito, m'pofunika kugwirizana LEDs mu mndandanda. Zimenezi zimathandiza kusunga panopa chomwecho mu mawerengedwe a resistor ndi kuika anatsogolera voteji.
• Kulakwitsa lachitatu - ndi pamene LEDs, amene masamu pa panopa osiyana, monga mndandanda. Ichi ndi chifukwa mmodzi mwa iwo udzayaka otsika, kapena mosinthanitsa - kugwira ntchito kuti avale.
• Wachinayi kulakwitsa - ndi kugwiritsa ntchito resistor amene kukana ntchito ndi zoperewera. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, panopa likuyenderera mu anawatsogolera, zidzakhala waukulu kwambiri. Ena mwa mphamvu pa voteji okwera asanduke kutenthetsa, chifukwa mu kutenthedwa kwa galasi ndi kuchepetsa kwambiri ya moyo wake zothandiza. Chifukwa cha ichi - latisi zopindika. Ngati voteji kuwonjezeka, ndi tsa-n-kusintha heats, izo zidzapangitsa kuti kuchepa Mwachangu mkati kwadzidzidzi. Chifukwa cha kugwa kwa kuwala anatsogozedwa, ndi galasi adzakhala pansi chiwonongeko.
• Chachisanu zolakwa - LED kuti 220V, lomwe ndi losavuta kwambiri dera popanda n'zosiyana malire voteji. The pazipita kololeka n'zosiyana voteji kwa LEDs kwambiri - 2 V, ndi n'zosiyana voteji theka mkombero amadza pa dontho voteji, umene uli wofanana ndi mwa kundipatsako voteji pamene zokhoma kutsogoleredwa.
• Chifukwa chimodzi - ndi kugwiritsa ntchito resistor, amene mphamvu singakwane. Izi amakwiya amphamvu Kutentha resistor ndi ndondomeko ya kusungunuka kutchinjiriza, omwe amachita ndi Kulumikizana ake. Kenako akuyamba lidzawotchedwe utoto ndi mchikakamizo cha kutentha chiwonongeko chomwe chikubwera. Onse chifukwa chakuti resistor dissipates yekha luso lomwe linakonzedwa.

Chiwembu cha kulolerana wa kutsogolera wamphamvu

Kulumikiza mkulu-mphamvu LEDs kugwiritsa ntchito AC / DC-converters, imene khola linanena bungwe panopa. Izi zidzathandiza kuti aleke ntchito resistors kapena IC anatsogolera woyendetsa. Pa nthawi yomweyo tikhoza kulumikiza yosavuta LEDs, ndi ntchito wabwino dongosolo ndi kuchepetsa ndalama.

Tisanafike ku LEDs mains mphamvu, kuonetsetsa kudalilika chaubale kwa magetsi. Musati kulumikiza dongosolo kwa magetsi, amene ali pansi mavuto, mwinamwake izo zidzapangitsa kuti kulephera kwa LEDs lapansi.

5050. Kaperekedwe LEDs. Chiwembu cha kulolerana

Pakuti otsika mphamvu LEDs alinso LEDs ali pamwamba phiri (SMD). Nthawi zambiri, iwo ntchito pounikira mabatani foni kapena Mzere kukongoletsa LED.

LEDs 5050 (tipokorpusa kukula: 5 mm 5) - ndi michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi kuwala kochokera, amene mwachindunji voteji 1,8-3,4 V ndi mwachindunji mphamvu panopa aliyense galasi - 25 MA. Mbali LED SMD 5050 kwagona kuti kumanga awo imakhala ndi timibulu zitatu, moti ankatsogolera limatulutsa mitundu angapo. Iwo amatchedwa RGB-LEDs. Nyumba iwo unapangidwa pulasitiki kutentha zosagwira. Disolo chimaonekera kupezeka ndi losindikizidwa ndi epoxy.

Kwa LEDs 5050 ntchito ngati n'zotheka, iwo ayenera olumikizidwa kwa resistances mwadzina mu mndandanda. Pakuti kudalirika pazipita M'dera lililonse mu unyolo bwino kugwirizana ndi resistor osiyana.

Njira angayikire zikuthwanima LEDs

kung'anima A LED - kutsogolera, amene anapatsa Integrated zimachitika jenereta. Pafupipafupi asamamve ndi kuchokera 1.5 kuti 3 Hz.

