Block silicate: makhalidwe, ntchito ndi ndemanga

Chimodzi mwa zida wamkulu ntchito zomangamanga, amene ntchito ndi anthu kwa zaka zambiri, ndi njerwa. Kuyambira kale njira yopanga yake pafupifupi sanasinthe, koma lero izi zakuthupi - mmodzi wa ambiri ntchito yomanga. Komabe, ndi chitukuko cha umisiri atsopano anayamba latsopano zosintha njerwa wagawo, limene ambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito ndi chipika silicate.

zinthu zamakono

Anthu osadziwa zinthu zomangamanga, njerwa lagawidwa mitundu iwiri: woyera ndi wofiira. Red njerwa mu chinenero akatswiri otchedwa ceramic ndi woyera ndi chipika silicate. chipika White anaonekera pa zomangira msika zimakhalanso posachedwapa. Pa nkhani imeneyi, izo sizingakhoze kudzitama yemweyo wolemera mbiri ngati njerwa ceramic. midadada silicate Komabe, mwachangu kugwira ceramic pa ntchito ziwerengero ndi zaka zochepa, iwo akhala olimba zakuthupi.

Wall silicate chipika ntchito monga mkulu-nyamuka ndi otsika-nyamuka yomanga: a zomangamanga mkati ndi kunja pamwambapa nthaka mbali ya mpanda, ducts mpweya (m'kachipinda kaja), makoma mu mafakitale ndi zogona nyumba, malo, mosungira, mipanda, nyumba munda. zizindikiro nyumbayi analetsa erection izi chuma nyumba plinth, imagwilitsila njerwa zofiira.

Kuchita ntchito ndi nkhaniyo ili yofunika kuti mudziwe kusiyana silicate atilakwira. makhalidwe awo malingana kapangidwe ndi kudziwa komwe malo a ntchito yawo.

midadada White anawagawa mitundu pa magawo awiri:

• Kapangidwe.
• Pangano.

kapangidwe midadada

Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka midadada silicate njerwa ndi:

1. Corpulent - monolithic Nkhani imene chiwerengero cha mipata si upambana 13%.
2. Dzenje - chiwerengero cha voids mu ranges kuchokera 13-50%, koma akadakwanitsira ndi ankaona kuti chikukanika 35%.

njerwa dzenje chiwerengero osiyana, chiwerengero ndi kukula kwa voids mu thupi. The zofala kwambiri ntchito ndi:

• wagawo ndi voids atatu, mabowo ndi awiri a 52 mm, cholinga - 15%;
• kutchinga ndi voids khumi, mabowo - 30 mm, 25%;
• kutchinga ndi voids fortini, mabowo - 30 mm, 30%.

Tizibowo chipika thupi kwambiri pa katundu chimateteza zakuthupi. Iwo kusokoneza mlingo wa zomangamanga osakaniza: la voids yaikulu mu chipika, m'pamenenso kuchuluka kwa njira chofunika. Makoma a midadada dzenje ayenera zina mumakhala.

Potumiza zinthu ndi

Mwa maikidwe njerwa zoyera amadziŵika motere:

1. Zomangamanga, amatchedwa wamba, - wokhathamira, ndi ochepa voids midadada silicate. Tsatanetsatane wa nkhaniyi amapereka durability okwezeka chimathandiza ogwiritsa yochitira makoma, mizati, nsanamira, partitions pakati m'zipinda. Pa nkhaniyi analola kukhalapo kwa roughness ming'alu kapena kuopsedwa, womwe kenako ataphimbidwa ndi zomangamanga mapeto.
2. Nkhope - dzenje njerwa, amene ntchito wapakamwa cladding. Lamulo chachikulu izo - ndi mtundu yunifolomu ndi mawonekedwe yosalala popanda kuwononga. Iwo akhoza ataphimbidwa ndi onyenga kukongoletsa.

Momwe izo ziliri?

