Chomenyedwa zomangamanga. chomenyedwa atagona luso

Chomenyedwa zomangamanga yapadera yomanga luso, zimene zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zidutswa zidutswa ndi osiyana kukula kwa makhalidwe achilengedwe. N'zotheka ntchito zosiyanasiyana njira, koma aliyense wa iwo amafuna pamaso pa mbuye wa nzeru akatswiri ndi luso. Wosweka mwala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito yomanga maziko ndi nyumba zina. Adadziwika kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo sanataye kutchuka lace mpaka lero lino. Ichi ndi chifukwa katundu yake yapadera: kupezeka, zachilengedwe waubwenzi ndi durability.

Lero ntchito zochizira mpanda kunja, pa malo a, komanso kuyika maziko. Booth - mwala, omwe ayenera kutsatira GOST 2173-87. Kulemera kudzadalira mtundu, kuti nawonso amakhudza mitengo ya zinthu. Pafupifupi mmodzi mita kiyubiki thanthwe molimba ali ndi thupi mu uthunthu tonnes 2. Pamene ntchito kumene anthu ali ndi ubwino ndi khalidwe monga mpweya wa poizoni. Kalasi yoyamba lakonzedwa m'madera zogona, pamene lachiwiri - dongosolo la milatho embankments ndi misewu. Rock kachulukidwe siyana kuchokera 1.4 kuti 1.8 T / mamita ^3. Frost kukana kudzadalira mitundu ndipo anapereka aŵerenga m'zinthu wa yozizira koopsa ndi thawing. The pazipita chisanu mtundu - ndi F300-F400, iwo anafuna kuti ntchito kwambiri zinthu nyengo.

Kukonzekera chida pamaso khazikitsa chomenyedwa

Booth - mwala kuti ayenera kuikidwa pa luso makamaka. Zimatengera kufunika kukonzekera zida zina. Pakati pawo:

• chidebe wosakanizira yankho;
• fosholo;
• matabwa mabokosi;
• zingwe kuti ankayatsa;
• formwork;
• ramming kapena nyundo;
• madzi;
• simenti;
• mwala;
• vibrator;
• Zida akupera mwala pamalo.

Pambuyo lonse zipangizo mukhoza chitani ntchito.

Njira mwala unsembe

Kuika mwala zachilengedwe angathe kuchitikira pa chimodzi cha luso alipo, akuti:

• atagona pansi tsamba phewa;
• pansi Bay ya;
• pansi bulaketi;
• ndi vibrocompaction.

Asanayambe ntchito, muyenera kuganizira mfundo zina zofunika kuti adzakhala pansipa.

Kuika ayamikira

Natural mwala kuika imachitika motsatira malamulo ena. Mwachitsanzo, opaleshoni kungabweretse kufunika kuphwanya zina zakuthupi. Ngati mumamwa cobblestone, ndiye kuonekera pamwamba pa chinthu ayenera kuchotsedwa theka lonse la zinthu alibe chagawikana kutali. Pamene izo zifika pa miyala magawo, ndiye iwo sayenera kuikidwa pa m'mphepete, iwo adzaikidwe pa wina ndi mzake horizontally. luso amafuna kusanja ndi kutolera mfundo. Pasadakhale ayenera kupanga ntchito izi m'dera lotseguka pafupi pamalo a ntchito. Ayenera kutsatira dongosolo malo ndi bandaging wa matabwa, omwe ntchito pamene njerwa. Ngati mukufuna miyala mwala, muyenera kupereka mmalo Chimwala mosabisa kuti mu ndondomeko ya unsembe adzakhala ili mu osakaniza achilengedwe.

Dongosolo la zinthu pansi tsamba mu ndondomeko ya kumanga maziko

maziko wosweka yaikidwa mizere yopingasa, kakakulu omwe sayenera upambana 20 cm. Miyala ayenera anachoka pakati pa msoko amene makulidwe ayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 15 mm. Atavutika maziko akhoza kukhala mizere osiyana wochindikala Komabe, kutalika lonse aliyense mzere ayenera kukhala ofanana. Ngati mukufuna kugona chomenyedwa mwala ndi njira imeneyi, ife ayenera kutsatira malangizo otsatirawa. maziko ayenera kukhala verstovye miyala, ndi pa ntchito ayenera kukhazikitsa ankayatsa. Musanapite mkati ndi kunja makoma iliyonse mamita atatu, ndi pa mphambano za mpanda ayenera kuikidwa ankayatsa ntchito zingwe. Ndi thandizo lawo, tidzatha kumanga lathyathyathya khoma, kupenda cha kuwongoka kunja kwa maziko.

Mokoma ntchito

Iwo ayenera lembani wosanjikiza njira, kukweza miyala, zimenezi ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti njira ali mu cavities onse. Chomenyedwa zomangamanga ayenera idzachitika ntchito nyundo kapena nkhosa, ndi thandizo lawo, mankhwala woterowu. Mid-ogwirizana maziko ladzala ndi njira yomwe umagwiritsidwa ndi zokumbira a. osakaniza owonjezera ayenera seep mu seams zonse m'chilimwe ayenera kusunga bandaging wa matabwa. Nkofunika kusintha bonder ndi zinthu machira. Ngati tingayerekezere zinthu kukhudzana mu zomangamanga, iwo adzachititsa kuchepetsa mphamvu kamangidwe.

