Buku "Mtima wa Dog": makhalidwe Sharikova. Mpira ndi mipira: makhalidwe poyerekeza

Mu 1925, monga kuyankha zochitika zikuchitika m'dzikoli, panali buku satirical ndi Mikhail Bulgakov "Mtima wa Dog." Ngakhale buku ankafunira ntchito mu "Nedra" magazini, inasindikizidwa yekha mu 1987. N'chifukwa chiyani kuchitika? Tiyeni yesani kuyankha funso ili mwa kupenda chifanizo cha protagonist, ndi mpira Polygraph Polygraphovich.

Chidule cha buku "Mtima wa Dog"

Zochita za mpira ndi amene anakhala chifukwa cha kuyesera - mfundo yofunika kwambiri pa kumvetsa mfundo mankhwala. Moscow Chiwalitsiro pulofesa pamodzi ndi wachiwiri wake Bormental anakonza kuona ngati kumuika amathandiza rejuvenate thupi pituitary England. Kuyesera anaganiza kugwiritsa galu. Wodwala wakufa lumpen Chugunkin. Anadabwa pulofesa, ndi pituitary England sikuti anamugwira, koma kunathandiza kuti kusintha kwa galu zabwino za munthu (kapena tinene kuti cholengedwa yotha). The ndondomeko ya "kupanga" ndicho chiyambi cha nkhani, zomwe zinalembedwa ndi Mikhail Bulgakov "Mtima wa Dog." Mipira, khalidwe la lopatsidwa pansipa, ndiye ikufanana Klim. Ndipo osati maonekedwe komanso mu mtima ndi ulemu. Komanso, ambuye yatsopano ya moyo Shvonder nkhope wokongola msanga anafotokoza Sharikov, kodi ufulu iye ali mu chikhalidwe ndi nyumba ya Professor. Chifukwa, mu dziko bata bwino Chiwalitsiro anayamba mdierekezi. Choyamba mosalongosoka kuchititsa Polygraph Polygraphovich, Ndiyeno amafuna kugwila danga moyo, potsiriza, zinthu zoopsa lotseguka kwa moyo Bormentalja ndi chifukwa kuti pulofesa anali machitidwe iwowo. Ndipo posachedwapa, chabwinobwino galu moyo mu nyumba yake. Ichi ndi chidule cha buku "Mtima wa galu."

Makhalidwe Sharikova limayamba ndi kufotokoza za moyo wa galu pokhala kukatenga pulofesa mu msewu.

moyo Panja galu

Ntchito oyambirira a wolemba limasonyeza yozizira Petersburg mwa maso a galu pokhala wake. Achisanu ndi woonda. Akuda, losapesa tsitsi. mbali imodzi kwambiri kutenthedwa - scalded ndi madzi otentha. Ichi ndi tsogolo la mpira. Mtima wa galu - khalidwe la nyama akusonyeza kuti iye anali mtundu wa mwa iwo amene pambuyo kunapezeka - anayankha soseji, ndi galu anamvera purofesara.

World kwa mpira munali anjala ndi Podzazidwa. Woyamba adakwiya, ndipo ankayesetsa kuvulaza ena. Nthawi zambiri iwo ndi "lackeys wa moyo", ndi galu sanali iwo, wodzitcha yekha "cleanings Human." The chachiwiri, lomwe nthawi yomweyo anatenga pulofesa chochepa poopsa: iwo sanali mantha aliyense, choncho kuponya ena mwendo. Choncho, poyamba anali mipira.

"Mtima wa Dog ndi" ponena za "kunyumba" galu

Kwa sabata ndikukhala m'nyumba ya Chiwalitsiro Mpira zasintha kupitirira kuzindikira. Adatsitsimuka ndipo inasanduka munthu wokongola. Choyamba galu zonse ankachitira ndi kukayikirana nazizwa zoyenera kuchita. Anazindikira kuti basi chifukwa ndi chodziwikiratu kutetezedwa. Koma pa nthawi, kotero atazoloŵera atsimikize ndi ofunda moyo kuti maganizo ake anachita khungu. Tsopano mpira ndi okondwa basi ndi wokonzeka kupirira zinthu zonse, koma iye anatumizidwa.

