Boleslaw Prus, "Farao": mbiri ya chilengedwe cha buku la, mavuto, ndi chidule cha mayankho

Mu May 1895, anamaliza ntchito pa buku latsopano wotchuka Polish novelist Boleslaw Prus. "Farao" - kuti unali mutu wa buku yotsala otchuka lero.

Background akulemba buku

XIX m'ma sanali nthawi yabwino Poland. Kutha kwa chikhalidwe kuyesa kupasula chinenero Polish, vuto la wamba ndi antchito, msonkho wokwera, katangale ndi malamulo chakale - zonsezi kupewedwa Rzeczpospolita ayambanso wamphamvu.

A mbadwa ya osauka olemekezeka mtundu wa Boleslaw Prus pa nthawi apadera ntchito, amene anaukitsa nkhani ya tsiku. Choncho, ambiri anadabwa kuti pa pachimake, iye analemba buku la "Farao" Egypt.

Roman Boleslaw Prus aziwapatsa ochokera zikalata zenizeni za mbiri yakale, kuti akonze tanthauzo la chi. Kuwerenga nkhani zokhudza mavuto a Egypt, ambiri sadziwa kuti wolemba aluso ananamizira kufufuza mavuto a Poland chi pansi pa amati ndi dziko la Iguputo XI atumwi. BC

Poyamba buku la linasindikizidwa mu "Yojambulidwa Weekly" magazini. Koma zaka 2 kenako anamasulidwa magazini osiyana "Farao" (buku). Boleslaw Prus (chidule cha mankhwala pano m'nkhani) ndinkagwira ntchito pa buku pachaka (1895-1896).

nkhani

Nkhani limayamba ndi chakuti wolamulira wa Igupto watero mwana wake Ramses wolowa ku Mpandowachifumu. mnyamata makumi awiri kale kupanga mapulani monga kutsitsimutsa ulemerero wakale wa fuko. Mdani wake wamkulu wa mnyamata wapeza mphamvu Herhor, omwe si bambo nkhondo mtumiki, komanso mkulu wa ansembe wa kachisi wa Amun.

Akodwa mu koyilo intrigue ndi predatelstv, achinyamata kalonga Egypt igwera mu losavuta Myuda Sarah. Mosiyana ndi miyambo, iye amapanga mdzakazi wake woyamba.

Posachedwa Sarah abala mwana wa Network, koma Ramses anali atataya kale chidwi, monga kugwa m'chikondi ndi wansembe wa mulungu Asitaroti Kama.

Prince amakopeka mochenjera ntchito ndi Foinike, Aiguputo ankakamiza kuti amenyane Asuri. Patapita nthawi, kuthandiza kuti akagwire Ramses Kama. Izo basi ubwenzi wosatenga chimwemwe ngwazi: chikondi chatsopano anawamasulira wodzikonda osaneneka. Pamafunika kuti Sarah ndi ukonde achotsedwa nyumba yachifumu. Pamene izi sizingatheke, kamera anatumiza wokonda ake kupha Likoni Network.

Pambuyo pa imfa ya mwana wake, Kalonga wa Egypt wotaya bambo wake ndipo Farao. Kukugwa mvula pansi pa mavuto onse m'dzikolo. Ngakhale zokhota wa ansembe, ndi chuma chopanda, Ramses kulimbana bwino poyamba. Koma kuchepa wokonda ndalama kumupanga iye mwamseri akukonzekera kuukira ansembe a chuma, kukonzekera, chotero alemere Egypt, ndi kumana akuluakulu mpikisano.

Koma Herhor amalowerera kuononga Farao, ndi kuwapanga anthu amadana wolamulira wawo. Kenako anabzala kuti Ramses Likon wamupha, Farao watsopano yekha kukhala wansembe, kukwatira mayi wa Ramses mfumukazi Nitocris. Iye limafotokoza mphamvu uzimu ndi wathupi m'manja mwawo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito chuma cha ansembe Herhor kumalimbitsa dziko, umabweretsa mtendere ndi anansi ake, amasunga dziko la Iguputo, ndipo muyika mumachitidwe ambiri malingaliro Ramses. Iye akukhala woyambitsa wa mafumu atsopano a mafumu a ku Igupto ndipo dziko akubwereranso ku ulemerero wake wakale.

atchulidwa

Pakati pa buku, amene analemba Boleslaw Prus - Farao Ramses XIII. Iye ndi idealist ndi chikondi, amene anakumana ndi zinthu zopweteka, musataye mtima. Izi ngwazi okongola mkulu, koma sadziwa chochitika zandale komanso nzeru.

M'chikondi Ramses wosakhazikika - amaitana chipatso choletsedwa. Sarah iye sakanakhoza chikondi chifukwa cha chiyambi chake, ndi Kama - chakuti iye anali wansembe. Komabe, mnyamatayo anacititsa akazi awiri, popeza zothetsera mavuto onse, koma posakhalitsa chidwi mwa iye. Chikondi lotsiriza la ngwazi za anakwatiwa ndi mkulu wa alonda Thutmose Hebron. Iye analinso iye chipatso choletsedwa, koma analibe nthawi Imanyansidwa, chifukwa ngwazi anaphedwa kale.

