Chitaliyana Palace: mbiri, malongosoledwe. zokopa Kronstadt

Alendo ambiri mukufuna kuona yachifumu Italiya ku St. Petersburg. Koma kufufuza mfundo yochititsa chidwi mu mzinda pa Neva Sikuti. Pambuyo yachifumu, tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino si mu St. Petersburg ndi Kronstadt. The nyumba zazikulu umatchedwanso Nyumba ya Menshikov, chifukwa inamangidwa pa "Ambiri wopambana Prince." Tikumbukenso kuti mnzanu wapamtima Peter Wamkulu ndi nyumba zitatu zachifumu. Choyamba kuyikidwa mu St. Petersburg, wachiwiri - ndi wachitatu Oranienbaum - Kronstadt.

Ndipo iyo inali nyumba yomaliza atumiki awiri kukongola choyamba. Zodabwitsa, Menshikov choncho analibe nthawi yosangalala ndi zapamwamba zonse izi. Iye anamangidwa ndipo anatumizidwa ku ukapolo, ndipo chuma wadutsa mu chuma cha boma. Koma chifukwa Kronstadt anakhala m'munsi kumangira nyumba yachifumu? Kodi anali kuyenera mu Kotlin Island, umene unali pa nthawi makilomita makumi asanu ku St. Petersburg? Izi adzaphunzilanso pa nkhani imeneyi.

zokopa Kronstadt

Malo Peter Wamkulu anaganiza mzindawu, muli ndi zilumba. Pa mmodzi wa iwo, Kotlin, mfumu inalamula kuti kumanga linga. Zinali kuteteza khomo la m'kamwa mwa Neva ku zombo Swedish. citadel ameneyu anamumanga May 1704. Iwo umatchedwa "Kronshlot" - nyumba yachifumu ija. Koma asilikali linga wamba pang'onopang'ono atachuluka nyumba. Patatha zaka makumi awiri, munali kale kugula gallery, kuzungulira amene selilos amalonda. Choncho dzina linasinthidwa kukhala Kronstadt - mzinda wachifumu. Ankakhala ndi forts kuti tsopano zokonda zake zikuluzikulu: "The Mfumu Alexander I wa", "Kronshlot", "Totleben" ndi "Obruchev".

Pali pachilumba ndi munda chilimwe. Kuyambira Kronstadt mipingo amatchula ikhale ya Vladimir ndi Kronstadt Naval Cathedral. Ndipo, ndithudi, ndi kukopa kwambiri za mzinda uwu wa chisumbucho ndi Menshikov Palace. Adiresi ya kapangidwe ndi mbiri yovuta chiri motere: Makarovsky Street 3. Kronstadt watha kukhala chilumba m'lingaliro mosamala mawu: mu 1984, a damu yolumikiza galimoto msewu wake St. Petersburg. Koma mbiri mzinda uli pansi pa mothandizidwa ndi UNESCO, monga malo World Heritage.

Chifukwa Italy yachifumu, choncho amatchedwa?

Wina ali yense sakugawana kuganiza kuti Alexander Menshikov anakopeka kumanga zipinda zawo za mapulani ku pachilumbachi. Komabe, misperception izi. Kuyang'anira ntchito ya mapulani German. yomanga udaikidwa ndi I. F. Braunshteyn. Analamula ntchito H. Schedel. Chitsanzo kwa dziko la Germany anatenga palazzo, lamphamvu ku Italy. Pali maganizo udindo wa antchito wamba ntchito yomanga nyumba ya anali mbadwa za pachilumbachi, koma Baibulo ili N'zokayikitsa. Ambiri mwina, Menshikov ndinkangokonda kalembedwe wa ku Italy Baroque ndi German mapulani kuti ndinazolowera mavuto a zilumba wake mu Gulf.

Nyumbayo ndi zikwi mazana asanu ndi makumi awiri pa chaka twente-chachinayi. Chitaliyana yachifumu pafupipafupi anasintha eni. Iwo m'nyumba ya sukulu, amene angawononge kwambiri kwa nyumba ya mtengo mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe. Makamaka kusinthidwa maonekedwe a kumanganso nyumba AN Akutina ndi E. H. Ahnert, umene unachitikira mu m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi.