Ngakhale kuti kung'anima LED yaying'ono ndithu, atakutidwa michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi Chip oscillator, ndi zinthu zina kwa iyo.

Koma mwamsangamsanga voteji anatsogozedwa, ndi chilengedwe chonse ndi zingasiyane. Mwachitsanzo, mkulu-Z ndi 14 volts, ndi otsika-voteji 1,8-5 volts.

Motero, khalidwe labwino zikuthwanima anatsogolera zingaphatikizepo, kuwonjezera kukula ndi kuwala ma siginalo yaing'ono chipangizo ndi yaying'ono, koma osiyanasiyana waukulu wa voteji kololeka. Komanso akhoza zimatulutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Mu mitundu ina ya zikuthwanima LEDs ali anaikapo za zitatu zosiyana LEDs achikuda amene ndi pafupipafupi osiyanasiyana kubuka.

Kuphethira LEDs komanso ndalama ndithu. chakuti dera amagetsi a anatsogolera anapangidwa kwa MOSFETs, potero zikuthwanima diode akhoza m'malo ndi limodzi zinchito unit. Chifukwa miyeso ka zikuthwanima LEDs kaŵirikaŵiri limagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo yaying'ono amene amafuna pang'ono nyukiliya zinthu.

Mu chithunzi, ndi ziphaliwali anatsogolera limasonyeza monga momwe bwinobwino, kupatulapo okha chakuti chowombelera si mzere molunjika ndi kumugwetsera. Choncho, akuimira anatsogolera kuphethira.

Kudzera choncho mandala zikuthwanima anatsogolera limasonyeza kuti imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri. Pali pa mtengo zoipa m'munsi cathode ndi kuwala emitting diode Chip, ndi anode osachiritsika ili jenereta Chip.

Olumikiza zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse chipangizo ntchito atatu waya jumpers golide. Kusiyanitsa kwa alipidwa zikuthwanima anatsogozedwa, otha kuona kuwala thupi mandala. Pali Tingaone awiri ofanana kukula gawo lapansi.

Pa gawo lapansi limodzi ndi crystalline kyubu kuwala emitter. Amakhala ndi osowa aloyi lapansi. Pofuna kuonjezera linanena bungwe kuwala ndi kuganizira komanso beamforming ntchito parabolic zotayidwa imaonetsa. imaonetsa Izi zikuthwanima kutsogozedwa ndi zing'onozing'ono kuposa masiku. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti theka lachiwiri chipolopolo ndi padded ndi IC.

Pakati pa awiriwa magawo ali analankhulana ndi awiri jumpers golide waya. Pankhani ya nyumba zikuthwanima anatsogozedwa, mwina kukhala ndi diffuser kapena matte mapulasitiki, kapena pulasitiki mandala.

Chifukwa chakuti emitter zikuthwanima anatsogolera si pa olamulira chosokonekera nyumba, pakuti ntchito chiwalitsiro yunifolomu m'pofunika ntchito monolithic akakufunsani mtundu CHIKWANGWANI.

Pamaso pa thupi mandala lingapezeke pa LEDs kuphethira kwa awiri lalikulu, lomwe ndi yopapatiza cheza chitsanzo.

Chifukwa mkulu-pafupipafupi oscillator limapangidwa jenereta zikuthwanima LED. ntchito yake ndi zonse, ndi pafupipafupi ndi pafupifupi 100 kHz.

Pamodzi ndi mkulu-pafupipafupi jenereta ndi zina operable zinthu wogawira maganizo. Izo, nawonso, amachita gulu la pafupipafupi mkulu 1.5-3 Hz. Chifukwa ntchito limodzi ndi jenereta mkulu-pafupipafupi ndi pafupipafupi wogawira kuti otsika-pafupipafupi oscillator kumafuna capacitor ndi mphamvu kwambiri nthawi kolowera dera.

Kupita mkulu-pafupipafupi 1-3 Hz amafuna dividers pa zinthu zomveka. Koma chokwanira cha iwo mosavuta ntchito kwa malo aang'ono wa Chip michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi. Pa michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi gawo lapansi, kuwonjezera pa wogawira ndi mbuye pafupipafupi jenereta, ndi diode kumatenda ndi kiyi amagetsi. A resistor Kuchepetsa ndi kuwonjezekeredwa mu LEDs zikuthwanima, amene masamu pa voteji wa volts 3 mpaka 12.

