Croatia ndi Serbia: Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mbiri nkhondo, mfundo chidwi ndi maonekedwe a chikhalidwe

Kukhulupirira, koma palibe kusiyana kwapadera pakati pa Balkan Asilavo. Mpaka m'ma XIX, anthu ambiri mwamtendere Umutu ndi Croatia ndi Serbia. kusiyana likadali pamenepo, koma chachipembedzo! Croatia anali pansi pa mphamvu ya Italy, Austria, mu nthawi ya Middle. Woyamba midzi Chikolowesha anaonekera pa dera la Mediterranean m'zaka VII.

Nkhani zimenezi kugwirizana ndi kufunafuna chipulumutso cha mafuko Asilavo a Avars, Germany ndi Huns, anamwazikana kudutsa dziko. Ambiri mwa onse Asilavo umwini osankhidwa lero mu Zagreb ndi madera ake ozungulira. Komabe, kulumikiza ku moyo gombe dziko, ndi pansi pa chitsogozo cha Aroma, iwo analephera. Ndiye Asilavo analenga maukulu angapo yoyenda yokha.

Croatia monga gawo la Hungary

Pafupi ndi X centennial Croatia Anapempha thandizo Ufumu wa Byzantine, anatola mphamvu ndithu kuti akonze boma cohesive. Ngakhale kuti lero anthu Chikolowesha amakonda kuganizira Chikhristu wake. Nthawi koyamba nyamuka sizinakhalitse mpaka kusiyana mkati musakhale kusokoneza mgwirizano dziko. Ndiye wolemekezeka Commonwealth mu 1102 anazindikira awo mwayekha Kalman Ine, mfumu ya Hungary. Chifukwa, Croatia kunali mbali ya Ufumu wa Hungary. zipani agwirizana kuti Kalman kusiya zikutsatiridwa loyang'anira ndi ndale dongosolo, maudindo apamwamba.

Kupondereza ufumu Chihangare

Kukhala pansi pa ulamuliro wa Hungary, Croatia anayenera kugawana kwambiri za kusintha lolemera m'mbiri ufumu wake. Mosakayikira, kuwonongeka kwambiri anachititsa matenda a Ottoman. Chifukwa chakuti isanayambike mosalekeza kupita kumpoto, boma Chihangare mu 1553 m'madera paramilitary malire a Slovenia, Croatia. Yomangika boma la nkhondo kwa zaka 25. Panthawi imeneyi, anthu ambiri padziko anathawira kudera otetezeka.

Komabe, Turkey asilikali pansi pa utsogoleri wa Ottoman Sultan Suleiman Zazikulu anaswa chitetezo ya. Komanso, asilikali kufika ku zipata za Vienna, koma analanda mzinda analephera yekha. Mu 1593 Nkhondo ya Sisak anakankha Ottoman kusiya atagonjetsa madera Chikolowesha. Mu lawo anali yekha Bosnia oyandikana.

Mgwirizano ndi mkangano wa anthu awiri Asilavo

Motengera Austrians ndi Hungarians, Croatia mosadziwa analili mtundu wawo. Komabe, lingaliro la kunyoza ambiri ankhondo Turkey amayesedwa imodzi, ndi Croatia ndi Serbia. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, pali chinthu chimodzi chokha - kulakwika miyambo. Komabe, kumverera kwa chidani ufumuyo anali olimba kuposa kusiyana zonyozeka miyambo. Zitsanzo kumenyana mgwirizano Croat ndi Serb opandukawo ali osawerengeka! Pamodzi ndi kumenya nkhondo owawa Ottoman Aroma omwe ankalamulira dzikolo, komanso osachepera oprotivevshimi banja lolamulira la Habsburg.

Mu 1918 panali mpata - kugwa kwa Austria ndi Hungary. chochitika zapitazi kunapangitsa kuti detach mayiko kum'mwera. Choncho unakhazikitsidwa ufumu limodzi la Yugoslavia. Mfundo za athamangitsidwe wa Turkey ndi mapangidwe ufumu osiyana anali kwambiri kuti asonkhanitse anthu Asilavo. Koma izo zinachitika njira zina padziko ...