Ramses mdani - Wansembe Herhor. Iye ndi kawiri monga anyamata achikulire ndi zambiri ndi wochenjera kwambiri ndi nkhani. wansembe aliyense anasolola imfa yake mu chigonjetso. Ngakhale chithunzi ichi ndi zoipa, pamapeto iye ndiye amabweretsa mtendere ndi chitukuko ku Egypt. Owerenga zinachititsa kuti mfundo imeneyi Boleslaw Prus: Farao, kaya chiyambi, ayenera kukhala wandale, osati wofuna wolota.

otchulidwa yaikazi buku la anawerengedwa ofooka ndi kutumikira monga maziko a. Sarah - wofatsa ndi wachikondi amafuna Ramses mkazi amakhalabe okhulupirika kwa iye mpaka imfa. Ngakhale naivety ndi mtsikana uyu nthawi zina anzeru kuposa kalonga, koma chifukwa cha kupanda kutchuka ndi mwana wake umakhala poona zokhota.

Kama, mu otsutsa Sarah, amadziwa mtengo wake. Popeza anagonjetsa wolowa nyumba, iye chiyembekeza kukhala wamphamvu. Lotengeka ndi zikhumbo zake, iye wakhala yekha ndi Ramses Atakhala kapolo wa ansembe kubwezera.

mavuto

Chifukwa nthawi yake kuti ankachita zinthu "Farao" (buku). Boleslaw Prus mu ntchito yake kutsutsa ufumu monga dongosolo la boma. Zinali wolimba kwambiri, chifukwa mu 1895 ambiri a dziko ankalamulidwa ndi mafumu, ndi ochepa ankakhulupirira kuti zinthu zidzasintha.

Monga mbadwa ya fuko lomveka imawonongeka, amene akwaniritsa kutchuka ndi ndalama ndi ntchito zawo, iye ankadziwa zambiri zokhudza makhalidwe a anthu olemekezeka Boleslaw Prus. "Farao" pa nkhani ya Ramses zikusonyeza kuti iwo anali kutali kwa anthu mavuto awo mafumu. Chifukwa cha protagonist anatembenuka okonda wolamulira. Pofuna otchuka, iye anali kuyesera kuti angakokere dzikoli kukhala nkhondo yoopsayo.

Ramses kwenikweni anayamba mu Iguputo, nkhondo yapachiweniweni, kutenga ndalama kwa ansembe. Adakali kalonga, analamulira wotsika Egypt, koma kumvetsera madandaulo wosatha mwamsanga kutopa Farao m'tsogolo. Komanso ankaona yekha pamwamba pa lamulo. Kuti akazi zofunika, Ramses mosavuta akuphwanya maziko zaka zakubadwa ndi malamulo.

Kuwonjezera Mafumu, kudzudzulidwa mu buku ndi atsogoleri Boleslaw Prus. "Farao" choonadi yonyansa za ansembe. Iwo amaoneka ngati charlatans wankhanza, akamakonda mphamvu ndi chuma. Zodabwitsa komaliza: sneaky Herhor anakhala Farao anali bwanamkubwa bwino kuposa Ramses mfulu.

Komanso nkhani lonse, Prus mu ntchito yake ndipo zikusonyeza tsoka la munthu. The protagonist simungapeze malo awo kapena m'manja mwa akazi, a kachikhulupiriro kalikonse kapena ndale.

Boleslaw Prus "Farao": Ndemanga

Atangoyamba buku la buku la wapeza bwino loti. Ndipo XX m'ma zinthuzo chosintha. Yakhala mwamsanga kuposa kale.

"Farao" anali kuyamba kuthawa bwino ndi ndemanga kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XIX. Ndipo m'zaka za m'ma XX. Ndipo ngakhale mu mileniamu latsopano. Ngakhale ena zolakwika mbiri, owerenga padziko lonse kuganizira mankhwala Prus limodzi la mafanizo zabwino za moyo wa Iguputo.

mosamala

Pa tsiku la 70 kuyambira nthawi ya kulemba Zitsulo buku anaganiza kuti filimu izo. Mu 1966 anadza eponymous filimu. Iye anatembenuka mwanaalirenji, amene anali asankha kuti "Oscar". Mwa njira, ntchito anachita filimu anatengera a Kama Polish Ammayi Barbara Brylska wodziwika kwa Russian omvetsera kwa filimu "Izitu n'zovutitsa wa Choikidwiratu."

Aliyense mankhwala nthawi zonse pamayeso a nthawi ya wanzeru zaka, sasiya zoyenerera. Boleslaw Prus buku "Farao" wadutsa yesero ili bwinobwino ndipo pafupifupi 120 zaka, akupitiriza chidwi owerenga padziko lonse.