Professor galu ankalemekeza - pambuyo onse iye ndiye anamutenga iye. Cook anakonda kuyambira nthawi ya ulamuliro wake anali kugwirizana ndi pakati pa munda, umene iye anali. Zina amaona mtumiki amene iye kwenikweni. A Bormentalja, amene anali alumidwa pa mwendo, otchedwa "nip" - Dr. sikuthandiza kuti bwino wake anali. Ngakhale galu chisoni owerenga, titha kale ndikuzindikira ena mwa zinthu zimene khalidwe la chizindikiro kenako Sharikova. Mu buku "Mtima wa Dog ndi" unali chimafotokozera amene yomweyo anakhulupirira boma latsopano kuyembekezera mwadzidzidzi mwa umphawi ndi kukhala "zinthu zonse." Ndicho mpira omwewo kusinthitsa ufulu chakudya ndi chikondi - ngakhale kolala kuvumbitsira kuima pakati agalu ena mu msewu, ndinayamba kuvala ndi kunyada. A moyo zonenepa anamuika galu, wokonzeka kusangalatsa mwini zonse.

Klim Chugunkin

Musanayambe kukamba za wodzigudubuza Polygraph Polygraphovich (dzina anasankha yekha, ndi dzina liri nazo ndi ufulu wa motsatizana), tisaiwale, amene mwiniwake wake. Klim - ndi lumpen lililonse. Iye anali wamng'ono, koma zikuoneka zoipa zovuta. Anali atatu kukhudzidwa m'mbuyomu, anthu onse anali anandipeza kuti ndilibe mlandu kachiwiri, mwa njira - chifukwa cha chiyambi proletarian. Iye anamwalira ndi sitiroko ya mpeni. Ntchito adazichita kusewera balalaika mu malo odyera. Kuledzera, kumwa, chosasamala, kusowa kukoma zonse, makhalidwe oipa, lotseguka parasitism - ". Mtima wa Dog ndi" awa makhalidwe Klima kwathunthu atawonetseredwa mu mawonekedwe a Polygraph Polygraphovich izo zikutsimikizira Sharikova mapangidwe mu buku

Kusintha kwa galu munthu

Pakati pa ntchito ziwiri izo sizinali miyezi itatu. Dr. Bormental mwatsatanetsatane kusintha onse, kunja ndi mkati, chimene chinachitika ndi galu pambuyo opaleshoni. The chifukwa cha humanization anatembenuka chilombo anatengera makhalidwe ndi zikhulupiriro za "makolo". Apa ikulongosola mwachidule Sharikov, galu mtima kumene gwirizana ndi mbali ya proletariat ubongo.

Polygraph Polygraphovich anali ndi maonekedwe zosasangalatsa. Zonse ndinalumbirira ndi wotembereredwa. Klim anapatsidwa kwa iye kumulakalaka balalaika ndiponso kuchita naye kuyambira m'mawa mpaka usiku, iye sanali kuganiza za mpumulo wa ena. Ine chidakwa, fodya, mbewu ya mpendadzuwa. Pakuti nthawi zonse ndipo osati anazolowera kuti dongosolo. Kuchokera galu Ine anatengera chikondi chakudya chabwino ndi kudana ndi amphaka, aulesi ndi zitetezeke. Ndipo ngati galu anali akadali zotheka azikopa, ndi Polygraph Polygraphovich moyo umene ena zachilendo - maganizo kotereku kumabweretsa khalidwe Mpira ndi mpira.

