Frigate "asilikali Grigorovich": photos, nyumba ndi afunika

Kuyambiranso panyanja mphamvu ya Russia amasangalala dziko lawo onse oona. Patapita zaka zambiri imene zombo analowa kuchepa, zitayamba wamakono wake, limodzi ndi kutumidwa mayunitsi latsopano kuti akwaniritsa zofunikira za m'ma latsopano. Mwa Iwo frigate a Project 11356 "asilikali Grigorovich," anapezerapo 14 March 2014.

ndi frigate Russian Kodi

Mu Soviet gulu Navy zombo za gulu ili, monga frigate, izo sizinali. Iwo anamanga yaikulu odana ndi sitima zapamadzi zombo (BOD) ndi wolondera (IC), amene tinapirira kuwawa waukulu kuonetsetsa inviolability mayiko a madzi USSR imakula. Popeza 1968, khoti ankhondo a polojekiti 1135, anamanga pa fakitale "Yantar" anayamba kufika mu utumiki zombo. A mndandanda wa zombo khumi, mwachizolowezi, unatchedwa pachikhalidwe chake choyamba, "Petrel". utumiki alonda ali anagwiritsanso "Norei" (Project 11351), anamanga zedi zikuluzikulu (39 zidutswa). Ena a iwo ali mu utumiki, koma nthawi ndi mafunde nkhanza, zida amamuchititsa kuvala ndi okalamba maganizo. Experience wabweza shipbuilders kukhala mitundu ankaona. Mu malo awo adzabwera zombo za ntchito yatsopano - 11356 kalasi "asilikali Grigorovich," unali wolingana ndi analandira navies ambiri a dziko maganizo "frigate" monga kusamutsidwa, ndi mphamvu nkhondo. Mwina kalasi adzakhala kuzoloŵera Russian apanyanja.

Polemekeza wina dzina lake ngalawayo ndi mndandanda wa

The "asilikali Grigorovich," mu zaka kudza sizidzatha frigates anayi ayikidwako, wodziwika ndi mayina a otchuka Russian admirals Essen, Makarov, Butakova ndi Istomin. atsogoleri panyanja, akudziwika makamaka kwa anthu chidwi mbiri ya Russia ndi asilikali ake. Onse a iwo akhala wotchuka pa chitetezo amunamuna wa Port Arthur pa Chirasha Japanese Nkhondo ya 1905-1907. Pankhaniyi, osachepera nzika wathu anzathu kudziwa kuti ndi Dzina chombo cha mndandanda mutu - ". Asilikali Grigorovich" ndi frigate Pakhoza kukhala choncho chifukwa yonena za States analemekeza asilikali si ndithu zogwirizana ndi ziphunzitso za mabodza Soviet za dziko lawo.

Kuyambira midshipman kuti asilikali

IK Grigorovich anabadwa mu 1853. Iye anabwera kwa bulu monga midshipman, ndi maphunziro a Naval Academy. Kudziŵa adapanga zimafika, chifukwa ichi, alonda twente-faifi anatumizidwa ku North America States mu gulu la akatswiri yakuti ngalawa anayi a kalasi "cruiser", analamula pa Philadelphia sitima. Patapita zaka zisanu, mu 1883, Grigorovich anakhala mtsogoleri woyamba wa wodzichepetsa "telltales" osati kubwera kuchokera ku doko gombe. Zinaoneka, ntchito chimachititsanso sali bwino, koma luso, khama ndi kung'ung'udza kapitawo mabwana anaona. Otsatidwa ndi Mabaibulo angapo, utumiki, anayamba kuvutika kwambiri, koma chidwi.