Low Voteji kung'anima LEDs

Koma otsika-voteji LED kuphethira, ndiye iwo alibe resistor Kuchepetsa. Pamene mphamvu polarity zitasintha chitetezo diode amafuna. Iwo anafunika kupewa kulephera linanena bungwe dera.

Ntchito ya LEDs mkulu-zikuthwanima unali wautali ndipo anapita bwino, kusowa voteji sayenera upambana 9 volts. Ngati kuwonjezeka voteji, ndi ziphaliwali LED mphamvu madyaidya ndikuledzera zingawonjezere Izi zidzapangitsa Kutentha kwa Chip michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi. Kenako, inatsogolera adzayamba zikuthwanima kudzitsitsa chifukwa Kutentha kwambiri.

Pamene muyenera fufuzani Kutukula wa zikuthwanima anatsogozedwa, kuti muchite izi bwinobwino, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito batire pa volts 4.5 ndi kulumikizana mu mndandanda ndi resistor LED 51 ohms. Mphamvu resistors ayenera kukhala osachepera 0,25 Watts.

ogwiritsa LEDs

Unsembe wa anatsogolera - nkhani zofunika kwambiri chifukwa yosavuta kuti mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi viability awo.

Popeza kutsogozedwa ndi Chip sindimakonda malo amodzi, ndi kutenthedwa, m'pofunika mbali solder mwamsanga, zosaposa masekondi asanu. Choncho ndikofunikira ntchito otsika mphamvu soldering chitsulo. nsonga kutentha sayenera upambana madigiri 260.

Pamene soldering ndi zina zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito forceps zachipatala. forceps LED clamped pafupi thupi, kotero kuti pamene soldering amalenga zina kutentha yogwilitsidwa Chip lapansi. Kwa miyendo LED si wosweka, iwo ayenera kupinda kwambiri. Iwo ayenera kukhala kufanana kwa wina ndi mzake.

Pofuna kupewa overloading dera kapena chipangizo kofunika kupereka lama fuyusi.

Galimoto zofewa chiyambi LEDs

Galimoto bwino osinthasintha LEDs kwa - otchuka pakati pa ena, chidwi galimoto eni amene akufuna nyimbo magalimoto awo. chiwembu Izi ntchito pounikira galimoto mkati. Koma izi si ntchito zake zokha. Izo ntchito m'madera ena.

Zambiri zofewa chiyambi dera LEDs ayenera zigwirizana transistor, ndi capacitor, resistors awiri ndi LEDs. Muyenera kukatenga ngati panopa-Kuchepetsa resistors, amene angathe kunyamula panopa 20 MA kudzera lililonse chingwe LED.

Galimoto bwino osinthasintha LEDs sadzakhala wathunthu popanda pamaso pa capacitor lapansi. Timatha ake kusonkhanitsa. The transistor akhale pnp-dongosolo. panopa A pa wokhometsa sayenera zosakwana 100 MA. Ngati chiwembu ndi zofewa chiyambi LEDs anasonkhana molondola, chitsanzo cha kuyatsa galimoto mkati 1 wachiwiri udzakhala zofewa chiyambi LEDs, ndipo pambuyo kutseka chitseko - shutdown yosalala.

Alternating pa LEDs. chiwembu

Mwa zina kuunikira ndi kutsogozedwa ndi alternately likhale lawo. Iye amatchedwa moto kuthamanga. Mozama chiwembu ngati mphamvu yoyenda yokha. Chifukwa chopanga ake ntchito lophimba ochiritsira kuti amapereka mphamvu alternately aliyense LEDs lapansi.

Taganizirani chipangizo wopangidwa tchipisi awiri ndi transistors khumi, amene pamodzi amapanga mbuye oscillator, ulamuliro ndi indexing yokha. Aka kauntala decimal ku linanena bungwe la mbuye oscillator zimachitika ndi kunditumiza ku unit kulamulira. Ndiye, voteji umagwiritsidwa m'munsi mwa transistor ndi kuwatsegula izo. The anode wa anatsogolera chikugwirizana ndi zabwino mphamvu zoyendetsera, chifukwa mu luminescence.

The zimachitika chachiwiri amapanga tawerenga wagawo ndi linanena bungwe lotsatira la kauntala, ndi yapita otsika voteji ndipo adatseka transistor, umene unatsogolera ikupita. Komanso, zonse zimachitika mu ndondomeko yomweyo.