"Mtima wa Dog" akusonyeza wodzikonda ndi oipa anali protagonist, sazindikira kuti n'zosavuta kupeza chilichonse chomwe akufuna. Ndi maganizo ake okha analimbitsa pamene iye anakomana abwenzi atsopano.

Shvonder udindo "ulili" Sharikova

Professor ndi wachiwiri wake nayesa kuphunzitsa cholengedwa, amene analengedwa kuyitanitsa, zodyera ndi zina zotero. N., Koma Sharikov naglel mu maso ake sanathe kuona kutsogolo kwa inu zotchinga. A udindo wapadera mu izi nyimbo ndi Shvonder. Monga wapampando wa komiti ya House, iye anali ankakonda Chiwalitsiro wanzeru kale zomwe Professor semikomnatnoy ankakhala nyumba n'kupitiriza maganizo akale a dziko. Tsopano wasankha kugwiritsa ntchito polimbana Sharikov. Mu hallooing wake Polygraph Polygraphovich atadziika yekha amafotokozera ntchito ndipo anafuna kuonetsetsa mangawa mamita lalikulu. Kenako mu Vasnetsov nyumba, ukhaenda kukwatira. Pomaliza, mothandizidwa ndi pulofesa wa Shvonder nthano zongopeka ndi monyenga.

Iye alinso wapampando wa komiti ya Nyumba anapereka Sharikov pa udindowo. Ndipo tsopano, galu otsiriza, atavala zikopa jekete, anayamba kugwira amphaka ndi agalu, kumverera chimwemwe izo.

kachiwiri Mpira

Koma zonse ndi malire. Pamene mpira Bormentalja anaukira ndi mfuti, pulofesa ndi dokotala, popanda mawu pomvetsetsana, ntchito kumene anayamba. Chilombo kwaiye osakaniza kapolo kutsitsimuka, mipira mwayi ndi ofuna mwamwano Klima anawonongedwa. Patapita masiku angapo, vuto lililonse wokongola galu ankakhala nyumba kachiwiri. A analephera zatsopano mankhwala ndi kwachilengedwenso zafotokozedwa yosangalatsa kwambiri wolemba amacheza ndi makhalidwe vuto, zomwe zimathandiza kumvetsa Mpira ndi mipira. makhalidwe poyerekeza ( "Mtima wa galu," Mawu a Sakharov - "munthu Zotengera mwaluso ndiponso otentha") ambaaonesa mmene koopsa ndi kugonjetsa dera la anthu zachilengedwe ndi ubwenzi chikhalidwe. Ndi kuya kwa tanthauzo la ntchitoyo chifukwa kuti nkhani za anthu otchulidwa gay mu kusinthika kwa zaka kubwera pansi chiletso cha apolisi.

kutanthauza buku

"Mtima wa Dog" - khalidwe Sharikova umboni - akufotokoza oopsa chodabwitsa chikhalidwe, magwero Soviet Union pambuyo zisinthe. Anthu ngati khalidwe waukulu, ankakonda mphamvu ndi kuwonongedwa ndi zochita zawo zabwino chomwe chinasintha mwa anthu kwa zaka zambiri. Moyo ena whistleblowing, mwamwano kwa ophunzira, aluntha - izi ndi zochitika zofanana inayamba mu makumi a ponseponse.

M'pofunika kudziwa mmodzi kwambiri mfundo zofunika. Kuyesera Chiwalitsiro - ndi phukusi mu njira yachibadwa ya chilengedwe zomwe kachiwiri zikutsimikizira buku "Mtima wa Dog" Mbali Sharikova. Professor amadziwa kuti pambuyo pa zonse zimene zachitika ndipo akusankha kukonza cholakwa chakecho. Komabe, zinthu zambiri zovuta mu moyo weniweniwo. Ndipo pofuna kusintha anthu kudzera chosintha chiwawa silingayende bwino. N'chifukwa chake mankhwala sasiya kugwirizana lero, ngati chenjezo kwa anthu a m'nthawi yake ndi mbadwa.