Asilikali a Choikidwiratu

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XIX, ali ngati attaché panyanja ku London, ndipo mu 1904 anapatsidwa udindo zatsopano malo mkulu wa panyanja m'munsi mwa Port Arthur, amene anafika pa mlatho "Tsarevich" armadillo. Pa kuzinga Japanese IK Grigorovich anadzionetsa ndi dzanja bwino, kukhala anatha kupereka chitetezo zonse zofunikira. Popeza 1911, wachiwiri kwa asilikali ali malo Minister ya mfumu Russian apanyanja. machenjerero ake aona chitukuko pambuyo 1917. Zonse Nkhondo Soviet Russia, magawo atatu a ofunkha, cruisers ndipo pafupifupi theka chinayandama nkhondo ndi Grigorovich anayamba mapulogalamu wamakono. Asilikali mwiniyo sanamvere Bolshevik boma, anakhalako zitasintha, Riviera French, kumene - patatha zaka zisanu za ukapolo - anamwalira mu 1930.

Final malo okhalamo a phulusa la ankalemekeza boma Russian ndi panyanja chithunzi adafikira mu 2005. Malinga ndi chifuniro cha womwalirayo, ndipo anaikidwa m'manda mu m'chipinda chotetezeka banja pa St. Nicholas manda a St. Petersburg.

maonekedwe ngalawa

Zinafika "asilikali Grigorovitch" madzi pa March 14, ndi ena amazengereza chifukwa cha nyengo. Mwambowu panafika ndi chidzukulutuvi Artyom Moskovchenko panyanja mkulu, ndi mdzukulu wake Olga Petrova, amene anagonjetsa ndi botolo chikhalidwe shampeni pa tsinde la. Choncho nthawi yoyamba anakumana ndi mafunde nyanja ngalawa "asilikali Grigorovich." Photos anagwira mphindi limeneli. Palibe kukayika kuti kuzindikira phindu panyanja mtsogoleri kutsogolo kwa dziko kunyumba kukhudzidwa ndi ana ake.

Malinga ndi abale, agogo ake anali mtsogoleri wa anasiyiratu, akanakhala kufufuzidwa zonse, kuyambira tsinde ndi kumbuyo musanapange frigate. Grigorovich, zikuoneka, ine ndikanakhala nazo chifukwa cha kuyenderako. m'chombomo kuti kutchuka. Popeza analandira makhalidwe abwino a ntchito yapita, ino galimoto Mipikisano cholinga anagula katundu watsopano khalidwe la zitsanzo zambiri zamakono zida m'madzi. contours ake m'madzi kupereka navigability kwambiri, ndi nyumba ndi superstructure pogwiritsa ntchito luso aone otsika. Zipangizo complies ndi luso lamakono kwambiri ndi zamagetsi. Izo zikuwoneka frigate "asilikali Grigorovich," chidwi ano ndi zazikulu.

Cholinga cha sitimayo

Aliyense warship anamanga ndi cholinga, kugwira ntchito kwenikweni. Mtundu wa chida wosiyana zina zambiri mtengo kwambiri ndipo unit palokha, ndipo ntchito zake wotsatira.

Frigate Project 11356 "asilikali Grigorovich," pofuna kuthana ntchito ku Mediterranean, ndi malo a kwawo kuchokera pachiyambi anakonza mzinda wa ulemerero Russian - Sevastopol. Black Sea zombo thandizo la zombo ano, kulalikira mwakhama NATO m'chigawo inafunika ayankhe. Komabe, kuima-yekha mtunda (zikwi zisanu kuyendetsa sitima zapamadzi mailosi) amalola ndi kupita tsidya lija la limasonyeza zone kulondera Mwachitsanzo, kulimbana ndi achifwamba, komanso ngati nthawi zina zapadera. Ntchito zimene angathetse frigate "asilikali Grigorovich," yosiyanasiyana. Iye amatha tilimbane ndi oponya, mpweya ndi chida cholimbana, amatha kubweza zimene ankhanza. Zida pa bolodi, zokwanira kugunda aliyense chandamale m'madzi kapena pamwamba madzi, kuphatikizapo ndege onyamula tonnage zombo.

zida zovuta

Waukulu sitimayo zida - launchers "likungosonyeza-NK" miyala zimafika "onekisi" (3M-54TE). Atatu a iwo, izi ndi kachitidwe kwambiri kuti amatha kugunda chinthu chilichonse pa nyanja ndi pa dziko. Mu dziko alibe analogues.

