Basi "Ikarus-293": specifications luso ndi zithunzi

Chihangare Ikarus carmaker mu Europe amadziwika yopangira wabwino, mabasi khalidwe. Koma mmodzi wa iwo amayenera kulandira chisamaliro chapadera. Tikulankhula za galimoto lotchedwa "Ikarus-293", amene kupanga inatha zaka pafupifupi 20 zapitazo.

Mwachidule za chitsanzo

Iyi ndi galimoto ndi chidwi kukula trohsektsionny basi, zomwe ndi m'chipani lero. Ngakhale kale, mu zaka za kupanga makina lingapezeke mu Hungary ndi dera la GDR.

Zowoneka amatikumbutsa basi trolley. Izo zikuwoneka chidwi, n'zosadabwitsa. kulemera kwake konse kumakhala ndi 33.450 makilogalamu, ndi zithetsedwe ndi 15 650 makilogalamu. M'litali akafika 22,68 m, m'lifupi mamita 2.5 ndi msinkhu wofanana 3 mamita (padenga). N'zosadabwitsa kuti "Ikarus" - basi a kalasi lalikulu kwambiri. Ndipo m'malo zingakhale anthu 229 (monga asanu pa mita lalikulu).

Ngakhale mwayi ake othandiza, basi sanasangalale kutchuka. Patapita kanthawi pang'ono, zitsanzo izi unagwira ntchito Budapest ndi Pécs. Patatha restyling wa basiyo anagulitsidwa ku Tehran, ndipo analola pa njira. Pali "Ikarus-293" anagwira okwera mpaka 2005.

kamangidwe

"Ikarus-293" amatanthauza gulu mabasi linanena. Amakhala ndi zigawo zitatu okhwima omwe hingedly olumikizidwa kwa wina ndi mnzake. Aliyense wa iwo anaika galimotolo chipinda. Onse atatu mipata yokwanira wofunikila kayendedwe ufulu wa anthu komanso wochititsa. Chizimitseni zigawo zitatu kungakhale, koma ikuchitika yekha ndi anthu oyenerera. Ndipo kokha kuntchito.

Komanso Dziwani kuti thupi la chigawo chilichonse chinali madziwo anali ndi ngolo-mtundu. Self chimango kwina. Uko kunali dongosolo okhwima popangidwa ndi mbali zitsulo zolumikizana kuwotcherera. Komabe, thupi kwambiri mabasi wakale analengedwa ndi mfundo zimenezi.

makhalidwe a

Asauze pang'ono za maziko luso zakuya chitsanzo cha "Ikarus-293". Atatu basi ali awiri msonkhano olowa. Woyamba anali okonzeka protivoskladyvayuschimsya limagwirira. Awa adali ndi kumbuyo-gudumu Kuyendetsa basi Ikarus 284. The mfundo yachiwiri wakhala chikhalidwe.

Poyamba, chitsanzo anali injini m'malo ofooka. "Icarus" anabwera ndi 6 yamphamvu injini dizilo, kupanga amene kutengela Chihangare likhale "kapolo." Unit umabala 250 "akavalo", anayamba wophatikizidwa ndi kufala yaotomatiki. Koma mphamvu ya injini uyu anali bwino sangakwanire ngati galimoto lolemera. Ndinkafunika wagawo wina, mwinamwake basi sakanakhoza omwazika kwa mlingo muyezo. Koma pomwepo analandira "Icarus".

basi anali okonzeka ndi injini latsopano patatha zaka 4. Zinali unit kuti amapangidwa German kampani zomangamanga MAN. Amalima malita 280. a. Makumi atatu "akavalo" anali mwachangu. Chifukwa cha watsopano galimoto wakhala kukwaniritsa liwiro la 70 km / h.

zina

Tikumbukenso kuti injini wamphamvu kwambiri sanali pomwe yekha amene analandira "Ikarus-293". Pambuyo mtundu zoterozo restyling basi adapindulapo nkhwangwa latsopano ndi mitundu ina ya thupi. Plus, akatswiri anaganiza kupeza wachiwiri ina asanu zitseko 2-tsamba. Lake ankatembenukira patsogolo ndi gawo limodzi. Ngakhale mkati pang'ono nditatsitsimuka. Ngakhale kanyumba dalaivala wa basi amachita mwa mawu a kamangidwe sasiyana ku kuntchito zitsanzo zina.

zonse izi anauzidwa osati kuonetsetsa kuti basi ndi zowoneka okongola. Kutukula akuyembekezeka kupangitsa zopindulitsa ndiponso zinchito.

yokumba

Ndithudi, "Ikarus-293" - chitsanzo si makamaka odziwika bwino. Koma ntchitoyi anali woti akhale bwino. Zinachitika kukhala akatswiri amene ankagwira ntchito yoposa chaka chimodzi wadutsa mayesero onse chofunika, ndipo ngakhale kumalo a zisudzo. Komabe, iye anali drawback kwambiri: onse oyendetsa mosachotsera, anadandaula za anathetsera zoopsa. Chifukwa, mosamalitsa chilankhulire, ntchito ndi mazira mpaka 1992.