Chifukwa cha nkhondo yoyamba

The bursts woyamba kupikisana anatuluka pakutha pa wachiwiri Chirasha Turkey nkhondo. Zinali ndiye kuti adayamba nkhani yeniyeni ya nkhondo ya Serbia ndi Croatia! Kufunika zomangira za Balkans anakhala mosaletseka lero udani.

Ndipotu, pamene pali mofulumira kupeza kutchuka, awiri kupita ndi otaya lapansi. maganizo Chisebiya atapereka maganizo "Great Yugoslavia". Komanso, pakati dongosolo ayenera kupangidwa ndendende mu Serbia. The anachita mawu awa kunali kuonekera kwa nyuzipepala mtundu "Serb dzina" olembedwa mgugu dzanja, Ante Starcevic.

Mosakayikira, zochitika izi zayambika kale. Komabe, lero pali chitsekerezo akuluakulu amene sangakwanitse kuthetsa pakati pawo Croatia ndi Serbia. Kusiyana pakati pa anthu awiri fraternal molakwika zimaoneka ngakhale kumvetsa funso lofunika kwambiri kwa iwo. Ngati Serb alendo ndi munthu amene amadyetsa khamu, chifukwa Croatia - ndi amene amadyetsa khamu.

The tate wa fuko la Chikolowesha

Ante Starcevic adayamba amakhulupirira kuti Croatia si Asilavo! Iwo amanena kuti iwo ndiwo mbewu ya ku Germany Pasanapite Chisilavo, chifukwa mu njira iyi ndikufuna bwino kusamalira Balkan akapolo. Chowopsya Izitu n'zovutitsa la tsoka! "Chikolowesha tate wa fuko la" mayi anali Orthodox, ndi atate wake - Roma Katolika.

Ngakhale kuti makolo anali Serbia, mwana anakhala mtsogoleri maganizo a Croatia amene anagawana mfundo fuko la Serbia mu dziko lawo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti bwenzi lake lapamtima anali Myuda Iosif Frank. Ngakhale Ante Starcevic anali kudana kwambiri ndi fuko lino. Yosefe nayenso anakhala Croatia mtundu anatengera Chikatolika.

Monga mukuonera, wolemba anayamba zongopeka munthu malire. nkhani yachisoni ichi. Onyenga kutsanzikana Starcevic anachita mitima ya unyamata Chikolowesha. Chifukwa, Dalmatia, Slavonia kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma uguza mndandanda wa pogroms Serb. Pa nthawi imeneyo, palibe amene anaganiza sankabwera, kuti Croatia - ndi chongopeka atatembenuzidwa Serbia!

Mwachitsanzo, pansi pa utsogoleri wa "tate wa fuko la" kuchokera 1 mpaka 3 September 1902, limodzi ndi bwenzi lake Frank Croatia mu Karlovac, Slavonski Brod, Zagreb anawononga masitolo Serb ndi zokambirana. Iwo anatiloŵera m'nyumba sanatiitane, anataya katundu wawo, kumenyedwa.

Osalimba dziko United Kingdom

Chifukwa wa First World nkhondo zikamera wa ufumu ogwirizana. Ambiri a umboni wotsimikizira akusonyeza nkhani ya Serbia anakana chiwawa mkati Ufumu wa Slovenia ndi Croatia.

Chuma ku Slovenia, Croatia anali olemera. Choncho, iwonso, anafunsa funso lophweka. Chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira kudyetsa mzinda watsoka? Kodi bwino kupanga n'kwawo yoyenda yokha, moyo mosangalala mpaka kalekale. Komanso, aliyense Chisebiya Orthodox Asilavo nthawizonse zakhala ziri ndipo adzakhala mlendo!

Chikolowesha kupululutsa

Kupezeka kwa Ufumu wa Yugoslavia sizinakhalitse - Wachiwiri World nkhondo. Mu 1941, 6 April German ndege anaukira Belgrade. Patapita masiku awiri chabe wa asilikali Nazi kale anagwira gawo. Pa nthawi ya nkhondo, kuti wapeza an'kanthunthumira kutchuka kucheza Ustasha Ante Pavelic. Croatia anakhala German aganyu.

