Furmanov Dmitriy Andreevich: yonena ntchito

The filimu yotchuka yochokera m'buku lake, linatuluka zaka 8 Pambuyo pa imfa ya wolemba. Iye anapanga dzina la wolemba wotchuka, kenako anathandiza anatchula zake zosiyanasiyana anecdotes. Chapatali zaka zambiri, nthawi zambiri ali ankalankhula komanso nkhanza womenya kwa mwiniwake wa mzere Party, pochita backhand mu nkhondo, ndipo mu mabuku. Only tione adzaona mbali zina za umunthu Fuhrman labambo. Dmitri A. moyo waufupi, wosiyana tsoka la ambiri a m'nthawi yake bwino ndi kukhalapo kwa kudzozedwa ndi ofanana iwo kufunika zonse kusankha njira mu nyengo mwankhanza kusintha mbiri.

kuyambira

Iye anabadwa mu 1891 m'banja lalikulu, m'mudzi wa Sereda m'chigawo Kostroma. bambo ake adadza kwa Yaroslavl wamba, koma adali rusher wake. Pamene wotchedwa Dmitry zaka 6, banja lawo linasamukira ku Ivanovo-Voznesensk. Posachedwa siteshoni anatsegula nyumba za alendo wokwatibwa ndi atate wake - Andrey Semenovich Furmanov. Wotchedwa Dmitry Andreyevich ndiye anakumbukira kuti wazunguliridwa zachilengedwe ubwana monga whirlpool oledzera, omwe mosavuta kuphompho.

Nditamaliza maphunziro wotchedwa Dmitry tawuni sukulu mu 1903 bambo ake anam'tumiza ku sukulu malonda, ndi mu 1909-1912 iye ankakhala Kineshma, kumene iye anaphunzira ku sukulu. Kuyambira ubwana yoyambirira ali ndi chizolowezi, mwina kukhala chinthu chachikulu chomwe wolemba Fuhrman labambo. Dmitri A. moyo ankasunga tsikulo mwatsatanetsatane, pamene analemba zimene zinachitikira kuwerenga, anthu anakumana. Kenako, ndime kusankha kwa izo zinatuluka ndi kwambiri kutamandidwa otsutsa kwa chuma cha zinthu zolembalemba ndi mbiri yakale.

The zatsopano loyamba

The nyuzipepala "Ivanovo pepala" mu 1912, panali ndakatulo wodzipereka kwa mphunzitsi wa mabuku Kineshma sukulu. Zinali buku loyamba, limene lalembedwa mu "Furmanov." Wotchedwa Dmitry Andreyevich moyo wake analemba zambiri za ndakatulo, makamaka pa unyamata wake, koma sankaona yekha ndakatulo.

Pang'onopang'ono izo inapangidwa kuchokera Furmanova kufuna ntchito zolembalemba. Chikhumbo chinamuchititsa kuti akalandire Chilamulo mphamvu ya Moscow State University, kumene analembetsa 1912 pa History ndi Philology. Isanayambike wa First World nkhondo chinthu chimene anapanga nkhani ya maphunziro sekondale. Ayamba asilikali yonena Furmanov. Wotchedwa Dmitry Andreyevich kulembetsa chizindikiro mu sitima kuchipatala, ndipo mu 1915 iye afika kutsogolo.

ndale kukhalanso

Kukonda dziko lako romanticism Furmanova, monga ambiri ataona tanthauzo ndi chikhalidwe cha nkhondo amapereka njira mwala. Mosapita ndinawona mu zolemba, iwo adzala kuoneka pa masamba ake Furmanova ndakatulo. Wotchedwa Dmitry Andreyevich zimgwera premonition imene yatsala yojambula mu tsoka la dzikolo.

Pambuyo demobilization, iye akuona kuti Ivanovo-Voznesensk, kumene, monga m'dziko lonselo, kukwera chosintha mafunde. Pamene, mu February 1917, chikusesa kutali autocracy pamaso Furmanov ukapezeka kufunika kusankha pakati zosiyanasiyana mafunde ndale.