Komanso ofunika ponena ndi kuti "Ikarus-293" - chitsanzo ndi tsamba masika kuyimitsidwa, ndi mwayi waukulu umene uli fragility ake. Plus, iye nthawizonse creaks. More ngati okhwima kuyimitsidwa. Ngakhale umene Inde zofewa sankakhoza kuyenda ndi kuyankhula. Izi sikuti zimaonekera kasamalidwe, koma kusokoneza kuthekera chitonthozo anthu. anthu ochepa kuti ankakonda kupita, nditagwira khasu. Koma sangathe ndicho kuthetsa mofulumira kuyimitsidwa. Mawu a ntchito kwake svolsya asatayike, amaganizira mmene anthu ambiri inakonzedwa kuti kusamutsidwa tsiku.

msonkhano

Nkofunika amatchula kuti basi osowa zikuchitika chiwembu yodziyimira payokha. N'chifukwa chake Ikarus 293 analiko mitundu angapo. Mwa njira, chiphunzitso, chitsanzo ichi ikuyenda malangizo onse. Ena maneuverability zifika, ngati samatha wagawo anaika mu gawo pakati. Komabe, popeza ntchito pa choyambirira Ikarus 293 sanapite malire ndi zimenezo, ndi kuwona mwayi ofanana kwenikweni sizigwira ntchito.

Komabe amakhulupirira kuti kuperewera zonse zili mwa chitsanzo ichi tinalandira kuchokera kuloŵedwa m'malo ake. Iwo anali basi I-280. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kuchotsa mosamala akatswiri awo anaganiza kuchita, koma anawonjezera kuti gawo pakati. Chifukwa cha - ndi "maziko" kumalephera kukhala ndi wotsatira.

Baibulo Cuba

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti chitsanzo ichi chinali chiyambi cha chilengedwe cha bukuli chiphatso cha basi, yomwe ikutchedwa Giron. Magalimoto amenewa apeza ntchito zawo Cuba. Komabe, Baibulo uyu anali zingapo zochititsa kuti kuwasiyanitsa ndi basi "Ikarus-293" imene ili chithunzi anapatsidwa pamwamba. Cuba chitsanzo analandira miyambo articulation mfundo, ndi gawo pakati pa olamulira, amene anapanga wamfupi kusiyana wapachiyambi, zida ndi matayala uni mbali. More, anaganiza kusintha chiwerengero cha mawindo, ndi kukhazikitsa mtundu khomo platen. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mabasi omwe Cuba changu thandizo pa amapita. Ngakhale lero angapezeke pa Liberty Island misewu, ndi bwino.

The cholinga cha polojekitiyi

Tsopano ziziyenda ambiri otchedwa basi lodziwika bwino. funso n'lakuti: chifukwa? Ndipotu, galimoto uyu zinatchuka kwambiri. Chabwino, chirichonse kotero Komabe, kukana maonekedwe zachilendo ndi mwambo mamangidwe Sikuti. Basi wakhala chidwi. Komabe, iyi inali mfundo yaikulu ya kutukula. Mfundo yakuti mabasi onse imene zoyendera mapeto 80 ndipo inatha onse mawu luso ndiponso makhalidwe. The original ndi zachilendo basi anali imathandiza kwambiri. Nzosadabwitsa zikuwoneka anatsindika mitundu yowala.

Komabe, mwina polojekiti ndipo adzapambana. Koma kumayambiriro '90s, pa nthawi imene chitsanzo akuyesera kuti abwereze ndi kusintha dongosolo zokomera anakomoka. Ndipo pamodzi ndi izi anamira mu chisokonezeko, ndipo umoyo wa gulu lonse. Yopanga, komanso malonda a magalimoto utachepa kwambiri.

Kutukula ndi oimira kampaniyo anatumiza khama lawo onse pa chitukuko zitsanzo zimene zinali kufunika, nakhala kuchipeza misika yatsopano mabasi. Koma zinthu sizinali bwino ndipo unakhala mbali ya gulu JSC IKARUSBUS. Basi yomaliza inatulutsidwa mu February 2004. Kasamalidwe latsopano mkulu anaganiza kokha kupereka magalimoto yaying'ono malangizo apadera. Kotero kuti pamodzi ndi kupanga ndi lingaliro kuti anaikidwa kutsirizitsa Ikarus 293, amene angakhale othandiza zinchito ndi bwino.