Bolshoi Theatre kumene? Mbiri ya Bolshoi Theater

The zisudzo wotchuka mu Russia ndi ochitira masewero otchuka mu dziko - ndi bwalo lalikulu la zisudzo. Ali dziko la zisudzo waukulu? Chabwino, ndithudi, mu mzinda waukulu - mu Moscow. repertoire lili zisudzo ndi kuvina zisudzo za Russian ndi achilendo analemba zachikhalidwe. Kupatula repertoire chakale, bwaloli nthawi zonse kuyesa chuma nzeru ndi zamakono. Mbiri ya Bolshoi Theatre wolemera kwambiri ndi ogwirizana ndi mayina a anthu ofunika kwa dziko lathu. Mu March 2015 zamasewero wachita zaka 239.

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

The kholo la Bolshoi Theatre imatengedwa Prince Potr Vasilevich Urusov, iye anali wozenga mlandu akuzigawo ndi pa nthawi yomweyo ali zisudzo zake gululo. Iye anali yekhayo amene anali kuloledwa bungwe zisudzo, adziwonetsera, zoimbaimba komanso zosangalatsa zina. Kuposa aliyense saloledwa kuchita kanthu yakuti palibe mpikisano wa kalonga. Koma mwayi umenewu chikangoperekedwa pa iye ndi udindo - kumanga nyumba yokongola kampani, zomwe zikanati zidzachitike maganizo onse. Panali mnzake wa dzina Prince Maddox, amene adali mlendo, adaphunzitsa masamu pa Grand Duke Paulo - tsogolo la Mfumu Russian. Mu kugwa m'chikondi ndi yausangalatsi, iye anatsalira mu Russia ndi kumvetsa chitukuko cha bwalo lamasewera. Prince Urusov analephera kumanga zisudzo, monga imawonongeka zisudzo chilolezo chofukizira, komanso udindo kumanga nyumba, anasamukira ku Maddox, chifukwa mmenemo anamanga Grand Theatre. Kodi zamasewero analengedwa ndi Maddox, kudziwika kwa nzika iliyonse lachiwiri la Russia, izo ili ku mphambano za muholo Square ndi Petrovka.

zisudzo Building

Kumangira bwalo lamasewera Maddox anasankha dziko a Prince Rostockiy kuti ndi owomboledwa. Ichi chinali msewu ndi dzina la Peter, ndi chiyambi, apa ndi Big zisudzo inamangidwa. Adliesi Theatre tsopano - Theatre Square, 1. zisudzo anamangidwa nthawi umboni, mu miyezi 5 basi, ngakhale kwa nthawi yathu ndi umisiri wamakono onse ndi zomangira ndi zodabwitsa ndi zidzasintha. Iye anayamba ntchito yomanga wa zisudzo kumanga Mkhristu Roseburg. The zisudzo anali zokongola mkati, anthuwo anadabwa ndi kukongola kwake, ndi wapakamwa nyumbayo, M'malo mwake, anali wodzichepetsa, unremarkable ndi pafupifupi konse chokongoletsedwa. The zisudzo nalo dzina lake loyamba - Petrovsky.

Inayambira Theater

Milimo ya Bolshoi Theatre chinamasulidwa mu 1780, pa December 30. Lero ndi tsiku loyamba ntchito gululo mu nyumba yake. mapepala onse analemba okha kutsegula kwa, ambuye zisudzo ndi wotchuka mapulani monga munthu Kuthokoza anamwazikana ku nyumbayi, kufotokoza izo monga olimba, chachikulu, ndakuwonetserani, wokongola, otetezeka ndi wapamwamba m'zonse owonetsera wotchuka mu Europe. Bwanamkubwa wa mzinda anasangalala kwambiri ndi kumanga mwayi kuti, amene anapereka Maddox lamanja la zisangalalo, anawonjezera zaka 10.

Chokongoletsera mkati

Kuchita maganizo wozungulira holo inamangidwa, otchedwa rotunda. Holo anali chokongoletsedwa ndi kalirole ambiri wokutidwa makumi awiri chandeliers krustalo. Anaikira holo lokha Maddox. Near siteji, monga momwe anali kuyembekezera, oimba dzenje inali. Pafupi powonekera anali chimbudzi alendo ulemu wa zisudzo ndi kuyima oonera, ambiri a iwo anali eni ake a troupes m'linga. maganizo awo anali ofunika kwa Medox, pachifukwa ichi anawapempha kuti azivala rehearsals, kenako iwo anabweretsa zokambirana za zisudzo m'tsogolo.

