Chitamili. Dravidian banja la zilankhulo

Tamil ndi Dravidian malongero onsene. Ambiri anagawira kum'mwera India, ndi wina wa boma m'dzikoli. Wapadera kunayamba kale chinenero ichi ndi ubale wake mwachindunji ndi chikhalidwe wachuma wa India, kugawa ake lonse m'dera analimbikitsidwa kuphunzira Tamil ambiri a anthu.

Kulankhula Tamil

Ambiri a amwenye amene amalankhula Tamil, tikukhala mu Tamil Nadu - za 92% ya anthu amoyo wa gawo ili la dziko amakhulupirira Tamil mbadwa. chiwerengero cha ofufuza amanena kuti popanda India, amatha kumveka mu Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore, Zikunenedwa Mauritania ndipo Africa North. A zambiri anthu a kum'mwera limati Indian ASAMUKIRA ndipo tsopano moyo mu magulu yaying'ono mu UK, Canada ndi United States. chiwerengero cha okamba za Tamil ndi miliyoni sikisite anthu.

hoary amakedzana

Mawu "Tamil" m'chilankhulo cha Russian chatifika ku galamafoniyo English. Mu chinenero cha kuderalo phokoso lotsiriza la mawu anasamutsidwa ndi thandizo la 'L' kapena 'zh. Dzina lenileni kwalembedwa motere:

Dravidian chinenero banja ali zambiri m'zilembo zokhudzana. Ambiri a iwo - Telugu, kennarsky, Oraon, Malta ndi ena. Mu gulu ili, palinso Tamil. Iwo ali mwini, mabuku ake akale kwambiri. Zolemba zakale anapezeka kanjedza unayambira masamba, m'badwo wawo kunayamba 200 BC. e. Zolembedwa ena Tamil anali anapeza mu 2005. Iwo ali mwa mbiri yakale kwambiri olembedwa a anthu a 10 m'ma BC. zochitika anasonyeza kuti Chitamili lachokera ku Chisansikiriti - ndi ufulu wodzilamulira kwathunthu adverb omwe kuwonjezekeredwa mawu ambiri ochokera Chisansikiriti, sinhalskogo ndi zinenero zina. ambiri ayesetsa kuchotsa anayambitsa ndi ngongole ndi kubwerera Tamil chiyero pristine. The zinenero nkhondo anayamba purists Maraymalay Adigal ndi Parithimaarom Kalaygnar, anadzatchedwa pansi pa dzina 'thanith thamizh iyakkam. M'chinenero Russian, izi zikutanthauza kayendedwe ka Tamil koyera. Choncho, panopa mawu onse ndi boma anaitenga ku mawu Chisansikiriti pafupifupi sakupezedwa mu malemba.

"Thirukkural"

Mmodzi wa katswiri wotchuka mabuku olembedwa mu zilankhulo za India, amatchedwa "Thirukkural". Mlembi wa chilengedwe, Thiruvalluval n'kutheka anakhala ndi moyo wa Khristu. Amadziwika kuti mbali yoyamba ya ndakatuloyi - "Pa Ukoma". Ntchito imeneyi ndi maziko a Tamil Chakale Literature. Nthawi tamutchula anzeru 19-20 atumwi, Leo Tolstoy kuti "Thirukkural" ndi chinthu chimene anthu mabuku wamkulu. Ntchito imeneyi wakale kutamanda Nobel A. Schweitzer ankadziwa Tamil, amishonale komanso womasulira John. Papa, atchukitsa ndi "Thirukkural", ndi atate lalikulu la India, Mahatma Gandhi.

zinkalankhulidwa

Akatswiri a ku Britain amene Lipoti awo mu magazini ina ya The Ethnologue, wotchedwa zoposa makumi awiri alipo lero m'zilembo Tamil. Mwachirengedwe, iwo anali ogaŵikana madera akuluakulu sikisi yogawa: kumpoto, kum'mawa, kumwera, kumadzulo chapakati ndi adverb Sri Lanka. Pachilumba cha Chitamili lili mawonekedwe ake ndiwofatsa, pamene m'zilembo chokhala akhala akukonza mayeso aakulu, komabe ndi kukana mawu ena ndi njira lexical a zilankhulo zina.

About Tamil - chidwi

N'zochititsa chidwi kudziwa mmene Chitamili. Zilembo zake-magawo awiri akuyang'ana muyezo - mu masiku ano Tamil mabuku ali zilembo 18 ndi zilembo zazikulu 12. Koma gawo lachitatu - waukulu, imakhala yeniyeni kalata ma uyirmeyyelutty. Alipo 216! Awa "syllables" ndi kupanga maziko a chinenero Tamil.

Mu masamu Tamila akhoza kudabwa. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, Tamil - otchedwa Tamil. manambala mu ichi chakale ndi mbali imodzi: iwo kuwamanga kwa makumi ndi mazana, ndi nambala aliyense ali ndi kadzidzi "dzina". Ndipo osati lonse manambala achilengedwe, koma ngakhale tuzigawo twa kovuta kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mawu anatchula immi kachigawo 1/320 ndi 1/7 amatchedwa anu. mayina pali ngakhale iwo tuzigawo twa kuti si pafupifupi ntchito mu moyo weniweniwo.

chakale Tamil

The Berkeley - mmodzi wa mayunivesite otchuka American (California), chaka unachitikira msonkhano wodzipereka kwa Tamila zakale ndi zamakono. Mwa mpanda wa Berkli Tamilu ankaona chinenero chakale, iye - lakale, ali oyima yake chikhalidwe Tamil olembedwa ntchito zambiri zolembalemba. chilankhulo ndi wamkulu monga ndalama (Chigiriki), ndi wamkulu kuposa Arabic. Kwa zaka zambiri, Tamila anayesa kupeŵa akutenga ndalama wapakamwa ndi kugawa mu chinenero cha mawu achilendo. Makamaka anakana chikoka cha chinenero Chisansikiriti. N'chifukwa chake akugwirabe akuphatikizapo lexical kwa zaka zikwi zingapo. Mu 2004, Tamila anali chimatengedwa ngati chiyankhulo woyamba wa chikhalidwe India.

kumenyera ufulu chinenero

Tamils ali tcheru kwambiri chinenero chawo. Mu boma kwawo amaganiza kuti chinenero dziko la India - Hindi - adzakhala anawagawira m'mayiko awo, Tamila onyamula msanga kuyiwala m'chinenero chawo. Mu chitsanzo cha kumbali chinenero kutsogolera Hyderabad, Mumbai, kolkata, chinenero cha kuderalo pafupifupi mwa ntchito, ndi anthu makamaka kulankhula Hindi kapena English.

Ch Annaduray, poyamba Minister Chief cha Tamil Nadu, ankadzinenera kuti chisankho amavomereza Hindi chiyankhulo cha Amalawi zinali zolakwika. "N'chifukwa chiyani nyama dziko la India akuti ndi kambuku, osati khoswe? Pajatu ambiri a makoswe?" - adafunsa. Annaduray mawu awa anatsindika kuti pali nkhani zimene sangathe kuthetsa ambiri kumodzi. Kumvetsera kwa Nduna kale ndi nyumba ya malamulo ya India, ndi kunja kwa dziko lino kwambiri. Kulimbana chiyero cha chilankhulo wakale akupitiriza. Ndikufuna kusunga kwa mibadwo tingachipeze powerenga Tamila onyamula chinenero lodabwitsali.