Kuteteza kuukira zotheka kwa mpweya ngalawa "asilikali Grygorovych" ali machitidwe awiri mpweya chitetezo amatchedwa "Modekha 1" (mu nkhokwe ya mivi motsogozedwa 36) ndi "Palash". The woyamba - ndi roketi Mipikisano njira, kutanthauza kuti amatha ndi kumumenya mipherezero angapo nthawi imodzi. Chachiwiri ndi mkulu-ntchito roketi-zida zankhondo zovuta, komanso awiri "Dirk" dongosolo, komanso udindo chifukwa chitetezo cha airspace lapansi. mayunitsi awiri 190 amapanga muli kwambiri mofulumira-likuomba mfuti mu dziko la likungosonyeza 100 mm. Awiri TA akomere aliyense atatu 533 mm oponya. Malizitsani wamphamvu chitetezo nthawi anayesedwa roketi mortars RBU-6000. Ndipo, ndithudi, 11356 frigate "asilikali Grigorovich," monga aliyense kulondera bwato ano, sanali popanda phiko chake pa mawonekedwe a Ka 31 ndege (ntchito Ka 27, PL).

Low aone

Masiku ano, pansi yodzibisa kumvetsa osati mitundu mitundu kubisa, amene amaonetsetsa mobisa pazipita pa maziko a madzi mnyanja ndi mlengalenga. M'pofunikanso, kudziwika zithunzi ndi njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri nzeru, koma chofunika kwambiri kosaoneka ndi makina ounikira cha mdani angathe. Rada mfundo ndi chimodzimodzi kuti pa chiyambi cha chidali chifuniro chake. Anasonyeza elekitironi mtengo mkulu-pafupipafupi amasonyeza malo zinthu zonse, ataliatali pamwamba pa nyanja. Kuchepetsa aone, n'zotheka kuchita zinthu m'njira ziwiri: kuti kufika tinthu otaya kutsidya lina kapena kuyamwa cheza. Pamodzi, zonsezi mayina awo anali "chozemba Technology". Frigate Project 11356 "asilikali Grigorovich," ndipo, ndithudi, zombo zonse za zino wotsatira ndi siginecha otsika kwa locators mdani angathe. Zimapezeka ndi mwapadera nyumba, ndi maphunziro, wopangidwa mwa ndiziwunda, absorber ❖ kuyanika wapadera ndi zipangizo zamagetsi, hampering kudziwika ngalawa ndi makina ounikira. Mtokoma wa zida ndi zipangizo zobisika kuseri pamalo kutetezedwa. Kumene, kwathunthu kosaoneka ndi makina ounikira sitima sizingakhoze kuchitidwa, koma kupeza mu frigate nyanja "Grigorovich" kudzakhala kovuta.

zigawo

Malinga ndi ochiritsira luso alumikizana izo yaikidwa pa m'matangadza, ndiye anamanga kuyambira pansi mpaka kwathunthu. Choncho zombo zinamangidwa kuchokera kalelo. Koma luso ali osiyana mwanjira khumi zapitazi. izo amaganizira kufunika wamakono mofulumira ndi unsembe zida zatsopano, nthawi zina onenepa. nyumba alembedwera mbali, kotero kuti ngati pali kufunika undocking, izo sizikanakhala mavuto luso. Pomanga frigate "asilikali Grigorovich," amapangidwa m'njira yodziyimira payokha, ndi zapamwamba kwambiri tsiku. m'chombo ali malo angathe wamakono, amene amalola m'malo mfundo iliyonse kuchokera powertrain kuti zipangizo zamagetsi.

Indian frigate

State ogwira mbewu "Yantar" wakhalapo kuyambira chigonjetso 1945. Mu German Königsberg anali doko la zombo zapanyanja "Sheehan," yemwe anakhala maziko a kupanga sitima nkhondo itatha, pamene mzinda anakhala Soviet Baltic. Pa kuli mmera chinayandama oposa zana zombo, makamaka nkhondo.

