Troubadour - ichi ... Serenade Troubadour

Troubadour - ndi minstrel, kapena ndakatulo-woimba, amene amakhala ndi kugwira ntchito pa nthawi inayake mu malo ena. More makamaka - mu Provence XI-XII zaka. akuti likuchokera ku mneni trobar, amene amachoka mu Provencal (kapena Chiokitani) amatanthauza "kulemba."

malo troubadours ndi

Provence (mbiri kudera ili kum'mwera-kum'mawa kwa dziko) ndi chopunthira cha chikhalidwe French komanso zilandiridwenso wa minstrels wa Middle Ages okhwima maziko a chinenero zolembalemba - Romanesque. Iwo akhoza amanena kuti troubadour - n'zofanana mwachindunji alakatuli onse Catalonia ndi kumpoto Italy, komanso minnesingers nalemekeza chikondi trouveres, akale epic ndakatulo, ndi Dante, ndi onse amene anabwera pambuyo pake. Mu zaka XI-XII kuti anakumana ndi chuma Provence kwambiri, ndipo pambuyo pake - ndi chitsitsimutso chikhalidwe. Pali mtundu wapadera wa khoti zodyera a chivalry zochokera luso zinthu pa anthu, kuti chidwi ndi kupambana mitima ya akazi okongola, mpembedzeni wokondedwa monga chizindikiro ndi kuchita zinthu zotchuka ndipo anamanganso chifukwa cha izo. Provencal ndakatulo, kutumikira ndi mumangire muyezo anthu onse ozungulira, anaimba matamando a Knights, amene atha kutumikira ngati dona wokongola.

Kubadwa kwa azimuth latsopano mabuku

Mu chiphunzitso zambiri za troubadour - ndakatulo courtly, amene ntchito predominated mwambo madona. Olemba ndi asangalatsi ntchito adadzikweza atumiki ndi atumiki akazi anamuyamikira otchuka, kukongola, zimachita, ndi ubwino, komanso Machitidwe anachita m'dzina la Ankhondo a mfumukazi mtima. Tikumbukenso kuti, mosiyana kwa epic amunamuna amalemekeza ungwazi anthu, troubadour ndakatulo atsimikiza kukula kwa chikumbumtima payekha. otchulidwa zapadera monga Tristan kapena Ankhondo a Round Table, kuchita zimene anachita mu dzina la ankakonda akazi. Akukhulupirira kuti troubadour woyamba, wotchedwa, Guillaume anali IX, Duke wa Aquitaine. Mu nkhani iyi, Troubadour - ndi choyenera dzina la luso ndi bwino ndakatulo, amene linapereka kwa mabuku wonse French.

Oimira mabuku courtly

Pakuti loyamba ndakatulo-oimba a Provence ndi Gocelmo Fedi, Peire Vidal, Giraut de A Bornelh, Giraut Riker ndi ena. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti troubadours anali akazi. Ife tikudziwa mayina a 17. Wotchuka kwambiri wa iwo - Beatrice de A okayikitsa. Komanso, m'zaka XII, kulamulira feuds zikuluzikulu, amene anali kuyang'anira chintchito, zaluso, wadutsa mu manja a akazi. Mwachibadwa, mu County la Carcassonne, ndi Duchy wa Aquitaine, mu Nîmes, Narbonne ndi Bezerskom vikonstvah luso ndi mabuku unafalikira ulamuliro wa madona mu pachimake zonse. Imodzi mwa ntchito wotchuka mabuku courtly chimaonedwabe "Lancelot" Chrétien de A Troyes. A buku mu ndime limawayamikira chikondi cha Mfumukazi Dzhinerve, mkazi wa lodziwika bwino Arthur, ndipo ntchito chifukwa cha izo, anachita wina wa Ankhondo wotchuka wa Round Table Lancelot.

