Chitsanzo cha kukula zachuma

Lingaliro la kukula chuma makamaka limasonyeza tanthauzo lake, chimene bwino chuma imatengedwa kuti kachulukidwe ndi Mkhalidwe kusintha kwa mankhwala nawo pa nthawi yeniyeni ya nthawi.

Russian bwino chuma chiphunzitso mu chitukuko anatsatira mfundo ndipo potsatira zomwe wa sukulu Marxist m'njira zambiri. Mu zaka za m'ma otsiriza, sukulu yapindula kwenikweni kwambiri sayansi. Chiphunzitso Marxist cha kukula chuma anali mfundo zikuluzikulu ziwiri: kulumikizana mlingo wa kukula kwa zachuma ndi ndalama ndipo zotsatira mwapang'onopang'ono pa kukula kwa chuma umwini anthu.

Sitingawerenge Western kukula zachuma ndayesera kuti tionetse zosiyanasiyana Mipikisano chitukuko cha chuma, akukankha zambiri malingaliro chidwi ndi mfundo.

chuma akhala kenako anasiya kotero bwinobwino short- ndi sing'anga-akuti bwino chuma lachitsanzo tayenda zofunika pa yaitali chitsanzo cha chuma kukula. Komanso, asayansi anazimitsa kuika maganizo awo pa chizindikiritso cha zinthu kukula mu chifaniziro cha kakulidwe mu miyeso yeniyeni ndi manambala enieni.

Padziko m'zaka za m'ma panali ngati chuma kukula chitsanzo, limene akufuna kuonetsa kukula chibadidwe mwamasamu kuphunzira gawo akanatha, kuunikila munda akufuna.

Similar neoclassical malangizo amagwiritsa wamba ndi zitsanzo zonse za kuwunika zida kuchuluka momwe ntchito yopanga.

Pa mtima ntchito yopanga, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito pomanga chitsanzo cha kukula chuma, ndi awiri-Chinthu ntchito, zikuchita ndi ubale mabuku kupanga yekha pa zinthu za ntchito ndi likulu. Choncho chikoka cha chiphunzitso zinthu zina abstracted kwathunthu pa nthawi imeneyi.

The yoyamba ziwiri chinthu chitsanzo yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asayansi American mu makampani opanga. Kutukula malingaliro anali Charles Cobb masamu ndi zachuma Paulo Douglas. Kenako, ntchito yopanga ndi Cobb-Douglas kuyambira kuti ankagwiritsa ntchito ndi asayansi ambiri pa chitukuko cha zitsanzo zawo kukula, kutenga nkhani kukukulirakulira zinthu kupanga.

Mu 50s mochedwa izo bwinobwino anagwiritsa ntchito American zachuma R.Solou, mmodzi poyesa loyamba kuphunzira malinga ndi buku la kupanga ku luso patsogolo china. Yotsirizira tinganene kuti m'njira zosiyanasiyana zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana za kukula zachuma, kapena ngati chinthu exogenous, kaya amkati.

R.Solou ntchito maikwezhoni angapo polongosola boma la dongosolo zazikulu za citukuko. ntchito zake analenga njira zatsopano kwa kusanthula dongosolo zazikulu za citukuko ndi chitukuko cha zitsanzo latsopano kukula kwa mtundu uwu. Mokulira neoclassical chitsanzo kudalira ntchito makina opanga, kudziwa makhalidwe kachulukidwe amene n'komwe pamene akuona mmene zinthu kukula zachuma.

Neoclassicism anapita ku chiyembekezo cha mtengo msika amatipatsa bwino okwanira ndi kufunika chuma chuma, ndalama ndi zinthu zina. Koma Wachiwiri-Keynesians anapita ku chiyembekezo anyamata, kuganizira kukula zachuma monga chinachake osakhazikika. Pakuti zitsanzo ngati monga E. Domar chitsanzo, N. Kaldor, Harrod, E. Hansen ndi ena.

Gawo kukula malinga ndi Katswiri American ww Rostow, zotsatirazi: chimangidwe chikhalidwe, anthu mu akafa nthawi ya kusintha chosintha, nyengo ya anthu okhwima ndi nthawi ya siteji mkulu wa mowa chikhalidwe.