Zotsimikizira midadada silicate amachitidwa pa luso si ntchito. Mabukuwa ndi mankhwala ali ndi mawonekedwe parallelepiped ndi cholinga khoma zomangamanga. Kupanga laimu-moisturized ntchito kremnezomistaya kapena osakaniza laimu-mchenga monga binder ndi fillers. zigawo zikuluzikulu zimenezi kukonzedwa autoclaved ndi psinjika.

The zikuchokera yeniyeni osakaniza silicate chiri motere:

• Pamwamba yomanga laimu;
• mchenga kwa malonda kupanga silicate;
• belite sludge;
• unosnye phulusa zomera matenthedwe mphamvu;
• slag mchenga;
• zoloshlakovyh chabwino tirigu osakaniza;
• inki, soda zosagwira (chromium okusayidi);
• madzi wamba.

The katundu wa slag ndi phulusa ngati kuti kwathunthu kapena pang'ono m'malo ndi khwatsi mchenga, omwe amachepetsa osalimba a chipika silicate. Izi bwino mphamvu ndi katundu chimateteza. Komanso Pankhaniyi kwambiri - ndi 40% - binder amachepetsa chigawo ndipo kumachepetsa nthawi mowa autoclaving, zimene zimachititsa ndalama kupanga midadada silicate 20%.

Midadada mwina koyamba mtundu zipangizo - imvi - mwina akuda pamene sitepe ya pokonzekera pigment njira anawonjezera.

Zofunika mfundo kwa midadada silicate angapezeke malangizo otsatirawa:

• GOST 23421-79.
• GOST 379-95.
• SNIP 3.03.01-87.

Ubwino midadada silicate, maganizo a owerenga

Kutchuka kwa nkhaniyi, malinga ndi ndemanga, chifukwa cha kwambiri makhalidwe ake abwino:

1. The mtengo wotsika poyerekeza ndi analogue a zoumbaumba.
2. Pa midadada silicate osati kupanga efflorescence, ziribe kanthu momwe kale chinaikidwa zomangamanga kwa iwo. Ceramic njerwa sangathe kudzitama chifukwa cha katundu amenewa.
3. Block silicate ali ndi kutchulidwa mphamvu makhalidwe kuposa chipika ceramic, mmene m'kupita kwa nthawi ndi amene anapanga mng'alu amayamba kutha.
4. Zofunika zosavuta kugwira ntchito ndi. Kuti zomangamanga mpanda wa njerwa zoyera, izo sikutanthauza malangizo apadera.
5. njerwa Izi ntchito kwa erection makoma kupanga amakampani mafakitale, monga ali wabwino makhalidwe kutchinjiriza phokoso.
6. Popeza chipika ndi zopangwidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo achilengedwe, ndi wochezeka ndipo si zimatulutsa zinthu zoipa pa nthawi.
7. Mabukuwa ndi cholimba zokwanira: kwa zaka 50 ntchito sasiya zidazo.
8. Nyumba ya midadada silicate wamaliza wokongola chifukwa makhalidwe kapangidwe kwambiri njerwa zoyera.
9. Chifukwa luso sanali zipolopolo ali ndi mtengo wotsika poyerekeza ndi njerwa zofiira.
10. Ngakhale kuti makhalidwe chisanu zosagwira mchenga-laimu njerwa wotaya mankhwala ena, ndi nthawi, zinthu zimasintha: kulimbikira chisanu ndi durability ndi kuchuluka likuvutika zinthu mpweya carbonation.
11. mankhwala dzenje ndithu kuchepetsa kulemera kwa omanga Choncho amachepetsa katundu pa maziko a.
12. Nkhanizi ali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mbali yaing'ono n'zotheka kuti kumanga osiyana kuphatikiza mapulani.

Kuipa midadada chikhomo icho ogula

Kuipa nkhaniyi nyumba kwambiri amachepetsa mwayi ntchito zake.

Block silicate, mosiyana chipika ceramic ndi ofooka ndi heat- kugonjetsedwa makhalidwe. Choncho, umboni ndi ndemanga, ntchito yomanga ya zapansi, nyumba kosungira, zitsime, sewers ndi nyumba zina ndi mkulu mlingo wa chinyezi sizingatheke. madzi ndi kudzitsitsa mofulumira zakuthupi.