Mu chaka cha zisudzo limasonyeza 100 zisudzo. Buy matikiti kuchitila imodzi kunali kosatheka, kuti zisudzo omvera anagula muzimvetsera pachaka.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, zisudzo osonkhana anakula, phindu kukhala zochepa, zisudzo anayamba kutuluka zisudzo ndi nyumbayo kugwera kuwonongeka. Chifukwa mu nyumba yaikulu pa sewero anakhala pagulu ndipo anatenga dzina latsopano - Imperial.

likamalowa zosakhalitsa

Mbiri ya Bolshoi Theatre sanali wokongola kwambiri, anali momwemo, ndipo mphindi zomvetsa chisoni. Mu 1805 zamasewero yapsya papita zaka 25 linakhalapo. Asungidwa katundu zobala makoma ndi mbali. Kumanganso linayamba mu 1821, pamene Moscow zinachitikadi atachira nkhondo ya asilikali Napoleonic. The wamanga waukulu amene anatumidwa kuti abwezeretse chigawo chapakati cha mzindawo, kuphatikizapo bwalo lamasewera, anali Osip Bove. Iye anali Albucasis, anaikira m'misewu anayamba adzamangidwa mu njira ina, ndipo tsopano zinyumba akhala amanyalanyaza msewu osati mkati bwalo. Bove anatsogolera kubwezeretsedwa kwa Red Square, Alexander Garden, malo pafupi bwalo lamasewera. Kumanganso wa Bolshoi Theatre anali bwino kwambiri ntchito yake. The nyumba yatsopano inamangidwa kalembedwe Ufumu. Malinga m'nthawi ya mmisiri, monga Phoenix wauka phulusa la Bolshoi Theatre.

The okwerera sitima ali pafupi kwambiri zisudzo, kotero ati zisudzo ndi yabwino kuyambira Msikiti Moscow.

Kukhazikitsanso nyumba zisudzo

Kubwezeretsa zisudzo inayamba mu 1821 ndipo zinatha zaka zingapo. Poyamba, dongosolo kusinthidwa zisudzo nyumba cholinga ndi wotchuka St. Petersburg wamanga Andrei Mikhailov, Bwanamkubwa wa Moscow wavomereza dongosolo. Mikhailov zachitika nyumba zisudzo mu mawonekedwe a rectangle, ndipo Kukhonde la mizati isanu ndi Apollo pa gareta wake pamwamba pa pakhonde panali, holo envisaged anthu okwana awiri. Osip Bove reworked Mikhailova ntchito kumene Bolshoi Theatre anali m'munsi, anasintha anapangira nyumbayi. Beauvais komanso adaganiza kuti adzaikidwa pansi loyamba la pavilions kugula, ngati lingaliro kuti unsightly. Nyumba anakhala Mipikisano storey, chokongoletsera holo - wolemera. Zofunika nyumba zowulutsira anali anaona. Pa Beauvais anali ngakhale lingaliro kwambiri choyambirira - kupanga galasi nsalu yotchinga, koma kuzindikira mfundo imeneyi, ndithudi, n'zosatheka, popeza ngati nsalu yotchinga kuti amazipanga kovuta.

kubadwanso mwatsopano

Kukhazikitsanso zisudzo anamaliza ndi mapeto a 1824, anakongoletsa zisudzo nyumba inakhazikitsidwa January 1825. Sewerolo woyamba umene pulogalamuyi chinali mbali ya kuvina "Sandrilona" makamaka zinalembedwa kuti kutsegula kwa zisudzo ndi Alyabiev Verstovsky oyamba "m'chigonjetso mwa Muses." Beauvais anali nawo chidwi, omvera moni ndi phokoso la kuwomba m'manja poyamikira. The zisudzo latsopano zinali zodabwitsa chabe kukongola kwake. Tsopano, zisudzo unkatchedwa "Bolshoi Petrovsky Theatre". zisudzo onse ed nthawizonse opambana. Tsopano kwambiri wanzeru anali Bolshoi Theatre.

Metro - njira yabwino kwambiri kufika Bolshoi Theatre. Siteshoni pafupi bwalo lamasewera - ndi "Theatre" siteshoni "utasintha Square", "Okhotny Ryad" ndi "Alexander Garden". Tichisankhe siteshoni - zimadalira poyambira wa njira.