Belgrade mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti Akuti chiwerengero cha akufa Ustashe - 800 zikwi Majipise, Ayuda ndi Serbia .. anthu 400 okha anakwanitsa kuthawa ku Serbia. Okha Croatia nambala iyi samakana, koma amati ambiri a iwo - zigaŵenga zankhondo aphedwa ndi mfuti manja awo. The Serbia, nayenso, dziwani kuti 90% ya anthu amene akuvutikawo. - wamba.

Ngati mwayi alendo lero adzakhala pa nthaka Chisebiya, n'zotheka kuti eni adzakusonyezani chidwi okhulupirika kwa mlendo. The mbali Chikolowesha ali - M'malo mwake! Ngakhale popanda mipanda Asian wolemera, zipata maonekedwe aliyense zoletsedwa mu malo awo amaona ngati kusonyezedwa kwa chipongwe. Kuchokera pa zimenezi, mukhoza bwino kulingalira amene Croatia ndi Serbia. otchulidwa Features amapezeka kutchulidwa mtima wa anthu awiri.

Anazi ndi ofera

Nkhondo itatha, Yugoslavia anali mchikakamizo cha USSR. Boma latsopano ankapita ndi Josip Broz Tito, amene analamulira chitsulo chibakera mpaka imfa yake. Pankhaniyi, Tito sanatenge malangizo a bwenzi lake lapamtima Mose Pyade, chikumbumtima kusakaniza anthu zakwawoko la Slovenia ndipo Croatia ndi Serbia. Pambuyo 1980, chifukwa mikangano ya ndale ndi dera lawo ku Yugoslavia anayamba pang'onopang'ono n'kukhala amene anavutika Croatia kwambiri ndi Serbia. Kusiyana pakati pa mitundu kamodzi fraternal kachiwiri anatsika kudana kwakukulu.

Nkhondo federalism Croatia ukupitirirabe banja lolamulira la Habsburg sanafune kuti azolowere ku Serbia. Croatia komanso sanafune kuvomereza kuti kubadwa kwake la Southern boma Asilavo ayenera kokha kwa mavuto ndi kuwina nkhondo ya Serbia. The Serbia, nayenso anali sinditi kulekerera anthu amene okha panopa yunifolomu wake Austria. Komanso kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale ankhanza kumenyana kumbali ya Austria, ndi Croatia sanapite konse ku mbali Chisebiya. Mosiyana ndi Slovaks, Czechs.

The nkhondo kunyumba

Kenako mu zaka za m'ma 1990, panali kugwa kwa USSR, imene anatsatira kugawanika lomaliza la Yugoslavia. Chifukwa, Croatia ananena ufulu sakukhudzidwa ndi dziko. Komabe, Serbia mu Croatia okha Anakonza mikangano yapakati-Kupititsa m'dzikoli. Patapita kanthawi pang'ono, izi zinachititsa kuti nkhondo nkhanza boma. Chisebiya ndi Yugoslavia Army atalanda dera la Croatia, Dubrovnik ndi Vukovar wogonjetsa.

Komabe, timayesetsa mwachikulu kuyang'ana pa mliri wa nkhondo, popanda kusiyana pakati pa "anasiya" ndi "ufulu". Croatia ndi Serbia. Kodi kusiyana kwake? Ngati ife kulankhula zolinga achipembedzo, tikhoza kunena kuti ena - Akatolika ndi ena - Orthodox. Komabe, kuti ndi zambiri nkhondo interchurch amene cholinga chachikulu basi chitukuko zipembedzo. Choncho, sitiyenera kuiwala kuti Serbia Croatia woyamba anthu awiri fraternal dzenje mu m'ma XX, adani awo wamba.

Mawu akuti "World nkhondo II" mu Croatia

Mu Croat nkhondo yapachiweniweni amatchedwa World. Komanso, akhumudwa kwambiri ngati munthu adzaitana mosiyana. Against maziko awa, osati kale litali, ine anathyola ngakhale kumuyalutsa mayiko ndi Switzerland. dziko ili yoletsedwa kulowa m'gawo lake kwa Chikolowesha woimba Marko Perkovic Thompson. Zinaoneka kuti zisudzo za Marco chikukupatsani n'kumakondana, achipembedzo kudana.