mbali zapadera troubadours zilandiridwenso

Minstrel angakhale munthu amene ali ndi luso kulemba impromptu ndipo ali ndi choimbira. Iye amayenera kudziwa uthenga onse, makamaka bwalo, ndi luso osyasyalika wochenjera. Kwenikweni, troubadours anaimba chikondi, masika, chimwemwe cha moyo. Ndipo ngakhale Albigensian Kampeni (zaka 1209-1229 mndandanda makampeni anayesetsa zinayambitsa chisokonezo) kwathunthu unatha moyo wawo, izi oimba, olemba ndakatulo ndi akulemba nyimbo tasiya cholowa kwambiri chikhalidwe ndi kukumbukira kwambiri yekha. Kuti zilandiridwenso, chitsitsimutso kukondana suzimitsidwa, ndipo mu nthawi yathu. Dzina la woimba ndi ndakatulo "troubadour" zikumveka zabwino, koma masiku amenewo panali mayina ambiri: trouveres, minstrel, bard ndi minnesinger. Ndi mtundu wanyimbo, makamaka analemekeza troubadours makamaka canzone ndi Sirvent, kulira ndi Albian pastorela, tensona ballad. Zonsezi osiyana thupi ndi mutu nyimbo, koma iwo amagwirizana ndi kukongola kwa maonekedwe amafananirako kuvomerezedwa molondola. Zolembedwa zomwe zilipo, pali mpaka 500 maina troubadours, 40 amene amadziwika kuti mafani ndi connoisseurs a ndakatulo. Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma XIV, mfundo "troubadour" aiwala, koma alakatuli Achikondi ku ntchito yake anakadandaula ku cholowa cha minstrels akale, ndi chidwi mu iwo linaphulika ndi mphamvu zatsopano. Ndi wamkulu Italy Wolemba wina dzina lake imodzi katswiri wake wa mawu amenewa.

The kuonera sewero wamkulu

"Il Trovatore" Dzhuzeppe Verdi za zisudzo kwambiri, olembedwa kuti libretto mwa Salvatore Cammarano bwenzi lake ndipo anaona kuwala mu 1853, pambuyo pa imfa ya librettist wakhala mmodzi wa ntchito yaikulu ya George. Verdi. Ngakhale zotchulidwa izo, za m'ma XV, khoti ndakatulo-woimba, Manrico, ndi protagonist ntchito lotchedwa troubadour. Ntchito imeneyi inali inde Wolemba pa ndime ndi a masewero a wake monga "Rigoletto" ndi "La Traviata." Wolemba kotero analanda lingaliro la sewero A. G. Guteresa, ndi Spanish Wolemba wina, kuti nyimbo zonse kwa sewero la wosafa analemba kuti masiku 29. "Troubadour" - zikuluzikulu, lomwe linayamba kuonetsedwa ku Rome pa January 19, 1853, nthawi yomweyo unakhala wotchuka kwambiri, ndipo anagonjetsa lonse la Europe. nyimbo Wodabwitsa, solos kwambiri udawaphimba famously anapotoza intrigue za chiwembu, amene anali nawo Majipise kuba ana Chiwerengero, chikondi pakati pa abale awiri, mkazi mmodzi, duel pakati pawo, imfa ya pafupifupi onse amene akutchulidwa. Panali zambiri nkhani ya nthawi zonse. Wosafa za zisudzo zimapangitsa nyimbo kokha wosayerekezeka Dzhuzeppe Verdi.

Chitsitsimutso chidwi m'njira Soviet Union

Mu dziko lathu, dzina la "troubadour" alemekezedwe mwa zojambula wotchuka, Part 1 limene linasindikizidwa mu 1969, ndipo 2 - mu 1973. Troubadour za "Bremen Town Oimba Nyimbo" wakhala mmodzi wa anthu otchulidwa wotchuka zojambula. Bwino yaikulu kwambiri gawo loyamba, anauziridwa ndi maphwando a nkhani za Abale Grimm, upezeke olemba Yuri Entin, Vasily Livanov, Wolemba Gennady Gladkov kwa chilengedwe malangizo, imene inkatchedwa "Mu mapazi a Bremen Town Oimba Nyimbo". Ngakhale gawo lachiwiri analibe kanthu kochita ndi ofalitsa kwambiri German, kunapezeka ndimasewera, chidwi ndi osachepera ankakonda Soviet amaonetsa kuposa poyamba.

Makhalidwe yemweyo: Mfumukazi ndi Troubadour, mphaka galu, bulu ndi tambala - kupitiriza ulendo wawo. Ubwino mwina mbali ziwiri ndi nyimbo.

Zodabwitsa Soviet Troubadour

mibadwo ingapo anakulira nyimbo zimenezi, iwo ndi amazipanga wotchuka ndi kuzindikira. Serenade Troubadour "The ray a golide dzuwa ..." kupitiriza kwa zojambula, wodzala ndi Muslim Magomayev anakhala mwaluso nyimbo. Komanso, woimba mu gawo ili adawomba zambiri wanzeru ofufuza ndi atamansha. nyimbo zawo anazindikira ndi okondedwa ndi omvera. Mwina chifukwa cha zojambula, ndi kaŵirikaŵiri anachita ku repertoire zinthu woimba odabwitsa amene ali ngakhale nyimbo - ndi akumenyetsa kugunda. Serenade Troubadour, pamodzi ndi "Melody", "ukwati", "Nocturne", analowa chuma cha siteji dziko. Nyimbo "The ray a golide dzuwa ..." anabweretsa M. Magomayev ndi mphoto "Best kanema" 2008.