Mizere yoyamba ya zomangamanga mayunitsi muyenera kuchita mlingo wapamwamba kunagwa chipale chofewa - za theka mita kuchokera pansi, kapena zomangamanga kugwa. Mpaka midadada izi anaika chipika ceramic kapena chuma nyumba.

Komanso, Intaneti inanena kuti nkhaniyi si oyenera kugwira ntchito yomanga masitovu zomangamanga ndi chimneys, si oumitsidwa ndi kuwonongedwa ngati anakumana ndi moto.

Kumangira nyumba Mipikisano storey adakali wamng'ono mankhwala - silicate chipika. miyeso yake ndi motalika pang'ono nthawi chimango ntchito kucitika.

Gawo mayunitsi

Malinga amene zinthu aphatikizidwa zikuchokera chuma, ndi njerwa zoyera:

• laimu ndi phulusa - wapangidwa ndi 23% laimu ndi 77% phulusa;
• mchenga-laimu - yachibadwa woyera chipika kuti tichipeza 92% khwatsi mchenga ndi 8% ya laimu;
• Laimu-slag - amaphatikizapo khwatsi mchenga m'malo mwa porous slag opepuka (pafupifupi 92%) ndi Kuwonjezera ya laimu 3 mpaka 12%.

zigawo akhoza zosiyanasiyana mu malangizo mwina% 2-3.

Monga madzi osakaniza ndi silicate anawonjezera monga wetting wothandizira, i.e. mu osachepera kuchuluka kwa kukwaniritsa makhalidwe njira akamaumba, osakaniza iyi akutchedwa okhwima Chifungafunga mu njira ili pafupi 8%.

kukula Tchati

Today, opanga kwambiri mu msika wa zomangira kubala njerwa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo njerwa zoyera - silicate chipika. Makulidwe ali wake:

1. Single - ali mbali 250 × 65 × 120 mm (L × H × W), pafupifupi kulemera - 3.6 makilogalamu. Molingana izi ndi zopambana njerwa mbali kwa alternating yopingasa ndi mayikidwe kotenga cha midadada ya mu zomangamanga ndi.
2. Chitsiru (yodziyimira payokha) - ali miyeso 250 × 120 × 88 mamilimita; kulemera - osapitirira 4.3 makilogalamu. Kwenikweni, midadada awa ndi mphako njerwa ndi pamwamba corrugated.
3. Kawiri - ali mbali 250 × 120 × 103 mm. Kwenikweni, mtundu wa unit dzenje, kawirikawiri ntchito kunyamula opepuka zomangamanga.

midadada Zosiyanasiyana

A zosiyanasiyana njerwa zoyera wamba ndi pazogrebnevyh silicate chipika. Nkhanizi ndi mbale kuyeza 500 × 70 × 250 mamilimita ndi kuyika pa zipupa zam'mbali pazogrebnevyh loko. Kufunika kulenga dongosolo chonchi chifukwa cha chilakolako magawowa erection wa partitions khoma ndi kuchepetsa kupanga ntchito zimenezi.

Mbaula imakhala chisakanizo cha madzi, silika mchenga mtanda laimu ndi quicklime, yodziwika ndi kukana moto waubwenzi zachilengedwe. Malinga ndi ndemanga, chifukwa mpweya permeability wabwino mu chipinda amalenga nyengo omasuka, nkhani si kuvunda, m'litali, kuyamwa phokoso bwino. Komanso, mankhwala akhoza anamangidwira kuchita wosanjikiza awiri a maukonde chamadzi-wokwera ndi kutchinjiriza.

Pomaliza

Ubwino waukulu wa nkhaniyi ndi chomasuka ntchito, durability ndi maonekedwe okongola a nyumba anapeka therefrom. Chifukwa chipika izi laimu watsimikizira pakati omanga onse akatswiri ndi amisiri kunyumba.