Pamene Swiss mosasamala ntchito mawu lotchedwa "Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni", kuti iwo anachititsa flurry maganizo mu Utumiki Chikolowesha. Poyankha, mbali Chikolowesha watumiza kuukira kalata kwa circumvention pulezidenti ake Stepana Mesicha. Mwachibadwa, zinthu ngati zimenezi anachititsa ndi mkwiyo chabe. Komanso pulezidenti sanali akuluakulu Chikolowesha kumbuyo anamuda Thompson, amene mobwerezabwereza m'zimene ayambe nkhondo. Komabe, pamene izo zifika ku mawu enieni enawo, mukhoza mukatseka maso.

Chiyambitso cha nkhondo yatsopano - asilikali Yugoslavia

Mosakayikira, nkhondo zinthu zambiri boma. Choyamba, kuyamba kuika zambiri kunabuka Yugoslavia mikangano United internecine. Komanso, Serbia anapandukira utsogoleri Chikolowesha kwenikweni nzika za dziko lino.

Kachiwiri nkhondo Chikolowesha kudziyimira pawokha zinachitikadi yekha mu nthawi yoyamba. Pamene Croatia wabweza udindo wa mayiko wa ufulu, nkhondoyo anapitiriza. Komabe, nthawi iyi zinali funso resumption a m'zigawozo umodzi Croatia a. Pamwamba pa zonsezi, nkhondo bwino wokhala achipembedzo. Komabe, palibe nkhani mu ichi koma osati kupereka kuitana nkhondo yapachiweniweni, kutanthauza kuti anayenera okha Croatia ndi Serbia?

History, monga ife tikudziwira, ndi chokhazikika pa mfundo zovuta! Ndipo iwo amanena kuti Army Anthu Kumwera a (JNA) ankaimba udindo wa akagwiriridwa woona Croatia. Komanso, Croatia anatsala gawo la Yugoslavia, lomwe yokhala chogwidwa awiri Chikolowesha mtsogoleri - Pulezidenti Stjepan Mesic, pamodzi ndi Nduna Ante Markovic. Ndi chiyambi cha amanyansidwa ndi Vukovar, asilikali Yugoslavia kale lamulo mkati m'dera la Croatia. Choncho, zikuoneka sitinganene kuti kuwukira kuchokera kunja mokwiya.

Komabe, mbali Chikolowesha sanafune kuvomereza kuti JNA konse ankaimira zofuna za Serbia. Isanafike kuukira Vukovar umene unachitika August 25, 1991, JNA ankaimba udindo wa wakutsutsana. M'tsogolo, asilikali Yugoslavia ankayimiridwa yekha ndi akazembe ake, komanso mbali yaing'ono ya boma chikominisi.

ngati Croatia anali olakwa?

Ngakhale pambuyo achire wa asilikali Yugoslavia ku East Slavonia, Baranja ndi Western Srijem JNA akadali anapitiriza kuukira pa Croatia. Makamaka mu Dubrovnik. Ndi olusa kutchulidwa anaonetsa Bosnia, Herzegovina, Montenegro. Ndi kofunika kudziwa kuti ndi analinso nawo Bosnia Serbia. Croatia, nawonso, komanso nkhondo Army la Republika Srpska pa dera la Herzegovina ndi Bosnia.

Malinga kuwerengetsera wa akatswiri pa Balkan Peninsula, okhudzidwa ndi nkhondo, umene kwa zaka zinayi, anali osachepera 20 chikwi. Man. Chifukwa Kukwezeleza wa UN ndi mabungwe ena padziko lonse mu 1995 nkhondo Croatia unatha. Lero, kukambirana zonse ndi kuchepetsedwa ndi kubweranso kwa othawa kwawo, zimene pamapeto, nkhani zambiri za kubwerera kuposa ndipanga izo.

Mosakayikira, Gona Croatia-Serbia kuti tsiku anavutika kutali mitambo. A mwansanga mwagwirizana zimachitika lero. Makamaka m'madera amene ali akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi maudani. Komabe, zilakolako zoipa demonization wa anthu Chikolowesha, kuthera onse 90 ndipo kupitiriza kwa ena tsopano, kodi sizigwirizana ndi chowonadi!