The njira ya ntchito

Pamene anamanga maziko, sitepe yotsatira ndi kukhazikitsa rasschebenku makongoletsedwe. miyala ayenera amapatutsidwa ndi hamala, izo adzalola njira kudzaza voids onse pakati nyengo. Aliyense mzere odzaza ayenera angaimbidwenso. ntchito wotsatira ikuchitika ndi luso pamwambapa.

Kujambula m'munsi maziko

Wosweka mwala wayala maziko ichi chisanadze okonzeka:

• thanki njira;
• chute kwa wobadwira wa njira ndi miyala;
• yankho;
• miyala.

Kodi choyamba kukonzekera ngalande amene mozama ndi 1.3 m. Pansi pa mabokosi kukhazikitsa njira, ndi mtunda pakati pa iwo ayenera kukhala 6 m. Miyala anaikapo mu mipata pakati pa mabokosi, zimenezi ziyenera kuchitidwa pamanja. Unkafuna wodzazidwa ndi chomenyedwa ndi milandu otsatirawa njira anakhala pa mwala. Iwo ayenera lembani osakaniza kupyolera grooves amene oyenerera pa makona a madigiri 45. Izi adzaonetsetsa kudzazidwa yosalala bokosi, kuonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwa kukonza. Pakati otungira anaika wosanjikiza yotsatira ya mwala, ayenera zasiyidwa pa chute gawo 40 cm. Flatness zowalamulira ayenera wokwera mu dongosolo nkhuni zimene zimayenderana mbiri m'munsi. Iwo ayenera spaced padera pa 20 m. Zidindo atathana chizindikiro patsambali tensioned zingwe. Choncho miyala zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo kwa kutalika ankafuna.

Ntchito yomanga mpanda

mpanda A zopangidwa chomenyedwa adzakhala maziko ndi zipilala. Kuti muyambe m'dera la chodetsa imagwiridwa, komanso kutenga nkhani m'lifupi mzati ndi kuya kwa chisanu malowedwe. Ndi kukumba ngalande, m'lifupi zimenezi mpaka 500 mm, pamene akuya - mamilimita 800. Chifukwa zingwe ayenera kuikidwa zovekera ndi malo amene mukufuna kukhazikitsa mizati, tiyenera chithunzithunzi kunja. Concreting uyenera mtsinje mosalekeza. Zolimba zipilala konkire yokutidwa ndi 20 mm. maziko pamwamba limagwirizana horizontally ndi kukhazikika kapena mlingo. maziko ali ndi pulasitiki Manga ndi kumanzere kwa masabata atatu kuti ziume.

zipilala zomangamanga

Chomenyedwa zomangamanga idzakhala maziko a posts mpanda. Makoma chatha olumikizidwa chingwe, anasonyeza mlingo woyenerera ndi polygon lapansi. Pamwamba pa maziko ayenera zimaonetsa mzere woongoka, kuyeza mtunda pakati kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino ndi otsutsa. Mwala woyamba ngodya pamwamba pa mlingo, ndiye inu mukhoza kuyamba kusonkhana onse. Msinkhu miyala positi angakhale osiyana, ndipo ayenera anachoka pakati pa mphambano za malo ndi malo kudzaza. Kulolerana kutalika kwa 1 masentimita cm 200.

Kuika utali

Chomenyedwa zomangamanga kupanga maziko a Anakweranso za malonda ndi yosalala pamwamba zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo pa mbali zonse za mpanda wa m'tsogolo. Pankhaniyi, mungathe kuika chisanadze timbering, amene adzalenga khoma yosalala. Danga chifukwa pakati pa mbali ziwiri za mwala udzathiridwa njira, iwo ayenera losindikizidwa ntchito vibrator kapena armature. Ngati mwaganiza kuti asiye ntchito formwork, ndi chingwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito chimene chimafika pa malekezero Zotsutsana za tsogolo la mpanda. Mfundo pamwamba pa mpanda ayenera kukhala msinkhu, ndi miyala wakumbuyo ayenera kusankhidwa mwa njira yakuti iwo ndi kutalika chomwecho.

Kuika wall

Chomenyedwa makoma akhoza wokwera pa luso kugwedera compaction. Njira imeneyi amapereka yomanga olimba kwambiri. Kukhazikitsa ake ayenera kukumba ngalande kugona pansi pa mzere wa miyala. Pakuti opanda kudzazidwa, ntchito njira. Ndiye, mu maphunzirowa ndi vibrator, amene amalola ntchito apamwamba losindikizidwa zomangamanga ndi kuupanga kukhala amphamvu. Compaction ayenera idzachitika bola ngati njira yonse odzipereka mu zomangamanga ndi. Mizere otsatirawa ali iikidwe ndi "pansi tsamba phewa," kukonzera nthawi iliyonse vibrator wosanjikiza.

Mtengo ntchito

Chomenyedwa ndi manja awo angathe kuchitidwa ndi handyman aliyense, koma mnjira sitinganene kuti yosavuta. Chotero, inu mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito akatswiri. Kuchita izi, funsani za mtengo wa ntchito. Chifukwa chakuti mwai chonchi nthawi yaitali, mtengo wa makhalidwe akuyamba ndi rubles 1000. pa 1 mita ^3. Pankhani partitions mkati, akumanga pa mtengo wa rubles 800. pa 1 mita ^2. yamanga akhoza lowonjezera zolimba ndi kutchinjiriza.