Njira Bolshevism

Choyamba, iye akuona kuti chiwerengero cha Socialist-boma, kenako amakhala kulinganiza wa maximalists gulu. Iye akukhulupirira kuti dziko latsopano akhoza kumangidwa kokha mwa kusinthika kwambiri kwambiri kuti kulola kugwiritsa ntchito miyeso chogonedwa monyengeleredwa ndi anthu omwe amamatira ku njira zakale za moyo. Pa nthawi yomweyo chinkhoswe mu Furmanov zonse ntchito za bungwe la ogwira ntchito akuluakulu.

The apotheosis malingaliro chosintha kwambiri chifukwa ndi zikamera wa mzinda gulu la n'ngopandukira, amene mtsogoleri amakhala Furmanov. Wotchedwa Dmitry Andreyevich, amene yonena adzapitiriza kugwirizana ndi Bolshevik Party, potsiriza anatsimikiza msonkhano ukatha, ndi mgwirizano wa Mikhail Frunze, kumatha anarchist wake Musanyengedwe lomaliza.

Mu 1919 iye anatumizidwa ndi detachment Frunze kutsogolo, kumene anaikidwa Commissioner wa Division 25.

Chapaev

Polemba wake ntchito wotchuka - "Chapaev", wolembedwa mu 1923, iye anagwiritsa ntchito zolemba chake, chimene iye sanaleke nthawi zonse wakhala Chapayev Division. bukuli ndi osiyana kwambiri wotchuka filimu kuwombera pa zolinga za iye mu 1934. Kuphatikiza nkhanza Kuzindikira wa nkhani ndi generalizations chikondi zili ndi luso chodabwitsa kwa wolemba wamng'ono, anayamikira owerenga ndi ambuye kwambiri mabuku. Gorky analemba kalata Furmanov m'maganizo a cholinga cha wolemba ndi chidaliro mu moyo wake.

Asilikali Furmanova tsoka kumuponya amadzibisa zosiyanasiyana za nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Chinyezimiro chake - Kunena nkhani amalembedwa ngati zochitika zazikulu za 20s Soviet mabuku. Buku "Kupanduka" (1925) laperekedwa kwa yimitsira cha kupanduka kulak ku Kazakhstan, buku "Team Red" (1921) limafotokoza wapadera mtsinje anaukira mu kumbuyo kwa asilikali woyera mu Kuban.

Commissioner imfa

Nkhondo itatha, wolemba wakhala mwakhama ntchito mabuku ndi chikhalidwe. Ntchito yake yaikulu, iye amakhulupirira nkhondo ndi mfundo yatsopano mabuku Soviet, ngakhale kuti amalandira kutsutsa nkhanza kwa sprains osiyanasiyana kuchokera RAPP - kucheza olemba ', akufotokoza kwambiri maganizo lamanzere phiko.

Iye akuyesera kuti apeze mitu latsopano ntchito zimene sizikugwirizana ndi zochitika za Civil nkhondo. Wake pambuyo nkhondo ntchito - essays "mwa nyanja" zino (1925), odzipatulira kwa ulendo kum'mwera kwa Russia, Gombe Caucasus ndi Crimea. Iye anali wofunika kwambiri ndi Gorky. Furmanov ntchito ya utolankhani zovuta, analemba critiques zolembalemba.

Pa masamba a tsikulo wa anasonkhanitsa zinthu kuti akupita kugwiritsa ntchito kulemba malemba latsopano. Koma zolinga zake sizinakwaniritsidwe oyambirira chotheka imfa. Chifukwa cha imfa lace meninjaitisi, ndi zilonda zapakhosi, umene sanali kulabadira.

Ambiri anakantha uthenga, amene anaonekera m'chaka cha 1926 manyuzipepala: March 15, patapita nthawi yochepa koma aakulu matenda zayamba pambuyo mavuto a fuluwenza, Dmitriy Andreevich Furmanov anafa Moscow. Nkhani amene anaonekera pambuyo nkhani iyi, anali odzaza ndi chisoni chochokera pansi pamtima za imfa oyambirira a wolemba. Kodi iye anakwanitsa kuchita, izo amapereka chiyembekezo kwa zikamera mabuku atsopano kwenikweni apamwamba.