Atayezetsa immunoassay (immunogram) adziwe zizindikiro chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti

Analysis magazi immunological - njira ntchito ndi madokotala kuona ngati m'thupi lake kulimbana ndi matenda aakulu bakiteriya ndi tizilombo. Zotsatira matenda kudziwa mlingo wa chitetezo cha m'thupi pamene Iganizireni zizindikiro Mkhalidwe ndi kachulukidwe maselo ndi kukhalapo kwa chitetezo ku m'magazi.

Kodi chitetezo ya thupi

Mlendo wothandizila (mavairasi, mabakiteriya, nkhungu, mankhwala ndi poizoni) kuti alowe m'thupi, amatchedwa antigens. chitetezo cha m'thupi kuyankha kuwukira awo a m'badwo yogwira otchedwa oteteza - formations yeniyeni padziko lymphocytes, umalimbana kumanga kwa antigens ndi inactivation anayamba.

Kusasitsa, zosiyanasiyana ndi mapangidwe maselo mthupi ochokera ziwalo zotsatirazi:

• mafupa ili mafupa zazikulu;
• thymus;
• tonsils;
• lymph mfundo.

magazi kuyeretsedwa ku wothandizira yachilendo kugwirizana ndi maselo magazi, amapezeka ndulu ya. Lymphocytes ali kusamutsidwa thupi lonse ndi kufalikira ku madera osiyana ndi panopa lymph kudzera ziwiya lymph. Izi gawo zotumphukira wa chitetezo cha m'thupi.

Zikuonetsa yokwaniritsira diagnostics

immunological magazi kutumikiridwa mu milandu zotsatirazi:

• pafupipafupi mobwerezabwereza matenda a chiyambi opatsirana;
• utuluke kunagwa matenda opatsirana;
• Kuthi immunodeficiency kapena chikhalidwe kobadwa nako;
• pamaso pa matenda ndi autoimmune;
• zinthu matupi awo sagwirizana;
• kufunika zikunena yaikulu yaikulu opaleshoni;
• postoperative zosokonezeka;
• kulamulira phwando zotsatira za immunomodulators mu mphamvu;
• matenda a anorexia;
• Kuledzela zachilengedwe osiyana;
• neoplastic njira;
• shuga;
• chitukuko cha zotsatira zina zoyipa odwala kulandira mankhwala.

Indicators immunogram osati transcribe antchito labu. Zotsatira Survey anali ayesedwa ndi katswiri nawo.

Immunological kusanthula magazi

Kubweretsa zotsatira chomaliza cha kuwunika zikuphatikizapo osiyanasiyana ntchito umalimbana kudziwa zizindikiro kachulukidwe ndi Mkhalidwe maselo mthupi - chitetezo. Nthawi zambiri, malangizo a kusanthula Katswiri zikusonyeza zomwe kugwirizana mfundo chitetezo ayenera ayesedwa.

Full immunogram, mtengo umene uli mu uthunthu wa 5-6 zikwi rubles, m'malo nthawi yambiri ndipo mosamala ntchito-kwambiri, kotero Laboratories apeza yekha zotani ofunika dokotala.

Nthawi zambiri magazi amatengedwa kufufuza zinthu izi immunological:

1. zizindikiro kachulukidwe wa immunoglobulin seramu M, A, G, E.
2. Womuyenerera chigawo C3 S4-2.
3. Ntchito zinchito maselo mthupi.
4. Phagocytic index.
5. Proliferative ntchito lymphocytes.
6. Kachulukidwe zizindikiro subpopulations maselo mthupi.

Mwachidule zowonetsera

Analysis pa immunogram makamaka Mzimuyo mlingo wa ntchito ndipo immunoglobulins. Chiwerengero chachikulu (75%) kutenga immunoglobulins G. Iwo amatha kudutsa ndi latuluka kuchokera mayi kwa mwana wosabadwayo, kupanga dongosolo kudziteteza mwana.

Ngati magazi amaonetsa osakwanira chiwerengero cha immunological IgG, kungasonyeze kukhalapo kwa chotupa cha dongosolo lymphatic, kapena zilonda chikhalidwe cha underdevelopment anthu. The mkulu mlingo umboni wa matenda a chiwindi autoimmune kapena matenda opatsirana.

IgM ndi chakhumi cha immunoglobulins ena onse. Iwo amaoneka mu magawo oyambirira a matenda. Phatikizani IgM rheumatoid zinthu ndi immunoglobulins odana infective. Mkulu ambiri amasonyeza matenda enaake kapena matenda a chiwindi chitukuko.

IgA ndi 15% ya kulemera okwana immunoglobulins lapansi. Iwo mucosal chitetezo zinthu. atayezetsa chimasonyeza msinkhu apamwamba immunological chitukuko cha lupus erythematosus, nyamakazi, myeloma, mowa poizoni.