History: m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu

Pakutha pa ntchito yomanga nyumba yachifumu Italy, Russia ndi Sweden zinasaina osayanjanitsika, ndipo Menshikov anagwa manyazi. chuma chake wadutsa mu thumba. Mu 1740s ndi nyumba yachifumu otchedwa nyumba yake ya Imperial Wake Ufumu. Patatha zaka makumi awiri, ndi College wa Admiralty anasamukira ku nyumba yachifumu Italy. Kronstadt pa nthawi anali ndi utumiki nthawi zonse St. Petersburg kokha mu nyengo ofunda ndi maboti boti. Choncho, boma sanatenge nyumbayi, ngakhale kuti anatchulidwa mu ulamuliro wake. Ndiye kumanga nyumba ya anasamutsidwa ku sukulu ya panyanja, kutsogozedwa ndi Stepan Malygin. Kuyambira 1771 mpaka 1798 nyumbayi inali kuyang'anira Naval Cadet Corps.

Kukonzanso kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi

Mu 1815 izo potsiriza anakhazikitsa kulankhulana pafupipafupi pakati Kronstadt ndi St. Petersburg. Sailboats cabs payekha m'malo "passazhboty" mwapadera ndi Charles Byrd. Zinali Russia yoyamba madzi onse zoyendera. Kotlin chilumba wakhala mosavuta. Ndipo kuyambira 1798 mpaka 1872-TH panyanja Sukulu ya St. Petersburg anasamukira ku nyumba yachifumu Italy. Kenako bungwe ili anadzatchedwa sitima zaumisiri, ndi pamaso pa October kuukira boma anawatcha Engineering.

Ophunzira kukhala mu chinyumba mbiri ya njira amadza zomvetsa chisoni pa chitetezo chake. Ndipo nthawi, ndi nyengo mphepo ali wathunso nyumbayi. Mu makumi anai za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi wakhala anayamba kukonzanso kwakukulu la nyumba yachifumu. Ntchito zichitike mogwirizana ndi zolinga za mapulani Akutina ndi Stasov. Kumadzulo khoma la nyumba unathera Cadet munda ndi pamalo Bwalo - Admiralty. Kumapeto kwa nyumba m'ma kukodzedwa kwambiri (Project L. Novikova).

Zimangooneka ngati Italy Palace (Kronstadt)?

Poyamba inali nyumba yosanja katatu, okoma mu Italy kalembedwe Baroque. wapakamwa yake chokongoletsedwa ndi pilasters, anatsalira-ziboliboli, kukongoletsa mwala Miphika. Denga korona ndi balustrade ndi ziboliboli. Pafupifupi nthawi yofanana ndi nyumba yachifumu Italy, dziwe anali anakumba pamaso pa wapakamwa chachikulu cha nyumbayi. Wazomangamanga Giovanni Fontana Kulikongoletsa akasupe khumi angapo.

dziwe ili, dzina la nyumba yachifumu Italy, anapita pa doko amalonda. Iye anali kwa wintering ngalawa. Pa magombe a cranes ankagwira ntchito ku anachotsa mlongoti ku zombo, ndi chiyambi cha navigation ndi kuziika mu malo awo. Wamalonda ndi gombe anadza zombo za kubweretsa nsomba Nyanja Ladoga. Malonda pa gombe inamangidwa nyumbayi, yomwe akufanana kapangidwe ka nthawi zakale. Iwo ankatchedwa nyumbayi mu chakale mizere kalembedwe Nsomba. Cha m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi atumwi zachifumu Italy kumanga pansi chachinayi.

nyumba zamakono

Moto zimene zinachitika mu 1926, kuwonongedwa zimene si asokoneza ophunzira. nyumbayo obwezeretsedwa, koma si monga mmene pa yakale. Nyumba yachifumu acezela Nyumba ya Red Army, Woyendetsa Sitima Yapamadzi ndi Club, likulu la Baltic zombo. Ndiye pali unali ndi zisudzo. Popeza kuti mapeto a 2011 kowonera zakale panyanja monga nthambi anaperekedwa kwa nyumba Italiya Kronstadt. Akafuna kugwira ntchito kwa mabungwe chikhalidwe ndi wosavuta. Ndi lotseguka ku 8:15 kuti 17:15, ndi yopuma ola nkhomaliro. Loweruka ndi Lamlungu, nyumbayi sachiza.