Apanso moto

M'chaka cha 1853 mu zisudzo zinagwira moto, iye anali amphamvu kwambiri ndipo unatenga masiku awiri. kumwamba kotero waphimbika mu wakuda utsi kuti chinaoneka kulikonse mzinda. Pa Theatre Square anasungunuka chisanu onse. nyumbayi yapsya pafupifupi mwathunthu, kusiya kokha malinga katundu zobala ndi Kukhonde. The moto anawononga akanema, zovala, nyimbo laibulale, zoimbira, Pakati panali Nthawi zina. Apanso kuonongeka ndi moto Bolshoi Theatre.

Kodi zamasewero, sikunali kovuta kupeza, izo lili Theatre Square ndi pafupi icho zambiri zokopa: Maly Drama Theatre, Youth Theatre, Theatre School Shchepkin, Cabaret "Metropol" Nyumba ya mabungwe, Okhotny Ryad, Store Dipatimenti moyang'anana zisudzo ndi Karl chipilala Marx.

ntchito yobwezeretsa

Wazomangamanga amene anali nawo ku chitsitsimutso cha zisudzo moyo, anali Albert Cavos, pa ntchito yakeyo anamanga Mariinsky Theater ku St. Petersburg. Mwatsoka, wamanga izi anapulumuka mudziwe pang'ono. Ndalama adzabwezeretse bwalo lamasewera sikunali kokwanira, koma ntchito patsogolo mwamsanga ndipo anatenga zochuluka kuposa chaka. zisudzo The linatsegulidwa pa August 20, 1856, tsopano ankatchedwa "Great Imperial Theatre." Sewerolo kuyamba wa zisudzo kubwezeretsedwa anali kuimba nyimbo za opera "Ine Puritani" ndi wolemba Italy Vincenzo Bellini. Pakuti zisudzo latsopano anali ndi mzimu wosiyana. The m'tauni ankaganiza kuti iye anali wokongola komanso wodzikuza iye, ngati akatswiri ndi mapulani, ena mwa iwo ankaona kuti kukhazikitsanso imachitika Kavos, osiyana kwambiri ndi zimene zisudzo pakati Mikhailov ndi Beauvais, makamaka pamakoma ndi ena mkati. M'pofunikanso kupereka msonkho kwa katswiri wa zomangamanga, kudzera kukonzanso wake wa holo zowulutsira wa Bolshoi Theatre wakhala imodzi yabwino ku dziko.

Mu zisudzo sanali zisudzo yekha, pali mipira ndi adziwonetsera. Kotero anali Bolshoi Theatre. Adliesi Theatre - City Moscow, Theatre Square, 1.

lero

M'zaka za m'ma 20 zisudzo anabwera mu chikhalidwe mwachilungamo dilapidated, maziko a zinagwa ndi ming'alu pa makoma. Koma zojambulidwa angapo ikuchitika pa bwalo lamasewera m'zaka za m'ma 20, mmodzi amene inatha posachedwapa (inatenga zaka 6), anachita ntchito yawo - ndipo tsopano zisudzo kumawala mbali zake zonse. The repertoire a zisudzo, kuwonjezera ku masewero a ndi ballets, ndi operettas m'gulu. Ndipo mukhoza kutenga malo a bwalo lamasewera - kuwona holo ndi angapo nyumba zina zosangalatsa kwambiri. Man newcomer amene akufuna kukaona Bolshoi Theatre, kumene mwina mabvuto kupeza, ngakhale mfundo ndi mu mtima wa mzinda ndi kupeza izo sizidzakhala zovuta, Suli kutali ndi izo pali kukopa wina likulu, amene amadziwika padziko lonse - Red m'deralo.

Mlendo amaonetsa za Bolshoi Theater

A nambala yaikulu oonera anapita Bolshoi Theatre. Reviews oyamikira oonera kusiya ambiri, kuphatikizapo Intaneti. Iwo kulemba za zisudzo zodabwitsa za zisudzo, za mawu osangalatsa a woyimba, ndi maganizo zimene zinachitika mu miyoyo yawo pambuyo kuyendera zisudzo kusonyeza changu chawo mwa kuchita masewera, kutama zovala zokongola ndi zokongola. The zisudzo kukaona osati Russia, ndi pakati alendo yachilendo amodzi mwa malo otchuka kwambiri kumene iwo anali pachangu kuti pali anafika ku Moscow. An adherent za upamwamba ndi Albucasis - izi zonse Bolshoi Theatre.

Kodi kufika zisudzo pa galimoto? Izi zidalira pa kumene mungapite. Pali zingapo zimene mungachite kuti njira: mukhoza kudutsa mumsewu Mokhovaya - imbaendesa mwachindunji muholo Square; kapena kudzera Tver; koma ngati ife tichoke Petrovka, n'zotheka galimoto mpaka pakhomo la bwalo lamasewera.