Pa masiku 14 oyambirira a matenda kuoneka IgA. Kwa masiku 7 kuti agwirizane chiwerengero chawo cha IgM. Pofika kumapeto kwa mwezi kuchokera pachiyambi cha chitukuko cha matenda m'magazi akhoza kudziwa oteteza kalasi A, M ndi G. Pamene wodwala pa peza kuti, IgA ndi IgG chitetezo kukhalabe dongosolo magazi, koma zizindikiro zawo kachulukidwe pansi nthawi 2-4.

Pali IgE ndi IgD. chitetezo enawa chifukwa cha mawonetseredwe awo sagwirizana ndi infestations helminth. Munthu akakhala wathanzi, iwo ndi mitengo otsika.

chitetezo alloimmune

Izi chitetezo enieni amene amapezeka thupi antigens maselo a magazi. kupangidwa bwino zimayamba ndi mimba RH-nkhondo kapena magazi. Bukuli lili ndi kuzindikira Rhesus magazi kunja.

kuwunika adzakhala nchitozi milandu zotsatirazi:

• Kubereka nthawi kuti kupewa RH-nkhondo;
• amene ananena amayi apakati amene ali oipa RH Chinthu;
• padera m'mbiri;
• chitukuko cha matenda hemolytic wa akhanda;
• Kuphunzira mtima isanafike magazi.

chitetezo umuna

Immunogram, mtengo wa pamati za ntchito njira apamwamba nzeru matenda, kupenda kukhalapo kwa chitetezo odana ndi umuna m'magazi. Njira ntchito mu matenda ena osabereka mabanja.

Chitetezo angazindikire osati magazi, komanso ntchofu khomo lachiberekero, padziko umuna mu madzi umuna. magawo chosadziwika mkati 55-60 mayunitsi. / ml. Pa chiphaso cha zotsatira za kukonzanso bwinobwino ikuchitika pambuyo pa masiku 14.

limati immunodeficiency

Kusiyanitsa immunodeficiency limati pulayimale ndi sekondale. Pulayimale - kobadwa nako, chifukwa matenda pa mlingo chibadwa. Secondary - nzika kukhala pa moyo mchikakamizo cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana thupi ndi kwachilengedwenso.

Palinso immunodeficiencies thupi amene angapeze pamisinkhu zina za chitukuko za chamoyo:

• immunodeficiency akhanda - chifukwa kusintha cha kukhalapo kwa chitetezo akuchikazi m'magazi kubala awo;
• immunodeficiency pakati - pali ndi maziko mahomoni placental pa ntchito womuyenerera ya;
• senile immunodeficiency - chifukwa mwamphamvu m'munsi yopangira maselo zodzitetezera kuchepa ntchito phagocytic wa neutrophils, macrophages, seramu bactericidal ntchito.

Zobwezeretsa chitetezo cha m'thupi amagwiritsa mfundo kukonzedwa mu chitukuko cha kuperewera pathological:

1. Kusonkhezera m'thupi chikhalidwe - mafupa kupatsidwa zina, chiwindi, thymus, utsogoleli wa immunoglobulins hemosorbtion, immunoadsorption.
2. Chiyambi mahomoni ndi timene - interferon, interleukin, timadzi thymus zinthu.
3. Mankhwala.

Terms of pokonzekera kusanthula

maphunziro amuzolengedwa zimafunika kutenga m'mawa venous magazi (kusala mpaka 12:00). tsiku lina pamaso pa mndandanda wa zinthu zofunika kusiya mowa, fodya, chepetsani zolimbitsa thupi. M'mawa mukhoza kumwa madzi okha asanapite ku labu.

Patsiku la chopereka magazi satenga mankhwala ena aliwonse. Ngati zimenezi sizingatheke, lipoti pa chinthu ichi, ogwira ntchito choyezera, kuti aziona zotsatira sanalakwe. maphunziro amuzolengedwa ikuchitika isanafike njira iliyonse yodziwira ndi achire.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa njira

Immunological kusanthula magazi, decoding imagwiridwa ndi dokotala-immunologist kapena chisamaliro chaumoyo katswiri, Ubwino:

• n'zotheka kupeza zotsatira zolondola;
• tanthauzo la matenda mu magawo oyambirira a chitukuko;
• Pogwira kuwukonza mankhwala pambuyo kudziŵa malumikizanidwe yodzitetezera m'thupi;
• kuthandiza movutikira matenda.

The sangathe ndi ndondomeko yaitali, ngati n'koyenera matenda kuwunika wathunthu chithunzi zinthu m'thupi zofuna kutembenuka kachulukidwe, ambiri.

Pomaliza

Immunogram ndi odalirika ndi zolondola kusanthula. kukhazikitsa amafuna kwambiri aluso zasayansi madokotala. Decoding adzaona chikhalidwe cha chitetezo cha m'thupi, kutsimikiza kapena kutsutsa matenda, kusankha ogwira mankhwala kamwedwe ndi kuonjezera kukana matenda a chikhalidwe opatsirana.