Popeza 2007, bungwe la boma Indian pa chomera Baltic anachita kuti lapadera: kumanga zombo kwa apanyanja a dziko wochezeka. ntchito chimodzimodzi ngati 11356, imene analenga frigate "asilikali Grigorovich." kusiyana Komabe, n'kofunika. Amafotokozera lofala awiri "abale" thupi, ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana ndi zida. frigates Indian Zida ndi kachitidwe chida "Brahmos", ndi launchers choimirira.

Seaworthiness zombo Russian ndi makasitomala asangalatsidwa kuti iwo akufuna kumanga awo, wogulidwa ndi zolembedwa za luso. Iwo amapereka thandizo mabuku mu chimango cha pulogalamu asilikali mgwirizano. Maina a oyamba frigates anayi a Indian mndandanda - "Talwar", "Tarkash", "Trikand" ndi "opatsidwa".

Zovuta pangano

Pakompyuta nkhondo ndi mauthenga mdani ndi ulamuliro mwakhala tsopano cholinga chachikulu, ndi njira bwino lomwe pafupifupi amatitsimikizira kugonjetsa mdani aliyense. 11356 Frigate "asilikali Grigorovich," okhala ndi anayi Nkhanu PC-10 "Olimba Mtima." Izi desyatistvolnye unsembe amafanana roketi mortars, koma vuto ndi iwo ndi mzake. M'malo mwachindunji akunde zombo za adani iwo amapanga zipolopolo kuti ingawononge zamagetsi ya wothandizila mdani. Panamveka kusokonezedwa kumana mwayi mdani zombo kwa kugawana mfundo, khungu Rada, adzabweretsa pansi dongosolo mpweya chitetezo.

Control machitidwe kuwombera

Long atapita masiku pamene zipolopolo "ndi diso". Ngakhale chipangizo scopes musati kukwaniritsa zofuna za oyendetsa chifukwa kufupika kwa zinthu m'bwalolo apanyanja a nkhondo. Zochita kutsegula moto - mwayi wapadera wa mkulu, ndi kuwerengera magawo a mpirawo adalira adalira zokha. Sitimayo "asilikali Grigorovich," ali wamphamvu adakwera machitidwe kompyuta zofunika kudya asanauzidwe wa chida kuti chandamale. zambiri amachokera kwa "Puma" Rada, chida imalankhula chinkhoswe mu kasamalidwe dongosolo "Vympel" 123-02, ndipo amachititsa putts oponya "Purga-11356".

Kukula ndipo chiwerengero

Za kukula kwa zombo aweruzidwa ndi kusamutsidwa a. "Asilikali Grigorovich" - kulondera bwato, choncho tiyenera kukhala zazikulu monga chotengera ndege. chitayiko lake ndi yaing'ono, mpaka mamita 7.5, zomwe ndi zogwirizana ndi makhalidwe a Nyanja Black, lomwe ndi osaya mu malo ambiri. Kusamutsidwa ndi zikwi zinayi matani, amene si anati za kukula kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, cruiser "Petr Veliky", akafika 25 thous. Matani.

Frigate "asilikali Grigorovich": chithunzi ndi kutalika

Frigates - sitima zazikulu, koma osati lalikulu. Ichi ndi chitsimikizo cha maneuverability awo liwiro, ndi chozemba. Komabe, pang'ono sitinganene kuti ndi frigate "asilikali Grigorovich." Photos anapereka atolankhani utumiki sitima, akusonyeza amasonyeza wautali (125 meters). nyumba ndi elongated chombo, titero "wothinikizidwa" m'mbali, zimene zikusonyeza zosagwiritsa ake. The magetsi ongokhala awiri turbines gasi, Iyamba chotengeracho 30 mfundo ndi mode afterburner - ngakhale mofulumira.

Adalira tichipeza alonda 18, 142 oyendetsa ndi Asilikali makumi awiri, okwana anthu 180. Kuthetsa chotero spacecraft zovuta, ngati frigate "asilikali Grigorovich," amafuna mkulu mlingo wa maphunziro, Mgwirizano ndi cohesion. Team, iye angakhoze kokha kukhala akatswiri woona amene amakonda nyanja ndipo, ndithudi, kwawo.